Three complexes with the ditopic ligand 4′‐4‐(quinolin‐8‐yloxymethyl)phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine (abbreviated as L), Ni(L)2(CH3COO)2 (1), Cd(L)2(ClO4)2 (2), and Cu2(L)2(ClO4)4·4DMF (3), were ...synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and structurally analyzed by X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction. Interestingly, in complexes 1 and 2, two ligands adopt a tridentate chelating pattern where the oxaquinoline group is non‐coordinated and coordinate with one MII ion (M = Ni for 1, M = Cd for 2) to form a mononuclear unit. In complex 3, two ligands bridge two CuII ions by pyridyl N atoms, ethereal O atoms, and quinolyl N atoms in a head‐to‐tail mode to generate a dinuclear Cu2L2 unit. Moreover, extended 1D and 2D supramolecular architectures are further constructed in 1–3 by multiple secondary interactions such as aromatic stacking and hydrogen bonding. Notably, the structural diversity of complexes 1–3 can be properly assigned to the central metal ions that have distinct coordination preferences. In addition, luminescent properties of the ligand and complex 2 were also investigated.
The typically sparse or lacking distribution of meteorological stations in mountainous areas inadequately resolves temperature elevation variability. This study presented the diurnal and seasonal ...variations of the elevation gradient of air temperature in the northern flank of the western Qinling Mountain range,which has not been thoroughly evaluated. The measurements were conducted at 9 different elevations between 1710 and 2500 m from August 2014 to August 2015 with HOBO Data loggers. The results showed that the annual temperature lapse rates（TLRs） for Tmean,Tmin and Tmax were 0.45？C/100 m,0.44？C/100 m and 0.40？C/100 m,respectively,which are substantially smaller than the often used value of 0.60°C/100 m to 0.65°C/100 m. The TLRs showed no obvious seasonal variations,except for the maximum temperature lapse rate,which was steeper in winter and shallower in spring. Additionally,the TLRs showed significant diurnal variations,with the steepest TLR in forenoon and the shallowest in early morning or late-afternoon,and the TLRs changed more severely during the daytime than night time. The accumulated temperature above 0°C,5°C and 10°C（AT0,AT5 and AT10） decreased at a lapse rate of 112.8？C days/100 m,104.5？C days/100 m and 137.0？C days/100 m,respectively. The monthly and annual mean diurnal range of temperatures（MDRT and ADRT） demonstrated unimodal curves along the elevation gradients,while the annual range of temperature（ART） showed no significant elevation differences. Our results strongly suggest that the extrapolated regional TLR may not be a good representative for an individual mountainside,in particular,where there are only sparse meteorological stations at high elevations.
Infection and rejection are the two most common complications after lung transplantation (LT) and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to examine the association between ...the airway microbiota and infection and rejection in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Here, we collected 181 sputum samples (event-free,
= 47; infection,
= 103; rejection,
= 31) from 59 LTRs, and performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the airway microbiota. A significantly different airway microbiota was observed among event-free, infection and rejection recipients, including microbial diversity and community composition. Nineteen differential taxa were identified by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe), with 6 bacterial genera,
, and
enriched in LTRs with rejection. Random forest analyses indicated that the combination of the 6 genera and procalcitonin (PCT) and T-lymphocyte levels showed area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.898, 0.919 and 0.895 to differentiate between event-free and infection recipients, event-free and rejection recipients, and infection and rejection recipients, respectively. In conclusion, our study compared the airway microbiota between LTRs with infection and acute rejection. The airway microbiota, especially combined with PCT and T-lymphocyte levels, showed satisfactory predictive efficiency in discriminating among clinically stable recipients and those with infection and acute rejection, suggesting that the airway microbiota can be a potential indicator to differentiate between infection and acute rejection after LT.
Survival after LT is limited compared with other solid organ transplantations mainly due to infection- and rejection-related complications. Differentiating infection from rejection is one of the most important challenges to face after LT. Recently, the airway microbiota has been reported to be associated with either infection or rejection of LTRs. However, fewer studies have investigated the relationship between airway microbiota together with infection and rejection of LTRs. Here, we conducted an airway microbial study of LTRs and analyzed the airway microbiota together with infection, acute rejection, and clinically stable recipients. We found different airway microbiota between infection and acute rejection and identify several genera associated with each outcome and constructed a model that incorporates airway microbiota and clinical parameters to predict outcome. This study highlighted that the airway microbiota was a potential indicator to differentiate between infection and acute rejection after LT.
Ferroelectric domain inversion and its effect on the stability of lithium niobate thin films on insulator (LNOI) are experimentally characterized. Two sets of specimens with different thicknesses ...varying from submicron to microns are selected. For micron thick samples (∼28 μm), domain structures are achieved by pulsed electric field poling with electrodes patterned via photolithography. No domain structure deterioration has been observed for a month as inspected using polarizing optical microscopy and etching. As for submicron (540 nm) films, large-area domain inversion is realized by scanning a biased conductive tip in a piezoelectric force microscope. A graphic processing method is taken to evaluate the domain retention. A domain life time of 25.0 h is obtained and possible mechanisms are discussed. Our study gives a direct reference for domain structure-related applications of LNOI, including guiding wave nonlinear frequency conversion, nonlinear wavefront tailoring, electro-optic modulation, and piezoelectric devices.
