Cognitive and behavioral impairments of children born extremely preterm (EP) (<28 weeks' gestation) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) (<1000 g) may change with age. We assessed the individual ...stability of behavioral executive function (EF) from 8 to 18 years of age in children born EP or ELBW and their academic outcomes.
Participants comprised 180 children born EP or ELBW from a large geographic cohort. We investigated the frequency of 4 developmental groups (persistent, remitting, late-onset, and typical development) on the basis of dichotomized scores (typical versus elevated) at ages 8 and 18 years in 2 indices (the Behavioral Regulation Index BRI and the Metacognition Index MCI) of the parental form of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. Adolescent academic outcomes were measured by using the word reading, spelling, and math computation subtests of the Wide Range Achievement Test, Fourth Edition.
Most participants had a typical EF (BRI 61%, MCI 53%), followed by persistent (BRI 15%, MCI 16%), late-onset (BRI 12%, MCI 19%), or remitting (BRI 12%, MCI 13%) executive difficulties. Groups with executive impairments at age 18 years (persistent and late onset) had poorer academic outcomes than the typical and remitting groups. Shifting impairment categories between 8 and 18 years old was relevant to later academic outcomes.
Most children showed stable and age-appropriate EF, although persistent and transient difficulties were observed and related to uneven academic outcomes. Studying the origins and consequences of the developmental stability of EF may contribute to the development of interventions to decrease the adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm birth.
In this paper, we present new Gemini/GMOS optical spectroscopy of 16 extreme variability quasars (EVQs) that dimmed by more than 1.5 mag in the g band between the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and ...the Dark Energy Survey epochs (separated by a few years in the quasar rest frame). These EVQs are selected from quasars in the SDSS Stripe 82 region, covering a redshift range of 0.5 < z < 2.1. Nearly half of these EVQs brightened significantly (by more than 0.5 mag in the g band) in a few years after reaching their previous faintest state, and some EVQs showed rapid (non-blazar) variations of greater than 1–2 mag on time-scales of only months. To increase sample statistics, we use a supplemental sample of 33 EVQs with multi-epoch spectra from SDSS that cover the broad Mg II λ2798 line. Leveraging on the large dynamic range in continuum variability between the multi-epoch spectra, we explore the associated variations in the broad Mg II line, whose variability properties have not been well studied before. The broad Mg II flux varies in the same direction as the continuum flux, albeit with a smaller amplitude, which indicates at least some portion of Mg II is reverberating to continuum changes. However, the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of Mg II does not vary accordingly as continuum changes for most objects in the sample, in contrast to the case of the broad Balmer lines. Using the width of broad Mg II to estimate the black hole mass with single epoch spectra therefore introduces a luminosity-dependent bias.
CUBN Is a Gene Locus for Albuminuria BÖGER, Carsten A; CHEN, Ming-Huei; LIU, Ching-Ti ...
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology,
03/2011, Letnik:
22, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Identification of genetic risk factors for albuminuria may alter strategies for early prevention of CKD progression, particularly among patients with diabetes. Little is known about the influence of ...common genetic variants on albuminuria in both general and diabetic populations. We performed a meta-analysis of data from 63,153 individuals of European ancestry with genotype information from genome-wide association studies (CKDGen Consortium) and from a large candidate gene study (CARe Consortium) to identify susceptibility loci for the quantitative trait urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and the clinical diagnosis microalbuminuria. We identified an association between a missense variant (I2984V) in the CUBN gene, which encodes cubilin, and both UACR (P = 1.1 × 10(-11)) and microalbuminuria (P = 0.001). We observed similar associations among 6981 African Americans in the CARe Consortium. The associations between this variant and both UACR and microalbuminuria were significant in individuals of European ancestry regardless of diabetes status. Finally, this variant associated with a 41% increased risk for the development of persistent microalbuminuria during 20 years of follow-up among 1304 participants with type 1 diabetes in the prospective DCCT/EDIC Study. In summary, we identified a missense CUBN variant that associates with levels of albuminuria in both the general population and in individuals with diabetes.
