Hypernatremic dehydration is well described in exclusively breastfed neonates, although life-threatening complications are rarely reported.
The present article describes a case of severe ...hypernatremic dehydration in a previously healthy term neonate. Other published cases of severe complications of hypernatremic dehydration are discussed.
The exclusively breastfed neonate described had severe hypernatremic dehydration because of inadequate milk intake, with disseminated intravascular coagulation and right lower limb gangrene that required amputation of all five toes and surgical debridement of the metatarsals. The usual etiology of hypernatremic dehydration in this age group is insufficient breast milk intake. Here, the infant's mother was treated for bipolar disorder with lamotrigine 250 mg orally once daily, aripiprazole 15 mg orally once daily, and sertraline 100 mg orally once daily.
Awareness of these complications should prompt close follow-up of the infant with poor weight gain. The role of maternal medication as a risk factor for hypernatremic dehydration among exclusively breastfed infants needs to be further explored.
Data on urinary tract infections (UTIs) in very preterm neonates (VPTNs) are scarce. We aimed to (i) describe the characteristics of UTIs in VPTNs and (ii) compare the diagnostic practices of ...neonatal clinicians to established pediatric guidelines.
All VPTNs (<29 weeks GA) with a suspected UTI at the CHU Sainte-Justine neonatal intensive care unit from January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, were included and divided into two definition categories: Possible UTI, and Definite UTI.
Most episodes were Possible UTI (87%). Symptoms of UTIs and pathogens varied based on the definition category. A positive urinalysis was obtained in 25%. Possible UTI episodes grew 2 organisms in 62% of cases and <50,000 CFU/mL in 62% of cases.
Characteristics of UTIs in VPTNs vary based on the definition category and case definitions used by clinicians differ from that of established pediatric guidelines.
LiPON films are prepared by Radio Frequency sputtering on 200mm silicon wafers. LiPON elemental composition is investigated by RBS and NRA. Ionic conductivity is measured by impedance spectroscopy ...and electronic conductivity from Isothermal Transient Ionic Current (ITIC) in the temperature range 80K–380K on MIM cells. The ionic and electronic conductivities at room temperature are 1.2×10−6S/cm and 8×10−14S/cm respectively. Charge carrier concentration, mobility and Li ion diffusion coefficient are calculated. Temperature dependence of conduction mechanism in LiPON is described.
•We measure electrical performances of LiPON from 80 to 380K.•Transport mechanisms of Li in LiPON are described.•Diffusion coefficient, carrier concentration and mobility are calculated.
Purpose
Surgical management of ovarian masses in girls still challenging. The aim of the study is to report an 8-year experience in managing children with ovarian masses, and to demonstrate the ...advantages and the limitations of laparoscopy for such lesions.
Methods
Data of girls aged less than 18 years operated because of an ovarian mass between January 2015 and February 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: group A including children operated by laparoscopy, and Group B of patients who underwent open surgery.
Results
Eighty-eight children were enrolled. Laparoscopy was performed in 56 patients (63.6%). Group A patients had smaller tumor size (53.6±38.5 vs. 122.2±75.4 mm,
P
<0.0001), shorter operative time (50.4±20.3 vs. 71.5±36.5 min,
P
= 0.004), reduced length of hospital stay (1.4±1.1 vs. 3±2.3 days,
P
<0.0001), and absence of postoperative complications. Only 3 cases (5.7%) of recurrence were seen exclusively within patients followed for benign tumors during a mean follow-up period of 4.6±3 years.
Conclusion
Laparoscopy should be done in benign ovarian lesions or/and if a torsion is seen. For tumors at high risk of malignancy, laparoscopy can be performed to establish a clear macroscopic diagnosis, for staging of the disease, and resection of small tumors. Conversion to open surgery is indicated in case of doubt.
Abstract
Les symptômes cliniques attribués au reflux gastro-œsophagien pathologique chez les nourrissons nés à terme et en santé sont non spécifiques et rappellent des comportements adaptés à l’âge. ...Le présent point de pratique analyse les données probantes sur la prise en charge médicale recommandée de cette affection courante. Les recommandations à jour en vue de la prise en charge de ce type de reflux comprennent les modifications à l’alimentation, telles que l’épaississement des aliments ou l’évitement des protéines du lait de vache. Les données probantes à l’égard d’une prise en charge pharmacologique, y compris les traitements antiacides ou les agents procinétiques, sont limitées et démontrent que leurs risques sont souvent supérieurs à leurs éventuels avantages en raison des importantes préoccupations liées à l’innocuité et aux effets secondaires. Les traitements antiacides ne doivent pas être utilisés systématiquement chez les nourrissons présentant un reflux gastro-œsophagien pathologique. Ils sont plus susceptibles d’être utiles pour soigner des symptômes évocateurs d’une œsophagite érosive. Les données probantes sur la prise en charge des symptômes attribués à ce type de reflux chez les nourrissons de moins d’un an qui sont nés à terme et sont autrement en santé sont exposées, et la surprescription de médicaments est déconseillée dans cette population. Les conseils préventifs sur la résolution naturelle des symptômes de reflux sont recommandés.
