Skeleton-based action recognition is an important task that requires the adequate understanding of movement characteristics of a human action from the given skeleton sequence. Recent studies have ...shown that exploring spatial and temporal features of the skeleton sequence is vital for this task. Nevertheless, how to effectively extract discriminative spatial and temporal features is still a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a novel Attention Enhanced Graph Convolutional LSTM Network (AGC-LSTM) for human action recognition from skeleton data. The proposed AGC-LSTM can not only capture discriminative features in spatial configuration and temporal dynamics but also explore the co-occurrence relationship between spatial and temporal domains. We also present a temporal hierarchical architecture to increase temporal receptive fields of the top AGC-LSTM layer, which boosts the ability to learn the high-level semantic representation and significantly reduces the computation cost. Furthermore, to select discriminative spatial information, the attention mechanism is employed to enhance information of key joints in each AGC-LSTM layer. Experimental results on two datasets are provided: NTU RGB+D dataset and Northwestern-UCLA dataset. The comparison results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on both datasets.
Myokines are muscle‐derived cytokines and chemokines that act extensively on organs and exert beneficial metabolic functions in the whole‐body through specific signal networks. Myokines as mediators ...provide the conceptual basis for a whole new paradigm useful for understanding how skeletal muscle communicates with other organs. In this review, we summarize and discuss classes of myokines and their physiological functions in mediating the regulatory roles of skeletal muscle on other organs and the regulation of the whole‐body energy metabolism. We review the mechanisms involved in the interaction between skeletal muscle and nonmuscle organs through myokines. Moreover, we clarify the connection between exercise, myokines and disease development, which may contribute to the understanding of a potential mechanism by which physical inactivity affects the process of metabolic diseases via myokines. Based on the current findings, myokines are important factors that mediate the effect of skeletal muscle on other organ functions and whole‐body metabolism.
In this review, we summarize and discuss classes of myokines and their physiological functions in mediating the regulatory roles of skeletal muscle on other organs. We review the mechanisms involved in the interaction between skeletal muscle and nonmuscle organs through myokines.
Activated carbon was prepared from longan seed by chemical activation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The longan seed activated carbon (LSAC) was characterized for surface area and pore volume and used ...as an adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions in batch adsorption experiments. The effect of shaking speed, pH, LSAC dosage and temperature were studied. The results show that LSAC has a high surface area (1511.8m2/g) and porous structure, which is favorable for the adsorption. The effect of external diffusion is eliminated at 170rpm, the best pH value is 3.0 and the removal percentage of Cr(VI) increases with the increase of the LSAC dosage. The adsorption process can be well described by the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the activation energy is 84.4kJ/mol. The adsorption isotherms data of Cr(VI) on LSAC obtained at 298.2, 308.2, 313.2 and 318.2K were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and results show that it is better represented by the Langmuir isotherm model. The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH=2.73kJ/mol, ΔS=28.14J/molK and ΔG<0, show that the adsorption of Cr(VI) on LSAC is spontaneous and endothermic. The results show that LSAC is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions.
In a vacuum nanogap, phonon heat transfer can be induced by quasi-Casimir coupling in the absence of electromagnetic fields. However, it is unknown whether phonons can be transmitted across a nanogap ...via solid-like liquid layers adsorbed on solid surfaces. Here, we elucidate that phonon transmission across a nanogap can be induced by quasi-Casimir coupling via adsorbed liquid layers using classical nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. We modulated the gap distance to verify the existence of quasi-Casimir coupling between interfacial solid-liquid or liquid-liquid layers. Thermal resonance can be induced between two liquid layers by quasi-Casimir coupling, agitating the co-occurrence of thermal resonance between interfacial solid layers, while a liquid monolayer disturbs the resonance. The thermal resonance between liquid layers results in a larger heat flux and thermal gap conductance compared with those in the vacuum gap case, while the liquid layer limits the acoustic phonon transmission in the interfacial solid layers. The fundamental understanding of quasi-Casimir heat transfer at the solid-liquid interface could pave the way for future nanoscale energy transport and thermal management.
Phonon transmission channels via adsorbed liquid layers across a nanogap.
The hydrazinolysis of S‐cyanylated peptide provides an alternative way to afford protein α‐hydrazide, a key reagent used in native chemical ligation (NCL), without the aid of any inteins or enzymes. ...The currently used non‐selective S‐cyanylation, however, allows no other cysteine in the protein besides the one at the cleavage site. Herein, we report a regioselective S‐cyanylation and hydrazinolysis strategy achieved via the fusion of a tetracysteine tag to the C‐terminal of the protein of interest. We term it tetracysteine enabled protein ligation (TCEPL). While highly selective, the strategy is applicable for proteins expressed as inclusion bodies, and this was showcased by the efficient semi‐synthesis of an iron‐sulfur protein rubredoxin and the catalytic and hinge domains of matrix metalloprotease‐14 (MMP‐14) containing 207 amino acid residues. Furthermore, the TCEPL strategy was exploited for protein C‐terminal labeling with amino reagents bearing a variety of functional groups, demonstrating its versatility and generality.
A novel strategy, based on the regioselective S‐cyanylation and hydrazinolysis at a C‐terminal tetracysteine fusion tag, affording the expressed protein α‐hydrazides is reported. It overcomes some of the major limitations of present expressed protein ligation techniques, and thus significantly complements the chemical protein synthesis toolbox.