The performance of a variety of DFT functionals (BLYP, PBE, B3LYP, B3P86, KMLYP, B1B95, MPWPW91, MPW1B95, BB1K, MPW1K, MPWB1K, and BMK), together with the ab initio methods RHF, RMP2, and ...G3(MP2)-RAD, and with ONIOM methods based on combinations of these procedures, is examined for calculating the enthalpies of a range of radical reactions. The systems studied include the bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of R−X (R = CH3, CH2F, CH2OH, CH2CN, CH2Ph, CH(CH3)Ph, C(CH3)2Ph; X = H, CH3, OCH3, OH, F), RCH(Ph)−X (R = CH3, CH3CH2, CH(CH3)2, C(CH3)3, CH2F, CH2OH, CH2CN; X = H, F), R−TEMPO (R = CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, C(CH3)3, CH2CH2CH3, CH2F, CH2OH, CH2CN, CH(CN)CH3, CH(Cl)CH3; TEMPO = 2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxyl) and HM1M2−X (M1, M2 = CH2CH(CH3), CH2CH(COOCH3), CH2C(CH3)(COOCH3); X = Cl, Br), the β-scission energies of RXCH2 • and RCH2CHPh• (R = CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, C(CH3)3; X = O, S, CH2), and the enthalpies of several radical addition, ring-opening, and hydrogen- and chlorine-transfer reactions. All of the DFT methods examined failed to provide an accurate description of the energetics of the radical reactions when compared with benchmark G3(MP2)-RAD values, with all methods tested showing unpredictable deviations of up to 40 kJ mol-1 or more in some cases. RMP2 also shows large deviations from G3(MP2)-RAD in the absolute values of the enthalpies of some types of reaction and, although it fares somewhat better than the DFT methods in modeling the relative values, it fails for substituents capable of strongly interacting with the unpaired electron. However, it is possible to obtain cost-effective accurate calculations for radical reactions using ONIOM-based procedures in which a high-level method, such as G3(MP2)-RAD, is only used to model the core reaction (which should contain all substituents α to the reaction center), and the full system is modeled using a lower-cost procedure such as RMP2.
OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to characterize the receptive language and speech production abilities of school-aged children with auditory neuropathy/dyssynchrony (AN/AD) and to compare ...those abilities to children with sensorineural (SN) hearing loss of similar age and degree of hearing loss.
DESIGN:Standardized speech and language tests were carried out on 12 AN/AD children, aged between 57 and 167 mo. Each of these subjects was a full-time hearing aid user or had been just before testing. Receptive language skills were assessed using the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and speech production ability was measured using the Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology (DEAP) and a Speech Intelligibility Rating Scale. Data from a matched cohort of children with sensorineural hearing loss were also obtained.
RESULTS:Receptive vocabulary and speech production were delayed (to varying degrees) in each of the AN/AD subjects (relative to normally hearing children). The group PPVT Language Quotient score was 0.65 ± 0.19 and the average number of pronunciation errors was 11 ± 8.4% higher than expected for age. Results for the AN/AD group were however similar to those obtained for a matched group of children with sensorineural hearing loss on both language and speech production measures.
CONCLUSIONS:The findings of this study indicate that while AN/AD type hearing loss can pose a significant developmental risk, at least some children fit with conventional amplification can develop reasonable speech and language abilities.
This letter presents a novel lateral superjunction lateral insulated-gate bipolar transistor (LIGBT) in partial silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology in 0.18-μm partial-SOI (PSOI) high-voltage (HV) ...process. For an n-type superjunction LIGBT, the p-layer in the superjunction drift region not only helps in achieving uniform electric field distribution but also contributes to the on-state current. The superjunction LIGBT successfully achieves a breakdown voltage (BV) of 210 V with an R dson of 765 mΩ·mm 2 . It exhibits half the value of specific on-state resistance R dson and three times higher saturation current ( I dsat ) for the same BV, compared to a comparable lateral superjunction laterally diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor fabricated in the same technology. It also performs well in higher temperature dc operation with 38.8% increase in R dson at 175 ° C, compared to the room temperature without any degradation in latch-up performance. To realize this device, it only requires one additional mask layer into X-FAB 0.18-μm PSOI HV process.
The objective of this review is to identify the barriers and facilitators for the implementation of nurse-delivered models of care for chronic diseases to inform the development and evaluation of ...nurse-delivered models of care for chronic sleep disorders.