Bronchiolitis is the most common reason for admission to hospital in the first year of life. There is tremendous variation in the clinical management of this condition across Canada and around the ...world, including significant use of unnecessary tests and ineffective therapies. This statement pertains to generally healthy children ≤2 years of age with bronchiolitis. The diagnosis of bronchiolitis is based primarily on the history of illness and physical examination findings. Laboratory investigations are generally unhelpful. Bronchiolitis is a self-limiting disease, usually managed with supportive care at home. Groups at high risk for severe disease are described and guidelines for admission to hospital are presented. Evidence for the efficacy of various therapies is discussed and recommendations are made for management. Monitoring requirements and discharge readiness from hospital are also discussed.
Lithiated transition metal oxides are active materials used as positive electrode in lithium ion cells thanks to their high capacity and air stability when. Amongst lithiated oxides, LiCoO2 is the ...most commonly and practically used due to its high‐specific energy and its excellent cycle life. This work focuses on phase transformation of LiCoO2 thin films during the annealing step and during the cycling life. The formation of unwanted products is highlighted by an innovative method: in situ Raman analysis. During the annealing used to transform the almost amorphous as‐deposited LiCoO2 into the rhombohedral structure useful for electrochemical cycling, the formation of Co3O4 has been observed. The second studied phase transformation is due to the electrochemical cycling and highlights the kinetics of the structure change. The study was done by comparing ex situ and operando results and highlights the main advantages of operando analysis: more data in a shorter time and the ability to assess the time dependence of phenomena.
In this Raman spectroscopic study, we examined the most useful material for batteries: LiCoO2. Comparing ex situ and operando Raman characterization, it highlights some new results about the structural change of LiCoO2 in thin film microbatteries. We studied two types of structural changes: first, during LiCoO2 annealing just after deposition to reach the right structure for electrochemical applications (HT‐LiCoO2) and second, the time dependence of the structural change during the electrochemical cycling.
Abstract
Lithiated transition metal oxides are active materials used as positive electrode in lithium ion cells thanks to their high capacity and air stability when. Amongst lithiated oxides, LiCoO
2
...is the most commonly and practically used due to its high‐specific energy and its excellent cycle life. This work focuses on phase transformation of LiCoO
2
thin films during the annealing step and during the cycling life. The formation of unwanted products is highlighted by an innovative method: in situ Raman analysis. During the annealing used to transform the almost amorphous as‐deposited LiCoO
2
into the rhombohedral structure useful for electrochemical cycling, the formation of Co
3
O
4
has been observed. The second studied phase transformation is due to the electrochemical cycling and highlights the kinetics of the structure change. The study was done by comparing ex situ and operando results and highlights the main advantages of operando analysis: more data in a shorter time and the ability to assess the time dependence of phenomena.
Abstract
Clinical symptoms attributed to gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) in healthy term infants are non-specific and overlap with age-appropriate behaviours. This practice point reviews the ...evidence for medically recommended management of this common condition. Current recommendations to manage GERD include feeding modifications such as thickening feeds or avoiding cow’s milk protein. There is limited evidence for pharmacological management, including acid suppressive therapy or prokinetic agents, with the risks of such treatments often outweighing possible benefits due to significant safety and side effect concerns. Acid-suppressive therapy should not be routinely used for infants with GERD and is most likely to be useful in the context of symptoms that suggest erosive esophagitis. Evidence for managing symptoms attributed to GERD in otherwise healthy term infants less than 1 year of age is presented, and the over-prescription of medications in this population is discouraged. Anticipatory guidance regarding the natural resolution of reflux symptoms is recommended.
In this work, nanometric (6–21 nm thick) amorphous TiO2 films have been elaborated and characterized in liquid- and solid-state electrolyte (LiPON) half-cell architectures. For all considered ...configurations, the volumetric capacity extracted from cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling within the 0.5–3 V potential range almost corresponds to the theoretical value expected for the Li x TiO2 (x ∼ 1) phase at low current density. Interestingly, TiO2 films after LiPON deposition exhibited a thickness-independent constant initial amount of intercalated lithium ions and did not require a first activation process, in comparison to the liquid electrolyte configuration. Furthermore, the cooperative effects of high Li+ intercalation kinetics and low interfacial charge transfer resistance for a 6 nm TiO2 electrode led to an outstanding surface capacity of 0.7 μAh cm–2 at 1 μA cm–2 and high rate performance with 60% capacity holding ratio at 1 mA cm–2, thus highlighting the extrinsic pseudocapacitive behavior of our sub-10 nm TiO2 electrodes. A Li x TiO2 6 nm/LiPON 100 nm/Pt hybrid micro-supercapacitor has been successfully fabricated, achieving an operating voltage window of 3 V and a surface capacitance of 94 μF cm–2 at 50 mV s–1. In addition, the device also exhibited 97% coulombic efficiency upon cycling for 10,000 continuous charge–discharge cycles. This work proposes an approach that allows us to adjust the Li-ion storage properties of TiO2 by nanoengineering and gives insights into the electrochemical performance enhancement by taking advantage of the pseudocapacitance-assisted lithium storage mechanism.
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