The adverse effects of antibiotics residues on aquaculture ecosystems and humans raised increasing concerns globally. To assess the occurrence, human health risks, sources, and bioaccumulation ...potential of antibiotics in cultured freshwater products in Eastern China, 12 and 13 aquaculture ponds were selected in 2018 and 2019, respectively, both covering 8 aquatic species. Concentrations of 12 commonly-used antibiotics were measured in muscle tissue of aquaculture products, water, sediment, and suspended particles. At least two antibiotics were found simultaneously in all muscle tissue samples. The concentrations of most antibiotics in freshwater cultured products were at a medium or lower level in comparison with other studies in China and worldwide, but slightly higher than the concentrations in cultured marine products. The potential risks from the intake of these aquatic products were also evaluated. The results showed limited adverse effects due to the consumption of these products with an exception of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. The bioaccumulation potential from water varied widely in different collection years, but the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values for antibiotics were all <50 L/kg. BSAF values of antibiotics were all far below 1, except for one site in Zhejiang province in 2018, indicating that the bioavailability from surface sediments was low, in a particular pond environment. The low repeatability of BAF and BSAF calculated in two years indicated a relatively unsteady status in terms of bioaccumulation potential of cultured freshwater ponds yearly.
•Antibiotics in Eastern China culture pond water were at/below medium level global.•Hazard quotients of antibiotics were far below 1 except for Fluoroquinolones.•BAF of antibiotics varied but all below 50 L/kg.•BSAF of antibiotics were all far lower than 1 in most case.•Low two-year repeatability indicated an unsteady status of ponds yearly.
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic disease characterized by decreased bone mass and degeneration of bone microstructure. In recent years, more and more researches have focused on the close relationship ...between gut microbiota (GM) and the occurrence and progression of OP, and the regulation of probiotics and prebiotics on bone metabolism has gradually become a research hotspot. Based on the influence of brain-gut-bone axis on bone metabolism, this review expounds the potential mechanisms of probiotics and prebiotics on OP from next perspectives: regulation of intestinal metabolites, regulation of intestinal epithelial barrier function, involvement of neuromodulation, involvement of immune regulation and involvement of endocrine regulation, so as to provide a novel and promising idea for the prevention and treatment of OP in the future.
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic bone disease characterized by the decreased bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure, which tends to result in the enhanced bone fragility and related ...fractures, as well as high disability rate and mortality. Exercise is one of the most common, reliable and cost-effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of OP currently, and numerous studies have revealed the close association between gut microbiota (GM) and bone metabolism recently. Moreover, exercise can alter the structure, composition and abundance of GM, and further influence the body health via GM and its metabolites, and the changes of GM also depend on the choice of exercise modes. Herein, combined with relevant studies and based on the inseparable relationship between exercise intervention-GM-OP, this review is aimed to discuss the moderating effects and potential mechanisms of exercise intervention on GM and bone metabolism, as well as the interaction between them.
Water quality in aquaculture farms is highly related to the quality of aquaculture products and the connected environment. Cadmium (Cd
2+
) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are two of the ...most common pollutants in the aquaculture water, while biochar derived from waste algae (Enteromorpha prolifera), namely BE, was applied in farms ponds to improve water quality. Firstly, the adverse environmental impact of BE was minor, while the concentrations of the heavy metal (Cd
2+
in the present study) and PAHs (FLU, PHE, FLT and PYR) were removed with efficiencies of 49%, 88%, 90%, 91% and 88%, respectively. The ecological risk values (RQs) were reduced subsequently with a rate of 58 ± 11%. After dosing BE, the ecological risk values in all the studied ponds were lower than 1, indicating no ecological risk in the corresponding aquaculture environment. The sorption capacities (q
m
) of BE were 15, 12, 6.3, 0.41, 0.29 and 0.56 mg·g
−1
for Cd
2+
, FLU, PHE, FLT, PYR and BaP, respectively. The sorption capacities were acceptable compared with those derived from other types of biomass. The removal mechanisms were partition (PAHs), complexation (Cd
2+
), π-π interaction (Cd
2+
and PAHs), precipitation (Cd
2+
) and ion-exchange (Cd
2+
). Practically and theoretically, the algae biochar is applicable in the aquaculture environment, where Cd
2+
and PAHs co-exist.
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are widespread in aquaculture and pose a huge threat to aquaculture organisms and human health. In this study, occurrences and relative abundances of ARGs were ...analysed in the guts of products cultured in freshwater ponds in the Yangtze River Delta region in China. A total of 29 ARGs were found in the gut samples, with detection frequencies ranging from 4.8% to 81%, and the relative abundances (ARGs/16S rRNA) ranging from 10
−7
to 1. In addition, the human dietary intake of ARGs via aquaculture products was assessed, where the daily intake of most ARGs via aquaculture products was higher than those via PM2.5 and drinking water, but lower than that via vegetables. The relative abundances of MGE (IS613, Tp614, tnpA and int1) were significantly correlated with those of multiple ARGs, indicating the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs among gut microorganisms. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the dominated microbial communities found in the guts of aquaculture products. In addition, significant correlations were found between Cyanobacteria and int1, between Nitrospira and tetE, and between sul2 and aadA2, indicating potential same hosts of these genes. In addition, results from co-correlation indicated both HGT (dominated by MGEs) of ARGs and the enrichment of ARGs in bacteria. MGEs, mostly int1, were more effective than bacteria in increasing the ARG abundance. This study could provide a better understanding of the transmission of ARGs in the aquaculture environment and improve the quality of aquaculture products and the ecology.
