In this paper, the authors have demonstrated a low cost, highly manufacturable and thermally stable mini-transmitter for 10 Gb/s Ethernet applications. A novel two lens semi-passive alignment ...structure of 10 Gb/s 1310 nm SC receptacle or pigtail type optical mini-flat transmitter are designed and demonstrated to exhibit about 35% coupling efficiency with a /spl plusmn/5 /spl mu/m accuracy flip chip bonder general silicon optical bench process (SiOB) and packaging flow. Moreover, a high resistivity SiOB (1k/spl Omega//cm) and pressure-free bonding technique, using electroplated gold-tin solder, are also adopted to guarantee the transmitted performance in high speed operation. The eye diagram of the transmitter shows an excellent quality, passing the 10 Gb/s Ethernet mask test with 30% margin. The extinction ratio of the transmitter is also proved to above 6 dB at room temperature. The optical eye diagram shows excellent eye quality, passing the 10 Gb/s Ethernet mask test from 0/spl deg/C to 80/spl deg/C. Finally, the reliability of the transmitter is also evaluated in this paper.
Compounds
N-(6,7-difluoroquinolonyl)-ampicillin (AU-1) and
N-(6-fluoroquinolonyl)-ampicillin (FQ-1), synthesized by coupling of the carboxyl group of 6,7-difluoroquinolone (FP-3) and ...6-fluoroquinolone (FP4), respectively, with the α-amino-group of ampicillin side chain, exhibit antipseudomonal activity similar to and lower acute toxicity than that of norfloxacin, whereas neither ampicillin nor the fluoroquinolone moieties, compound FP-3 or FP4, alone have such activity. Also, AU-1 and FQ-1 are active against tested clinical isolates of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa that are highly resistant to norfloxacin, gentamicin, or both. The therapeutic efficacies of FQ-1 and norfloxacin were assessed and compared in neutropenic mice infected with a 90% lethal dose of
P aeruginosa. Mice intraperitoneally administered FQ-1 (10 mg/kg) 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours after infection had survival rates as high as 80%, comparable to those of mice treated with norfloxacin at the same dosage and dosing schedule. The study of protoplast formation revealed that FQ-1 did not inhibit cell-wall biosynthesis but did induce cell filamentation of
Bacillus subtilis at a level close to its minimal inhibition concentration. Both AU-1 and FQ-1 were able to intercalate into the double-stranded DNA. However, that FQ-1 lost such activity after it was treated with penicillinase suggests that the lactam-ring structure in ampicillin moiety of FQ-1 was hydrolyzed by penicillinase and that the hydrolyzed structure of FQ-1 does not own DNA-intercalation activity.
In the present study, Bezold-Jarisch reflex was induced by intravenous infusion of veratridine, and baroreceptor reflex by common carotid occlusion (CCO). We used the technique of aortic impedance ...analysis to evaluate the hemodynamic responses to Bezold-Jarisch and baroreceptor reflexes. A Millar catheter with high fidelity sensors was placed in the aortic root to record the pressure and flow waves. The pulsatile parameters were analyzed by discrete Fourier transform to obtain the impedance data such as characteristic impedance (Zc), peripheral resistance (Rp), first zero crossing frequency (fo), reflection ratio (Rf), backward arrival time (BWAT) and arterial compliance (C) etc. In 6 dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), an iv infusion of veratridine (5 μg/kg/min) was accomplished to activate the ventricular receptors and thereby induce Bezold-Jarisch reflex. The latter has been shown to occur in patients with myocardial infarction and considered to be beneficial to the dam
Poster Summaries Zhang, Lei; Hurek, Thomas; Reinhold-Hurek, Barbara ...
Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment
Book Chapter
Ondansetron has been approved for the treatment and prevention of postoperative emesis. Since it is presumably considered to possess potent antiemetic effect with fewer side effects, the ...administration of ondansetron to inhibit emesis in patients following gynecological laparoscopic surgery might be recommendable. Hence, we examined the effects of intravenous ondansetron at dosage of 4 and 8 mg in comparison with intravenous prochlorperazine at 5 mg and placebo.
A total of 120 patients were allocated randomly into 3 groups. Group 1 patients who served as control were given NaCl 0.9% 4 mL (placebo) intravenously (i.v.); patients in group 2 and group 3 were given ondansetron 4 mg ondansetron 8 mg i.v. respectively; patients in group 4 were given prochlorperazine 5 mg i.v. Premedication was omitted.
Logistic regression analysis adjusted for prognostic factors revealed no significant difference between 5 mg prochlorperazine group and 4 mg or 8 mg ondansetron group as compared over the 24 h study period.
The results of this study suggest that i.v. 4 or 8 mg ondansetron and 5 mg prochlorperazine were not effective in prevention of postoperative emesis in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy. Since the cost of ondansetron is high, its routine use for prevention against postoperative nausea and vomiting is not be recommended clinically because of its uncertain benefit.