We present metamaterial-induced transparency (MIT) phenomena with enhanced magnetic fields in hybrid dielectric metamaterials. Using two hybrid structures of identical-dielectric-constant resonators ...(IDRs) and distinct-dielectric-constant resonators (DDRs), we demonstrate a larger group index (ng~354), better bandwidth-delay product (BDP~0.9) than metallic-type metamaterials. The keys to enable these properties are to excite either the trapped mode or the suppressed mode resonances, which can be managed by controlling the contrast of dielectric constants between the dielectric resonators in the hybrid metamaterials.
Cancer has been generally defined as a cluster of systematic malignant pathogenesis involving abnormal cell growth. Genetic mutations derived from environmental factors and inherited genetics trigger ...the initiation and progression of cancers. Although several well-known factors affect cancer, mutation features and rules that affect cancers are relatively unknown due to limited related studies. In this study, a computational investigation on mutation profiles of cancer samples in 27 types was given. These profiles were first analyzed by the Monte Carlo Feature Selection (MCFS) method. A feature list was thus obtained. Then, the incremental feature selection (IFS) method adopted such list to extract essential mutation features related to 27 cancer types, find out 207 mutation rules and construct efficient classifiers. The top 37 mutation features corresponding to different cancer types were discussed. All the qualitatively analyzed gene mutation features contribute to the distinction of different types of cancers, and most of such mutation rules are supported by recent literature. Therefore, our computational investigation could identify potential biomarkers and prediction rules for cancers in the mutation signature level.
Cryotherapy for oral precancers and cancers Yu, Chuan-Hang; Lin, Hung-Pin; Cheng, Shih-Jung ...
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association,
05/2014, Letnik:
113, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Previous studies have used cryotherapy for the treatment of oral precancers including oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH) as well as oral cancers including oral verrucous ...carcinoma (OVC) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cryotherapy is a method that locally destroys lesional tissues by freezing in situ . It can be carried out by either an “open” or a “closed” system. Lesional tissues are destroyed mainly through disruption of cell membrane, cellular dehydration, enzyme and protein damage, cell swelling and rupture, thermal shock injury to cells, damage to vasculature, and immune-mediated cytotoxicity. Cryotherapy is used frequently for the treatment of OL lesions with promising results. It can also be used to treat OVH and OVC lesions. Because OVH and OVC lesions are usually fungating and bulky, a combination therapy of shave excision and cryotherapy is needed to achieve a complete regression of the lesion. OSCCs have also been treated by cryotherapy. However, cryotherapy is not the main-stream treatment modality for OSCCs. Cryotherapy seems suitable for treatment of thin or relatively thick plaque-typed lesions such as OL lesions. By careful selection of patients, cryotherapy is a simple, safe, easy, conservative, and acceptable treatment modality for certain benign oral lesions and oral precancers.
Background
This study aimed to explore the characteristics of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for differentiating between benign and malignant lesions and different pathological types of ...lung cancer in bronchial lesions and to preliminarily evaluate the clinical value of OCT.
Methods
Patients who underwent bronchoscopy biopsy and OCT between February 2019 and December 2019 at the Chinese PLA General Hospital were enrolled in this study. White-light bronchoscopy (WLB), auto-fluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB), and OCT were performed at the lesion location. The main characteristics of OCT imaging for the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions and the prediction of the pathological classification of lung cancer in bronchial lesions were identified, and their clinical value was evaluated.
Results
A total of 135 patients were included in this study. The accuracy of OCT imaging for differentiating between benign and malignant bronchial lesions was 94.1%, which was significantly higher than that of AFB (67.4%). For the OCT imaging of SCC, adenocarcinoma, and small-cell lung cancer, the accuracies were 95.6, 94.3, and 92%, respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of OCT were higher than those of WLB. In addition, these main OCT image characteristics are independent influencing factors for predicting the corresponding diseases through logistic regression analysis between the main OCT image characteristics in the study and the general clinical features of patients (
p
<0.05).
Conclusion
As a non-biopsy technique, OCT can be used to improve the diagnosis rate of lung cancer and promote the development of non-invasive histological biopsy.
Users of big data analytics systems want the execution time of tasks to be as short as possible.However, during task execution, both network and computational moments may become resource bottlenecks ...that hinder task execution.Through the observation and analysis of the big data analysis system, the following conclusions are drawn: 1)the data-parallel framework should switch between multiple working modes depending on the current resource bottlenecks; 2)the scheduling of subtasks should fully consider the new tasks that may arrive in the future, not only the currently submitted tasks.Based on the above observations, a new task scheduling system Duopoly is designed and implemented, which consists of two parts: cans, a network scheduler that senses computational resources, and nats, a sub-task scheduler that senses network resources.The effectiveness of Duopoly is evaluated by small-scale physical clusters and large-scale simulation experiments, and the experimental results show that Duopoly can reduce the avera
In this paper, we present a CMOS image sensor for star centroid measurement for the application of star trackers. We propose a new capacitive transimpedance amplifier pixel architecture with in-pixel ...charge subtraction scheme. The pixel is able to achieve high signal-to-noise ratio for dim stars and, at the same time, to avoid saturation for bright stars. A prototype sensor was fabricated using Global Foundry 65-nm mixed-signal CMOS process. Experimental results show that the sensor can achieve 3.8 V/lux·s and 12 dB extension of dynamic range. For the saturated star in conventional method, the centroiding accuracy is improved by over 0.1 pixels after performing charge subtraction.
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