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•CeO2 with different electron density is obtained via regulation on facet and oxygen vacancy.•High electron density plays more important role than oxygen vacancy in ...photothermocatalytic toluene oxidation.•Toluene conversion rate can achieve 93% at 145 °C under GHSV of 60,000 mL·g−1·h−1.•Decrement of electron density and increase of oxygen vacancy are responsible for the decline of activity.
Developing low-temperature, high-efficiency and anti-poisoning catalysts is crucial for VOCs removal. CeO2 materials with different electron density are prepared via regulation on facets and oxygen vacancies. It reveals that high electron density of materials plays a decisive role in the production of reactive oxygen species, reducibility of surface lattice oxygen and improvement of photothermocatalytic activity for toluene oxidation compared with highly concentrated oxygen vacancies and large special surface area. Photothermocatalytic conversion rate for 1500 ppm of toluene over the optimized defective CeO2 could reach 93 % at 145 °C under the gas hourly space velocity of 60,000 mL·g−1·h−1. H2-TPR result shows that excessive oxygen vacancies are detrimental to the appearance of mobile reactive oxygen species due to the strong chemical interaction and the escape probability of surface lattice oxygen of CeO2. It is also found that the decrement of electron density of the recovered sample can account for the slight catalyst deactivation, accompanied by the increasement of bulk oxygen vacancies in the recovered sample, exclusive of disappearance of surface oxygen vacancies, aggregations and deposition of organic carbon. This work provides an insight into the design of high-efficiency non-noble catalysts applied to VOCs removal.
Demand for aquatic products surges, due to the increasing concerns on high-quality nutrition and food security. Eastern China is the leading area in contributing significantly to both production and ...consumption of aquatic products from inland aquaculture, coastal fishing, and distant-water fishing. It is imperative to comprehensively assess the dietary risks of common chemical hazards, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aquatic products of these supply origins, and the contribution of aquatic product consumption to total human exposure. The observed body loads of total PAHs in the coastal aquatic products varied significantly, indicating an unstable food quality from the east coast of China. In the meantime, benzoapyrene equivalent concentrations (BaPeq) exhibited the highest level in the aquatic products from inland farm ponds. High BaPeq, along with high consumption of inland aquaculture products, led to higher corresponding cumulative carcinogenic risks (ILCRs) than the other two kinds of products, which further indicate that the origins and consumption rates of the aquatic products do matter. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the consumption of aquatic products is an important contributor to the total daily exposure to PAHs, especially for children and pregnant women. Finally, it is necessary to apply practical remediation in aquaculture farm ponds to provide high-quality products, especially for the population groups of children and pregnant women, and alleviate the exposure and risk due to the PAHs in aquatic products.
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•A great variation of PAH concentration was found in the coastal seafood.•Higher BaPeq in inland aquaculture products led to higher cancer risk.•Contribution of consuming aquatic products to daily intake of PAHs cannot be ignored.
The origins of the aquatic products affect the food quality and aquatic products consumption is a considerable contributor to human daily intake of PAHs.
Inducing amorphous components into Al2O3 leads to elongation of the Al–O bond and the formation of oxygen vacancies, which makes Al2O3 an independent photocatalyst for CO2 adsorption and reduction. ...The generation rate of CO can reach 36.5 μmol g−1 h−1, which is 6.5 times that of P25 TiO2.
Plants have a series of response mechanisms to adapt when they are subjected to external stress. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) in plants function against a variety of abiotic stresses. We ...screened 17 CDPKs from drought- and salt-induced soybean transcriptome sequences. The phylogenetic tree divided CDPKs of rice,
and soybean into five groups (I-V).
-acting element analysis showed that the 17 CDPKs contained some elements associated with drought and salt stresses. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that the 17 CDPKs were responsive after different degrees of induction under drought and salt stresses.
was selected as a further research target due to its high relative expression. The subcellular localization experiment showed that GmCDPK3 was located on the membrane of
mesophyll protoplasts. Overexpression of
improved drought and salt resistance in
. In the soybean hairy roots experiment, the leaves of
hairy roots with RNA interference (
-RNAi) soybean lines were more wilted than those of
overexpression (
-OE) soybean lines after drought and salt stresses. The trypan blue staining experiment further confirmed that cell membrane damage of
-RNAi soybean leaves was more severe than in
-OE soybean lines. In addition, proline (Pro) and chlorophyll contents were increased and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased in
-OE soybean lines. On the contrary,
-RNAi soybean lines had decreased Pro and chlorophyll content and increased MDA. The results indicate that
is essential in resisting drought and salt stresses.
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