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► Sc-doped BaTiO3 nanopowders were prepared by a sol–gel method for the first time. ► Doping with Sc3+ can dramatically refine the grain size of BaTiO3 ceramics. ► Two types of ...impedance response appeared in Sc-doped BaTiO3 ceramics. ► Curie temperature and dielectric constant decreased with increasing Sc3+ content. ► A relaxor behaviour occurs below room temperature for high doping content of Sc3+.
Sc-doped barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanopowders and ceramics were prepared by a sol–gel method for the first time. The polymorphism, microstructure and dielectric properties were investigated. Pseudo-cubic Sc-doped BaTiO3 nanopowders with a particle size of 30–40nm have been achieved at low temperature of 800°C. A phase diagram for the solid solution system BaTi1−xScxO3−δ was obtained. The limit of pseudo-cubic Sc-doped BaTiO3 solid solution (BTss) and the stable hexagonal phase have a large dependence on temperatures. The dopant of Sc3+ can also dramatically refine the grain size of BaTiO3 to 300nm when x=0.10. For different Sc3+ content in BaTiO3 ceramics, two types of impedance response appeared, and the resistivity of ceramics was dominated by bulk resistance or grain boundary resistance. Curie temperature (TC) and dielectric constant decreased by increasing the Sc3+ content. Relaxor behaviour occurs below room temperature when x=0.10.
This study aims to assess the antioxidant efficacy of mulberry (Morus alba) polyphenol (MP) in vacuum-packed dried minced pork slices stored at room temperature for 20 days. Dried minced pork slices ...were manufactured with 20 g/kg, 40 g/kg MP or 0.2 g/kg BHT, respectively. The results presented that MP significantly reduced TBRAS values increment and carbonyls formation while decelerated sulfhydryl losses in dried minced pork slices. Dried minced pork slices manufactured with MP gained higher a* value (P < .05) and lower L* value (P < .05) than the control. In additional, MP also improved microbiological stability and sensory properties of dried minced pork slices during storage. All these results demonstrated that MP as a natural antioxidant might have remarkable potentiality in meat products.
•Antioxidant effect of dried minced pork slices with mulberry polyphenol was studied.•Mulberry polyphenol retarded lipid and protein oxidation in dried minced pork slices.•Inhibitory effect of mulberry polyphenol on microbes of dried minced pork slices.•Mulberry polyphenol improved sensory properties of dried minced pork slice.
A two-stage thermophilic hydrogen fermentation and mesophilic methane production from paper sludge was successfully explored. The maximum hydrogen and methane potential were 0.165 L/g VS and ...0.376 L/g CODeffluent, respectively with Clostridium thermocellum augmentation. 63 L of hydrogen and 122 L of methane were recovered from 1 kg Paper sludge (PS, dry weight) with an energy yield of 4.5 MJ/kg PS, 50% higher compared to the single-stage anaerobic digestion (94 L CH4, 3.0 MJ/kg PS). The bacterial community of second-stage process was dominated by genus Propionispira, Mesotoga and Aminobecterium with stability, whereas the bacterial structure in single-stage process presented dynamic changes where genus Acetivibrio and Fibrobacter played an indispensable role. However, Genus Methanosaeta, Methanosarcina, Methanobacterium and Methanospirillum existed stably and predominantly in the archaeal community of single-stage and second-stage processes. The present study suggests the potential application of the established two-stage process in valorization of low-value waste biomass.
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•C. thermocellum enhanced two-stage H2 and CH4 production from PS was established.•50% more energy recovery was achieved from two-stage than single-stage.•Archaeal community structure of two BMP tests showed no difference.
Neostigmine is used to antagonize neuromuscular blocker-induced residual neuromuscular paralysis. Despite the findings of a previous meta-analysis, the effect of neostigmine on postoperative nausea ...and vomiting remains unresolved. We reevaluated the effect of neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting while considering the different anticholinergics as potentially confounding factors. We performed a systematic literature search using MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane library, reference listings, and hand searching with no language restriction through December 2004 and identified 10 clinical, randomized, controlled trials evaluating neostigmine's effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting. Data on nausea or vomiting from 933 patients were extracted for the early (0-6 h), delayed (6-24 h), and overall (0-24 h) postoperative periods and analyzed with RevMan 4.2 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) and multiple logistic regression analysis. The combination of neostigmine with either atropine or glycopyrrolate did not significantly increase the incidence of overall (0-24 h) vomiting (relative risk, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-1.18; P = 0.48) or nausea (relative risk, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-1.59; P = 0.08). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that there was not a significant increase in the risk of vomiting with large compared with small doses of neostigmine. Contrasting a previous analysis, we conclude that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that neostigmine increases the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Ramps and sloping roads appear everywhere in the built environment. It is obvious that the movement pattern of people in the sloping path may be different as compared with the pattern on level roads. ...Previously, most of the studies, especially the mathematical and simulation models, on pedestrian movement consider the flow at level routes. This study proposes a new lattice model for bidirectional pedestrian flow on gradient road. The stability condition is obtained by using linear stability theory. The nonlinear analysis method is employed to derive the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation, and the space of pedestrian flow is divided into three regions: the stable region, the metastable region, and the unstable region respectively. Furthermore, the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landan (TDGL) equation is deduced and solved through the reductive perturbation method. Finally, we present detailed results obtained from the model, and it is found that the stability of the model is enhanced in uphill situation while reduced in downhill situation with increasing slope.
