There are five-year transitional period for manufacturers after the issue of regulation(EU) 2017/746 on
diagnostic medical devices(IVDR) in May, 2017. The article introduces the background, major ...change, the impact of new regulation and the coping strategies of enterprises, the main preparation work should be taken etc, to provide reference or help for the domestic manufacturers when they prepare the CE marking according to IVDR.
The starter/generator is one key technology for the more electric/all electric aircraft. The wound-field doubly salient starter/generator supplies good prospect in the aircraft application. The ...doubly salient starter/generator prototype is modeled for simulation. The electromotive force (EMF) waveforms obtained from simulation are validated by the experiments. Based on the EMF waveforms of the machine, the standard three-step control algorithm is derived. When the rotor runs at high speed, the advanced angle control (AAC) method is adopted to get enough torque. The simulation and experiment results with two different control strategies are compared. The AAC scheme can increase the average torque by 62.7% at 3600 r/min. To reduce the torque ripples, the two-section twisted-rotor structure is adopted. The analysis shows that the two-section twisted-rotor structure helps to reduce the torque ripple coefficient by more than 50%. The two-section twisted-rotor structure is also helpful to reduce the output dc voltage ripple.
A hybrid excitation doubly salient machine (DSM) (HEDSM) can adjust the air gap flux with the limited field exciting ampere-turns. There are a few studied structures with different air gap flux ...regulation abilities. In this paper, several HEDSMs with different structures are analyzed by using an equivalent magnetic circuit method to compare the regulation effects of the wound-field excitation ampere-turns on the air gap flux. Moreover, the consumptions of the permanent magnet are also studied. It is shown that the hybrid excitation structure with different main poles (MPs) has excellent flux regulation ability. Two reasonable combinations of the MPs are presented: The 4PM + 1WF 18/12-pole structure can realize the minimal excitation power, and the 2PM + 1WF 18/12-pole structure, with the unidirectional field current, can simplify the design of the field current controller. A 30/20-pole hybrid excitation prototype machine is used to conduct the no-load and loading experiments, and the results show the good agreement with the analysis based on the equivalent magnetic circuit.
Abstract
Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting has the potential to realize water production anytime, anywhere, but reaching a hundred-gram high water yield in semi-arid climates is still ...challenging, although state-of-the-art sorbents have been used. Here, we report a portable and modularized water harvester with scalable, low-cost, and lightweight LiCl-based hygroscopic composite (Li-SHC) sorbents. Li-SHC achieves water uptake capacity of 1.18, 1.79, and 2.93 g g
−1
at 15%, 30%, and 60% RH, respectively. Importantly, considering the large mismatch between water capture and release rates, a rationally designed batch processing mode is proposed to pursue maximum water yield in a single diurnal cycle. Together with the advanced thermal design, the water harvester shows an exceptional water yield of 311.69 g day
−1
and 1.09 g g
sorbent
−1
day
−1
in the semi-arid climate with the extremely low RH of ~15%, demonstrating the adaptability and possibility of achieving large-scale and reliable water production in real scenarios.
A persistent challenge in classical photocatalyst systems with extended light absorption is the unavoidable trade‐off between maximizing light harvesting and sustaining high photoredox capability. ...Alternatively, cooperative energy conversion through photothermic activation and photocatalytic redox is a promising yet unmet scientific proposition that critically demands a spectrum‐tailored catalyst system. Here, we construct a solar thermal‐promoted photocatalyst, an ultrathin “biphasic” ordered–disordered D‐HNb3O8 junction, which performs two disparate spectral selective functions of photoexcitation by ordered structure and thermal activated conversion via disordered lattice for combinatorial photothermal mediated catalysis. This in situ synthetically immobilized lattice distortion, constrained to a single‐entity monolayer structure not only circumvents interfacial incompatibility but also triggers near‐field temperature rise at the catalyst–reactant complexes’ proximity to promote photoreaction. Ultimately, a generic full solar conversion improvement for H2 fuel production, organic transformation and water purification is realized.
Let the sunshine in: Single‐entity ordered–disordered monolayer D‐HNb3O8 nanosheets were engineered to realize full solar spectrum (250–2500 nm) utilization. The crystalline domains absorb UV photons to generate charge carriers, while the disordered “nanoislands” capture the full spectrum for solar heating to thermally boost the reaction kinetics.
