Continuation power flow is a powerful tool to simulate power system steady-state stationary behaviours with respect to a given power injection variation scenario. Although continuation power flow ...methods have been implemented in several commercial packages, they may be still too slow for online applications. The authors aim to improve the continuation power flow methods, mainly their speed and, to a less extent, their reliability. Nonlinear predictors are developed based on the polynomial interpolations. The authors' numerical studies show that continuation power flow with the proposed nonlinear predictors can be much faster than that with traditional linear predictors such as tangent or secant predictors. Of the nonlinear predictors, second-order polynomial approximation-based and third-order-based nonlinear predictors show their superior performance in speed. Continuation power flow with second-order nonlinear predictors is generally slightly faster than that with third-order nonlinear predictors. In addition, a hybrid corrector is developed and incorporated into continuation power flow. It is numerically shown on several test systems ranging from 118-bus to 1648-bus that continuation power flow with the proposed hybrid corrector can be much faster than that with traditional correctors such as the Newton method and the fast decoupled method. Finally, an improved continuation power flow with the developed nonlinear predictor and hybrid corrector is presented and evaluated.
Aims This study investigated the influence of two microbial inoculants; Lactobacillus formosensis and Lactobacillus buchneri on fermentation quality, chemical composition, aerobic stability and in ...vitro ruminal biological activity of condensed tannins in sweet potato vines silage. Methods and Results Sweet potato vines were ensiled for 28 and 60 days; without inoculant (CON), with Lact. buchneri (LB) or with Lact. formosensis (LF), both inoculants applied to achieve 1 10 super(6) CFU g super(-1) fresh forage. Lactobacillus formosensis silage had lower pH and higher lactic acid than all treatments. Yeasts and moulds were not detected in LB silage after ensiling. Lactobacillus buchneri silage was more aerobically stable than all treatments, whereas LF was more stable than CON silage. In vitro ruminal biological activity of condensed tannins was lower in microbial-inoculated silages than CON after ensiling. Conclusion Lactobacillus formosensis improved fermentability by reducing silage pH and improved aerobic stability by producing more propionate, which inhibited yeast activity. Lactobacillus buchneri improved aerobic stability of the silage by producing more acetate. Both strains effectively reduced the antinutritional effect of condensed tannins after ensiling. Significance and Impact of the Study Lactobacillus formosensis has the potential to be used as a silage inoculant because of its ability to improve fermentability and aerobic stability in sweet potato vines silage.
The bit cell is a key component that determines the VDDmin and power consumption of a sub-threshold static random access memory. In this paper, a new bit cell with a pnn-type latch structure is ...proposed. The analysis and measurement results indicate that the pnn bit cell outperforms the conventional bit cells in terms of VDDmin and power reduction.
The bit cell is a key component that determines the VDDmin and power consumption of a sub-threshold static random access memory. In this paper, a new bit cell with a pnn-type latch structure is ...proposed. The analysis and measurement results indicate that the pnn bit cell outperforms the conventional bit cells in terms of VDDmin and power reduction.
Renal transplant is the only curative treatment for end‐stage renal disease. As diabetes and obesity are the major causes of graft failure and post‐transplant complication, it is important to manage ...obesity in patients with renal transplant. Herein, we report a case of a morbidly obese renal‐transplant patient with poorly controlled diabetes who received bariatric surgery. A 34‐year‐old obese Taiwanese man with type 2 diabetes had end‐stage renal disease that had progressed since 2008, when he had commenced hemodialysis (January 2008) and had a renal transplant (July 2008). Because of persistent obesity and poorly controlled diabetes, he received LRYGB at Chiayi Christian hospital on 18 August 2010. In the month that followed, he lost 10 kg. His serum creatinine decreased to 1.11 mg/dL (1.4 mg/dL, preoperative) and his hemoglobin A1c decreased to 8.5% (10.4%, preoperative). These results indicate that, in obese renal transplant patients, LRYGB may be employed to treat obesity, control diabetes and stabilize or improve the renal function.
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