weather is the most important factor affecting the photovoltaic power generation.In this paper, the irradiance data of a photovoltaic power station in crodora in 2020 are collected, and the daily out ...of ground irradiance and the measured irradiance curve of that day are compared and observed, then the weather of that year is classified by human work, and then the daily irradiance data records are counted for the relevant indicators, with the maximum third order Based on the attributes of difference value, discrete difference and normalized variance, it is unified with the classified weather type.Then, the SVM prediction model of weather category is established based on radial basis function, and the optimal model parameters are determined by cross validation, so that a large number of historical date weather categories can be classified and predicted.This is obviously different from the traditional prediction method based on linear statistical theory, and the results show that it has a good effect.
Highlights • Apelin expression is significantly increased in the RVLM in SIHR. • Exogenous apelin evokes a remarkably pressor effect in the RVLM of SIHR. • EA decreases the augmented apelin ...expression in the RVLM in SIHR. • EA attenuates the pressor effect elicited by exogenous apelin in the RVLM of SIHR.
Litter distribution significantly affects nutrient cycling, energy transfer, and various ecosystem services. However, little is known about how microtopography affects litter accumulation and ...distribution on the forest floor. Distribution characteristics of litter stocks at the slope-scale and their relationship with topography and rock exposure rate (RER) in a typical subtropical karst forest in China were determined by measuring the litter stock and RER of 300 grids of1 × 1 m in a 10 × 120 m square on a limestone hill. The results showed that (1) the average litter stock of karst forest was 691.54 ± 332.60 g∙m-2, among which 65.81% was undecomposed litter; (2) the spatial distribution of litter stocks was uneven with moderate variation, presenting five aggregated areas and four sparse areas on the entire slope; (3) there was a significant negative correlation between RER and litter stock (R = −0.37, P < 0.01), which increased with increasing slope gradient and slope position; and (4) the RER coupled with topography in karst areas directly affected litter accumulation via the redistribution process and indirectly affected the decomposition rate by altering the microenvironment, which reshaped the slope-scale distribution pattern of litter stocks. Our research highlights the importance of the complex slope-scale morphology of karst ecosystems in altering nutrient cycling and energy transfer by mediating litter redistribution, providing new insights into the formation of the high environmental heterogeneity in karst habitats.
•Rock exposure rate has a negative effect on litterstocks on slope-scale.•Slope gradient and slope position mediate the negative correlation between rock exposure rate and litter stocks.•Mirco-morphology significantly affects the accumulation and distribution patterns of forest litter in slope-scale, and plays an important role in the formation of high heterogeneity in karst habitats.
(HP) is a major cause of upper digestive tract diseases. However, the relationship between HP infection and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D levels in children has not been fully elucidated. This study ...investigated the levels of 25(OH)D in children of different ages and with varying degrees of HP infection and immunological features as well as the correlations between 25(OH)D levels in children infected with HP and their ages and degrees of infection.
Ninety-four children who underwent upper digestive endoscopy were divided into an HP-positive group without peptic ulcers (Group A), an HP-positive group with peptic ulcers (Group B) and an HP-negative control group (Group C). The serum levels of 25(OH)D and immunoglobulin and the percentages of lymphocyte subsets were determined. HP colonization, the degree of inflammation, and the degree of activity were further evaluated by HE staining and immunohistochemical staining in gastric mucosal biopsy.
The 25(OH)D level of the HP-positive groups (50.93 ± 16.51 nmol/L) was significantly lower than that of the HP-negative group (62.89 ± 19.18 nmol/L). The 25(OH)D level of Group B (47.79 ± 14.79 nmol/L) was lower than that of Group A (51.53 ± 17.05 nmol/L) and was significantly lower than that of Group C (62.89 ± 19.18 nmol/L). The 25(OH)D level decreased with increasing age, and there was a significant difference between Group C subjects who were ≤5 years old and those who were aged 6-9 years and ≥10 years. The 25(OH)D level was negatively correlated with HP colonization (
= -0.411,
< 0.01) and the degree of inflammation (
= -0.456,
< 0.01). The percentages of lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels among Groups A, B and C were not significantly different.
The 25(OH)D level was negatively correlated with HP colonization and the degree of inflammation. As the age of the children increased, the level of 25(OH)D decreased, and the susceptibility to HP infection increased.
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