CD133 has recently been reported as a marker of cancer stem-like cells in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its predictive value in CRC still remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to ...evaluate the association between the expression of CD133 and clinicopathological features and the outcome of CRC patients by performing a meta-analysis.
A comprehensive literature search for relevant studies published up to December 2012 was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE and ISI Web of Science. Only articles in which CD133 antigen was detected in situ localisation by immunohistochemical staining were included. This meta-analysis was done using RevMan 4.2 software.
We found that a total of 15 studies involving 810 CD133-high and 1487 CD133-low patients met the inclusion criteria for the analysis of 5-year overall survival (OS) rate. In a random-effects model, the results showed that CD133-high expression in colorectal cancer was an independent prognostic marker correlating with both OS rate (RR = 0.67, 95%CI 0.54-0.82, P<0.01) and disease free survival (DFS) rate (RR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.52-0.96, P = 0.03). CD133-high expression was also associated with more T3,4 tumor invasion, N positive and vascular invasion cases, corresponding to a risk difference of 1.12 (95%CI 1.01-1.23, P = 0.03), 1.31 (95%CI 1.06-1.63, P = 0.01) and 1.24 (95%CI 1.08-1.41, P<0.01), respectively. However, when types of histology, lymphatic invasion and distant metastasis were considered, CD133 overexpression was not significantly related with these clinicopathological parameters.
Our meta-analysis results suggest that CD133 is an efficient prognostic factor in CRC. Higher CD133 expression is significantly associated with poorer clinical outcome and some clinicopathological factors such as T category, N category and vascular invasion in CRC patients.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper aims to shed light on two different mathematical practices in late eighteenth-century China. For this purpose, we analyze two solutions to the “three problems of the eastward motion of ...fixed stars” (恒星東行三題) that were given separately by Jiang Sheng (江聲) and Li Rui (李銳), who were both Qian-Jia scholars in the same region of eastern China. By comparing their modes of problem-solving, of reasoning and of computation, we suggest that the mathematical practices they employed represent the recreation of two traditions of mathematical commentaries by Qian-Jia scholars.
本文分析了乾嘉學者江聲和李銳對 “恒星東行三題” 的解答, 揭示其兩種不同的數學實作。 通过比較其解題, 推理和計算模式, 本文認▪他們的數學實作代表了乾嘉學者對古代兩種不同的數學注疏傳統的再創造。
The genetic diversity and phenotypic variability of crop agronomic traits is valued by breeders for their benefits in crop breeding but are limited for most target traits. The rice Waxy (Wx) gene ...(LOC_Os06g04200) encodes granule‐bound starch synthase I (GBSSI), which determines the amylose content (AC) of endosperm by controlling amylose synthesis. The number of altered bases in each line (coloured in red) is indicated by the letter S followed by a number. (c) A structural model of Wxb constructed using the PROTEIN DATA BANK server; mutated residues contributing to the changes of AC are shown as spheres and are coloured (P124 in apricot, R125 in blue, R158 in red violet, G159 in white, V160 in green, D161 in red, T178 in orange and Y191 in purple). (d) Analysis of potential off‐target sites in the seven T1 edited lines. To determine the effect of these mutations on AC, we measured the apparent amylose contents (AACs) of grains from the seven mutant lines (Wxm5‐Wxm11), NIP (Wxb) and a 'soft rice' control Nangeng9108 (NG9108) (Wxmp) (Figure 1e).
We demonstrate that charge carrier diffusion lengths of two classes of perovskites, CH
3
NH
3
PbI
3−
x
Cl
x
and CH
3
NH
3
PbI
3
, are both highly sensitive to film processing conditions and optimal ...processing procedures are critical to preserving the long carrier diffusion lengths of the perovskite films. This understanding, together with the improved cathode interface using bilayer-structured electron transporting interlayers of 6,6-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)/ZnO, leads to the successful fabrication of highly efficient, stable and reproducible planar heterojunction CH
3
NH
3
PbI
3−
x
Cl
x
solar cells with impressive power-conversion efficiencies (PCEs) up to 15.9%. A 1-square-centimeter device yielding a PCE of 12.3% has been realized, demonstrating that this simple planar structure is promising for large-area devices.
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