Previous studies of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have found elevated risks with higher consumption of salted fish and preserved foods, particularly during childhood. These foods can contain high ...levels of nitrosamines; however, most studies have not estimated exposure to nitrosamines directly. We conducted a case‐control study in Taiwan to evaluate dietary intakes and NPC risk. A total of 375 cases (99% response rate) and 327 controls (88% response rate) were interviewed about their diet as an adult and at age 10 using a food‐frequency questionnaire. We interviewed mothers of participants about their child's diet at age 10, age 3 and during weaning and the mother's diet while she was breast‐feeding. Mothers of 96 cases and 120 controls were interviewed. Nitrosamine and nitrite levels were assigned to 66 foods based on published values. Intake of nitrosamines and nitrite as an adult was not associated with risk of NPC. High intakes of nitrosamines and nitrite during childhood and weaning were associated with increased risks of NPC for foods other than soy products. Adjusted odds ratios for the highest quartile were 2.2 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8–5.6 for age 10, 2.6 (95% CI 1.0–7.0) for age 3 and 3.9 (95% CI 1.4–10.4) for weaning diet. Intakes of nitrite and nitrosamines from soybean products during childhood and weaning were inversely associated with risk. Soybeans contain known inhibitors of nitrosation, and thus may explain the inverse association we observed. Our results suggest that nitrosamine and nitrite intake during childhood may play a role in the development of NPC. Int. J. Cancer 86:603–609, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Highlights • The relationship between both donor renal dysfunction and recipient renal dysfunction and the composite outcome of death or retransplantation was examined in 23,056 patients in the ...United Network for Organ Sharing database. • Renal dysfunction (defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 ) was present in 17.9% of donors and 39.4% of cardiac transplant recipients. • Donor renal dysfunction was not significantly associated with recipient death or retransplantation. • Recipient renal dysfunction was significantly associated with an increased risk of recipient death or retransplantation, a risk that appeared to be greatest in the first 30 days posttransplant.
Alterations in metabolism and bioenergetics are hypothesized in the mechanisms leading to pulmonary vascular remodeling and heart failure in pulmonary hypertension (PH). To test this, we performed ...metabolomic analyses on 30 PH individuals and 12 controls. Furthermore, using 2-18Ffluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography, we dichotomized PH patients into metabolic phenotypes of high and low right ventricle (RV) glucose uptake and followed them longitudinally. In support of metabolic alterations in PH and its progression, the high RV glucose group had higher RV systolic pressure (p < 0.001), worse RV function as measured by RV fractional area change and peak global longitudinal strain (both p < 0.05) and may be associated with poorer outcomes (33% death or transplantation in the high glucose RV uptake group compared to 7% in the low RV glucose uptake group at five years follow-up, log-ranked p = 0.07). Pathway enrichment analysis identified key metabolic pathways including fructose catabolism, arginine-nitric oxide metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and ketones metabolism. Integrative human protein-protein interactome network analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data identified key pathobiological pathways: arginine biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, purine metabolism, hypoxia-inducible factor 1, and apelin signaling. These findings identify a PH metabolomic endophenotype, and for the first time link this to disease severity and outcomes.
A ring-locked, phenyltetraene-based, second-order nonlinear optical chromophore (CLD-1) was synthesized. It shows no drop in decomposition temperature compared to its phenyltriene analogue, while the ...molecular nonlinearity increases by a factor of 2.25 from 6252 × 10-48 to 14065 × 10-48 esu at 1.9 μm. Thin films and waveguide devices were prepared from CLD-1/PMMA and CLD-1/APC (an amorphous polycarbonate) composites to study its electrooptic (EO) activity, optical loss, and photostability. An average EO coefficient of 92 pm/V at 1.06 μm was achieved in a 25 wt % CLD-1/APC composite. Mach−Zender (MZ) modulators fabricated from CLD-1/APC showed good thermal stability, low optical loss, low modulation voltage, and high extinction ratio. The photochemical stability of the CLD-1/APC modulator can be dramatically improved by operating in an inert gas atmosphere. Evidence shows that the predominant photochemical degradation mechanism of the material in air at 1.55 μm is the reaction between oxygen and photoexcited polyene-based chromophores.
