Two new supramolecular compounds based on arsenic vanadates formulated as H{sub 2}As{sub 6}V{sub 15}O{sub 42}(H{sub 2}O)Co(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sub 2}.2H{sub 2}O (1) and H{sub 2}As{sub 6}V{sub 15}O{sub ...42}(H{sub 2}O)Ni(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sub 2}.2H{sub 2}O (2) have been prepared by reacting V{sub 2}O{sub 5}, H{sub 2}C{sub 2}O{sub 4}.2H{sub 2}O, As{sub 2}O{sub 3},.H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}, CoCl{sub 2}.6H{sub 2}O (NiSO{sub 4}.6H{sub 2}O) and enMe (enMe=1,2-diaminopropane) under mild hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, ESR, XPS and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Crystal structure analyses reveal that compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural and exhibit novel 2-D supramolecular layer structures constructed from arsenic-vanadium clusters and two different types of secondary building units (SBUs), respectively, the different SBUs are formed by joint of two adjacent Co(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sup 2+} cations in compounds 1 and Ni(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sup 2+} cations in 2, respectively. - Graphical abstract: Two novel hydrogen bond-supported supramolecular compounds H{sub 2}As{sub 6}V{sub 15}O{sub 42}(H{sub 2}O)Co(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sub 2}.2H{sub 2}O (1) and H{sub 2}As{sub 6}V{sub 15}O{sub 42}(H{sub 2}O)Ni (H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sub 2}.2H{sub 2}O (2) have already been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analyses, they are isostructural and are constructed from arsenic-vanadium clusters and Co(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sup 2+} or Ni(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sup 2+} cations, respectively, Each of which exhibits novel 2-D supramolecular architecture.
Existing encoding schemes and index structures proposed for XML query processing primarily target the containment relationship, specifically the
parent–child and
ancestor–descendant relationship. The ...presence of
preceding-sibling and
following-sibling location steps in the XPath specification, which is the de facto query language for XML, makes the horizontal navigation, besides the vertical navigation, among nodes of XML documents a necessity for efficient evaluation of XML queries. Our work enhances the existing range-based and prefix-based encoding schemes such that all structural relationships between XML nodes can be determined from their codes alone. Furthermore, an external-memory index structure based on the traditional
B+-tree,
XL+-tree(XML Location+-tree), is introduced to index element sets such that all defined location steps in the XPath language,
vertical and
horizontal,
top-down and
bottom-up, can be processed efficiently. The
XL+-trees under the range or prefix encoding scheme actually share the same structure; but various search operations upon them may be slightly different as a result of the richer information provided by the prefix encoding scheme. Finally, experiments are conducted to validate the efficiency of the
XL+-tree approach. We compare the query performance of
XL+-tree with that of
R-tree, which is capable of handling comprehensive XPath location steps and has been empirically shown to outperform other indexing approaches.
In this paper, we report the fabrication of ferromagnetic semiconductor on GaN substrates by high-dose Cr ion implantation. Both magnetic and optical properties for Cr
+-implanted GaN were studied by ...photoluminescence and superconducting quantum interference device. The results of photoluminescence reveal that the implanted chromium incorporates substitutionally on Ga site and forms deep acceptor level in GaN. The materials show ferromagnetic-like order up to 300
K as indicated by temperature-dependent magnetization measurement. The
M
vs.
T
curve also implies the presence of different components to the magnetization in Cr
+-implanted GaN.
Virtual Organization File System (VOFS) allows users from different virtual organizations sharing and accessing files through the Internet. It is a dynamic file sharing system and quite different ...from conventional file sharing solutions. However, All peers in VOFS are global aware. For maintaining this global aware, peers of VOFS need abundant bandwidth and storage space. This paper tries to build a new version of VOFS based on DHT to overcome the old one’s shortage. Since global aware costs a lot of resources, peers in the new DHT-based version of VOFS will not be global aware, each peer just knows part of entire namespace. This new version can help VOFS to reduce communication burden and balance requirement of storage space and can be tested in actual grid system effectively.
In this paper we propose a new scheme to realize the chip-scale optical clock by using a dual-wavelength modulation transfer spectroscopy (DWMTS). The electro-optical modulator (EOM) and isolator in ...conventional modulation transfer spectroscopy which is complicated to be built on chip can thus be avoided. We remove the EOM and isolator at the price of an extra laser, which perform the volume optimization of the entire optical system, making the optical clock based on DWMTS to be a competitive candidate.
Metal sulfides have received growing attention as electrode materials for lithium ion batteries. However, large volume changes often cause a sharp decrease in capacity and thus leads to poor cycling ...performance. Here, we developed a facile hydrothermal process for preparation of FeS sub(2) nanocrystals (NCs) with diameter ranging from 10 to 35 nm and tested them as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In comparison with FeS sub(2) micro-particles, these FeS sub(2) NCs show higher capacity, a more stable discharge plateau and better cycling performance. Moreover, we studied the magnetic properties of these FeS sub(2) NCs in detail for the first time. The two as-prepared FeS sub(2) NCs have completely different magnetic properties. FeS sub(2) NCs prepared from Fe(acac) sub(3) show antiferromagnetism at room temperature and exhibit weak paramagnetism at low temperature. However, when nano-Fe sub(3)O sub(4) was used as the iron source, the synthesized products show ferromagnetic and paramagnetic behaviors which is due to the formation of a trace amount of pyrrhotite in the main phase. Our results indicate that detection of the trace amount of impurity in the main FeS sub(2) phase by traditional methods such as XRD, EDS, XPS and even room-temperature Mossbauer spectroscopy is ineffective, and that magnetic measurements alone are reliable.