Increasing prevalence of sleep disorders and subsequent demand for specialist-led sleep services has prompted investigation into the management of uncomplicated sleep disorders by general practitioners. Models of sleep health care with enhanced roles for general practice nurses have been investigated within the context of randomized controlled trials; however, it is unclear how best to implement these models into clinical practice. With limited research exploring the implementation of nurse-delivered models of sleep health care within general practice, this review will examine the barriers and facilitators for the implementation of nurse-delivered models of care for chronic disease. This will inform the integration of new nurse-delivered models of care for chronic sleep disorders into routine general practice.
Studies that report barriers and facilitators for the implementation of nurse-delivered models of care for chronic diseases for adults into a general practice setting will be included.
Six databases will be searched: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Emcare. The search will be limited to qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies. Studies will be included if they contain data that report on barriers and facilitators for implementation of nurse-delivered models of care for chronic diseases. This review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI approach to mixed methods convergent integrated systematic reviews.
PROSPERO CRD42021273346.
Partial SOI (PSOI) is revisited as a suitable High Voltage (HV) architecture for Power Integrated Circuits (PICs). The added process complexity compared to SOI RESURF is offset by the better heat ...conduction due to thinner BOX, the wider voltage range capability and the reduced parasitic capacitance to the Handle Wafer (HW). The new proposed platform technology is therefore particularly relevant to the manufacturing of high voltage integrated circuits (HVICs) where low Ron, fast switching and reduced self-heating are essential. This work reports on the extension of a 200V PSOI process to 400V while providing competitive Ron and low HCI degradation.
Alterations in the IKZF1 gene drive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) but are not routinely used to stratify patients by risk because of inconsistent associations with outcomes. We describe ...a novel deletion in 22q11.22 that was consistently associated with very poor outcomes in patients with B-ALL with IKZF1 alterations.
To determine whether focal deletions within the λ variable chain region in chromosome 22q11.22 were associated with patients with B-ALL with IKZF1 alterations with the highest risk of relapse and/or death.
This cohort study included 1310 primarily high-risk pediatric patients with B-ALL who were taken from 6 independent clinical cohorts, consisting of 3 multicenter cohorts (AALL0232 2004-2011, P9906 2000-2003, and patients with Down syndrome who were pooled from national and international studies) and 3 single-institution cohorts (University of Utah Salt Lake City, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and St. Jude Children's Hospital Memphis, Tennessee). Data analysis began in 2011 using patients from the older studies first, and data analysis concluded in 2021.
Focal 22q11.22 deletions.
Event-free and overall survival was investigated. The hypothesis that 22q11.22 deletions stratified the prognostic effect of IKZF1 alterations was formulated while investigating nearby deletions in VPREB1 in 2 initial cohorts (n = 270). Four additional cohorts were then obtained to further study this association (n = 1040).
This study of 1310 patients with B-ALL (717 male 56.1% and 562 female patients 43.9%) found that focal 22q11.22 deletions are frequent (518 of 1310 39.5%) in B-ALL and inconsistent with physiologic V(D)J recombination. A total of 299 of 1310 patients with B-ALL had IKZF1 alterations. Among patients with IKZF1 alterations, more than half shared concomitant focal 22q11.22 deletions (159 of 299 53.0%). Patients with combined IKZF1 alterations and 22q11.22 deletions had worse outcomes compared with patients with IKZF1 alterations and wild-type 22q11.22 alleles in every cohort examined (combined cohorts: 5-year event-free survival rates, 43.3% vs 68.5%; hazard ratio HR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.54-3.07; P < .001; 5-year overall survival rates, 66.9% vs 83.9%; HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.32-3.21; P = .001). While 22q11.22 deletions were not prognostic in patients with wild-type IKZF1 , concomitant 22q11.22 deletions in patients with IKZF1 alterations stratified outcomes across additional risk groups, including patients who met the IKZF1plus criteria, and maintained independent significance in multivariate analysis for event-free survival (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.27-3.29; P = .003) and overall survival (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.01-3.34; P = .05).
This cohort study suggests that 22q11.22 deletions identify patients with B-ALL and IKZF1 alterations who have very poor outcomes and may offer a new genetic biomarker to further refine B-ALL risk stratification and treatment strategies.
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