To evaluate the safety and efficiency of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) using hydromorphone supplement with dexmedetomidine on patients undergoing transcatheter arterial ...chemoembolization.
One hundred and eighty patients, age ranged from 40 to 65 years, body mass index from 18 to 25 kg/m(2,) ASA physical status Ⅱ-Ⅲ, who were scheduled for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) under monitor anesthesia care (MAC) were randomly divided into 3 groups: hydromorphone group (H group), hydromorphone supplement with dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg group (D1 group), hydromorphone supplement with dexmedetomidine 2 μg/kg group (D2 group), 60 patients in every group. All the groups of patients received PCIA pump, in the H group, the PCIA reagent was composed of 120 μg/kg hydromorphone and 5 mg tropisetron in 100 ml of normal saline. In comparison, PCIA regiment was composed of 120 μg/kg hydromorphone, 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine and 5 mg tropisetron in 100 ml of normal saline in the D1 group, while 120 μg/k
Poor oral health has been linked with an increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We investigated whether alteration of oral microbiota is associated with ESCC risk. Fasting ...saliva samples were collected from 87 incident and histopathologicallly diagnosed ESCC cases, 63 subjects with dysplasia and 85 healthy controls. All subjects were also interviewed with a questionnaire. V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA was amplified and sequenced by 454-pyrosequencing platform. Carriage of each genus was compared by means of multivariate-adjusted odds ratios derived from logistic regression model. Relative abundance was compared using Metastats method. Beta diversity was estimated using Unifrac and weighted Unifrac distances. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) was applied to ordinate dissimilarity matrices. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare the coordinates between different groups. ESCC subjects had an overall decreased microbial diversity compared to control and dysplasia subjects (P<0.001). Decreased carriage of genera Lautropia, Bulleidia, Catonella, Corynebacterium, Moryella, Peptococcus and Cardiobacterium were found in ESCC subjects compared to non-ESCC subjects. Multinomial logistic regression analyses on PCoA coordinates also revealed that ESCC subjects had significantly different levels for several coordinates compared to non-ESCC subjects. In conclusion, we observed a correlation between altered salivary bacterial microbiota and ESCC risk. The results of our study on the saliva microbiome are of particular interest as it reflects the shift in microbial communities. Further studies are warranted to verify this finding, and if being verified, to explore the underlying mechanisms.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The present work aims at evaluation of the correlation between residual stresses and strain-induced martensitic transformations in AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel during deformation by x-ray ...diffraction. Moreover, investigating the effects of strain rate, temperature, and degree of deformation on the tensile properties, residual stresses, and martensitic transformation. Thus, uniaxial tensile tests were carried out at room temperature and 150 °C with different stress states. The experimental results showed clearly the dependency of residual stresses on the martensite volume fraction. Furthermore, it was observed that the residual stresses and martensitic transformations decreased with increasing strain rate and temperature. The residual stress value was always higher near to the tensile fracture surface. Additionally, it was increased with increasing of the deformation degree.
Wound healing is a slow and complex biological process, including inflammatory reaction, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell migration, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix deposition, ...tissue remodeling, and so on. Wnt signaling pathway can be divided into classical pathway and non-classical pathway. Wnt classical pathway, also known as Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, plays an important role in cell differentiation, cell migration, and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Many inflammatory factors and growth factors are involved in the upstream regulation of this pathway. The activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in the occurrence, development, regeneration, repair and related treatment of skin wounds. This article review the relationship between Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and wound healing, meanwhile summarizes its effects on important processes of wound healing, such as inflammation, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, hair follicle regeneration, and skin fibrosis,
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