Owning to the powerful non-linear fitting ability and limited battery knowledge requirement, the deep learning has drawn increasing attention to state of charge (SOC) estimation for Li-ion batteries ...in electric vehicles. However, most of the previous research has tended to focus on the estimating precision rather than computational efficiency and hardware feasibility. This paper proposed a complete hardware-software co-design solution based on a modified self-attention network. On Turnigy Graphene battery dataset, the proposed light-weighted model achieves 1.31% RMSE with only 457 trainable parameters and 1.47K floating point operations. To map and infer the proposed model more efficiently, a dedicated hardware with high performance mode and low power mode was brought forward, which costs less computing time to estimate SOC than previous approaches on MCU and GPU. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first study developing specialized accelerator circuit for deep learning SOC estimation.
The mission of the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) was to enable efficient lignocellulosic-based biofuel production. One BESC goal was to decrease poplar and switchgrass biomass recalcitrance to ...biofuel conversion while not affecting plant growth. A transformation pipeline (TP), to express transgenes or transgene fragments (constructs) in these feedstocks with the goal of understanding and decreasing recalcitrance, was considered essential for this goal. Centralized data storage for access by BESC members and later the public also was essential.
A BESC committee was established to codify procedures to evaluate and accept genes into the TP. A laboratory information management system (LIMS) was organized to catalog constructs, plant lines and results from their analyses. One hundred twenty-eight constructs were accepted into the TP for expression in switchgrass in the first 5 years of BESC. Here we provide information on 53 of these constructs and the BESC TP process. Eleven of the constructs could not be cloned into an expression vector for transformation. Of the remaining constructs, 22 modified expression of the gene target. Transgenic lines representing some constructs displayed decreased recalcitrance in the field and publications describing these results are tabulated here. Transcript levels of target genes and detailed wall analyses from transgenic lines expressing six additional tabulated constructs aimed toward modifying expression of genes associated with wall structure (xyloglucan and lignin components) are provided. Altered expression of
did not modify lignin content in transgenic plants. Simultaneous silencing of two
was necessary to decrease G and S lignin monomer and total lignin contents, but this reduced plant growth.
A TP to produce plants with decreased recalcitrance and a LIMS for data compilation from these plants were created. While many genes accepted into the TP resulted in transgenic switchgrass without modified lignin or biomass content, a group of genes with potential to improve lignocellulosic biofuel yields was identified. Results from transgenic lines targeting xyloglucan and lignin structure provide examples of the types of information available on switchgrass lines produced within BESC. This report supplies useful information when developing coordinated, large-scale, multi-institutional reverse genetic pipelines to improve crop traits.
Two new supramolecular compounds based on tungsten–vanadium polyoxoanions formulated as Cu(2,2′-bipy)
3
2H
14PW
2.2V
9.8O
40(VO)
2Cu(2,2′-bipy)
2H
2O
2PW
2.2V
9.8O
40(VO)
2·10H
2O (
1) and Cu
...4(2,2′-bipy)
4(H
2O)
2(PO
4)
2H
6.5PW
8.4V
3.6O
40·2H
2O (
2) (2,2′-bipy=2,2′-bipyridine) have been synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by IR, TG, XPS and X-ray diffraction analyses. Crystal structure analyses reveal that compounds
1 and
2 exhibit novel 2D supramolecular layer structures constructed from tungsten–vanadium polyoxoanions and different types of secondary building units (SBUs), respectively, the different SBUs are formed by Cu(2,2′-bipy)
2H
2O
2+ and Cu(2,2′-bipy)
3
2+ cations in compound
1 and Cu
4(2,2′-bipy)
4(H
2O)
2(PO
4)
2
2+ cations in
2, respectively. Study of magnetic properties indicated the presence of antiferromagnetic behaviors for both compound
1 and
2.
Two new supramolecular compounds were reported. Compounds
1 and
2 exhibit novel 2D supramolecular layer structures constructed from tungsten–vanadium polyoxoanions and different types of secondary building units, respectively.
Can We Trust Deep Speech Prior? Shi, Ying; Chen, Haolin; Tang, Zhiyuan ...
2021 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT),
2021-Jan.-19
Conference Proceeding
Odprti dostop
Recently, speech enhancement (SE) based on deep speech prior has attracted much attention, such as the variational auto-encoder with non-negative matrix factorization (VAE-NMF) architecture. Compared ...to conventional approaches that represent clean speech by shallow models such as Gaussians with a low-rank covariance, the new approach employs deep generative models to represent the clean speech, which often provides a better prior. Despite the clear advantage in theory, we argue that deep priors must be used with much caution, since the likelihood produced by a deep generative model does not always coincide with the speech quality. We designed a comprehensive study on this issue and demonstrated that based on deep speech priors, a reasonable SE performance can be achieved, but the results might be suboptimal. A careful analysis showed that this problem is deeply rooted in the disharmony between the flexibility of deep generative models and the nature of the maximum-likelihood (ML) training.
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