The high-resolution sedimentological and geochemical analysis of a sediment sequence from Lake Savine (Western Mediterranean Alps, France) led to the identification of 220 event layers for the last ...6000 years. 200 were triggered by flood events and 20 by underwater mass movements possibly related to earthquakes that occurred in 5 clusters of increase seismicity. Because human activity could influence the flood chronicle, the presence of pastures was reconstructed through ancient DNA, which suggested that the flood chronicle was mainly driven by hydroclimate variability. Weather reanalysis of historical floods allow to identify that mesoscale precipitation events called “East Return” events were the main triggers of floods recorded in Lake Savine. The first part of this palaeoflood record (6–4 kyr BP) was characterized by increases in flood frequency and intensity in phase with Northern Alpine palaeoflood records. By contrast, the second part of the record (i.e., since 4 kyr BP) was phased with Southern Alpine palaeoflood records. These results suggest a palaeohydrological transition at approximately 4 kyr BP, as has been previously described for the Mediterranean region. This may have resulted in a change of flood-prone hydro-meteorological processes, i.e., in the balance between occurrence and intensity of local convective climatic phenomena and their influence on Mediterranean mesoscale precipitation events in this part of the Alps. At a centennial timescale, increases in flood frequency and intensity corresponded to periods of solar minima, affecting climate through atmospheric changes in the Euro-Atlantic sector.
•200 Flood deposits characterized (frequency and intensity) over the last 6 kyr cal BP.•Ancient DNA suggested that the flood chronicle was not driven by human activity.•Weather reanalysis evidences mesoscale precipitation events as main triggers of recorded floods.•Palaeohydrological transition at approximately 4 kyr BP.•Higher flood frequency and intensity during centennial scale solar minima.
After working with a number of scholars for two years, a university designed a mobile learning platform referred to as 'College English IV,' where learners could have easy access to various kinds of ...learning resources through installing the program in their smart phones. This study aims to identify whether this platform could significantly improve the proficiency of English as a foreign language (EFL), yield learner satisfaction, and reduce learners' cognitive loads in EFL classes. Randomly selected 340 tertiary students participated in the study. After quantitative multivariate analysis and qualitative interview data analysis, it was concluded that: (1) In EFL classes, participants with the mobile learning platform were more satisfied than those without it; (2) In EFL classes, learning outcomes of participants with the mobile learning platform improved significantly more than those without it; and (3) In EFL classes, cognitive loads of participants with the mobile learning platform were significantly lower than those without it. Interdisciplinary research may be needed in future research.
In mammals, cold exposure induces browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) and alters WAT gene expression and lipid metabolism to boost adaptive thermogenesis and maintain body temperature. ...Understanding the lipidomic and transcriptomic profiles of WAT upon cold exposure provides insights into the adaptive changes associated with this process.
Here, we applied mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to provide a comprehensive resource for describing the lipidomic or transcriptome profiles in cold-induced inguinal WAT (iWAT). We showed that short-term (3-day) cold exposure induces browning of iWAT, increases energy expenditure, and results in loss of body weight and fat mass. Lipidomic analysis shows that short-term cold exposure leads to dramatic changes of the overall composition of lipid classes WAT. Notably, cold exposure induces significant changes in the acyl-chain composition of triacylglycerols (TAGs), as well as the levels of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in iWAT. RNA-seq and qPCR analysis suggests that short-term cold exposure alters the expression of genes and pathways involved in fatty acid elongation, and the synthesis of TAGs, sphingolipids, and glycerophospholipids. Furthermore, the cold-induced lipid dynamics and gene expression pathways in iWAT are contrary to those previously observed in metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging, suggesting beneficial effects of cold-induced WAT browning on health and lifespan.
We described the significant alterations in the composition of glyphospholipids, glycerolipids, and sphingolipids and expression of genes involved in thermogenesis, fatty acid elongation, and fatty acid metabolism during the response of iWAT to short-term cold exposure. We also found that some changes in the levels of specific lipid species happening after cold treatment of iWAT are negatively correlated to metabolic diseases, including obesity and T2D.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background The function of coronary microcirculation is an important factor in predicting the prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who receive percutaneous coronary intervention ...(PCI) therapy. Ticagrelor, a type of oral P2Y12 inhibitor, is widely prescribed to ACS patients and can improve prognosis compared to clopidogrel. However, the efficacy of ticagrelor on coronary microcirculation, compared to clopidogrel, remains unclear. The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of ticagrelor on coronary microcirculation. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were comprehensively searched to identify studies until November 2022. Data was pooled using the fixed effects model or random effects model based on the level of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses were performed to measure the effects of potential confounders. Results After screening, 16 trials with a total of 3676 participants were ultimately included in the analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that compared to clopidogrel, patients receiving ticagrelor exhibited a more significant reduction in the IMR (WMD: -6.23, 95% CI: -8.41 to -4.04), a reduction in the cTFC (WMD: -1.88; 95% CI: -3.32 to -0.45), and greater increases in CFR (WMD: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.57), MBG (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.48), and TIMI (RR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.06). Conclusion Our findings suggest that, compared to clopidogrel, ticagrelor has a significant effect in reducing coronary microcirculatory resistance, enhancing coronary blood flow reserve, and improving myocardial perfusion.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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