Stent placement may be an effective and last resort method for recanalization of recalcitrant intracranial artery occlusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a ...self-expanding stent for the recanalization of acute embolic or dissecting intracranial artery occlusion.
Nine patients (mean age, 66 years; NIHSS score, 10-23) with acute embolic (n = 8) or dissecting occlusion (n = 1) of the intracranial arteries (ICA terminus in 5, MCA in 3, and BA in 1) were treated with a recapturable self-expanding stent. The safety and efficacy of the stent for recanalization were evaluated retrospectively.
The emboli were entrapped against the vessel wall by the stent, resulting in immediate recanalization (TIMI 2) in all embolic occlusions. The dissecting occlusion was recanalized completely (TIMI 3). Adjunctive thrombolytics (n = 8, urokinase, 100,000-300,000 U) and/or GP IIb/IIIa antagonist (n = 7, tirofiban, 0.5-1 mg) were administered intra-arterially, and the degree of recanalization further improved in 4 embolic occlusions (TIMI 3). Acute in-stent thrombosis occurred in 2 patients, who received only urokinase without GP IIb/IIIa antagonist. Both of the reoccluded arteries were reopened, by stent recapture in 1 and by intra-arterial administration of GP IIb/IIIa antagonist in the other. Recapture was attempted in 7 cases, of which there were 3 successful outcomes. There was 1 asymptomatic hemorrhagic conversion at the infarction site. The mean improvement of the NIHSS score between baseline and discharge was 12.3 (range, 3-22).
Preliminary results of this study suggest that a self-expanding stent may be safe and efficient for recanalization of acute embolic or dissecting intracranial artery occlusion.
In this work, we analyze the role of a thin Cr spacer between Fe and Gd layers on the structure and magnetic properties of a Fe(35 Å)/Cr(
t
Cr
)/Gd(50 Å)/Cr(
t
Cr
)
12
superlattice. Samples without ...the Cr spacer (
t
Cr
= 0) and with a thin spacer (
t
Cr
= 4 Å) are investigated using X-ray diffraction, polarized neutron and resonance X-ray magnetic reflectometry, static magnetometry, magneto-optical Kerr effect, and ferromagnetic resonance techniques. Magnetic properties are studied experimentally in a wide temperature range 4–300 K and analyzed theoretically using numerical simulation on the basis of the mean-field model. We show that a reasonable agreement with the experimental data can be obtained considering temperature dependence of the effective field parameter in gadolinium layers. The analysis of the experimental data shows that besides a strong reduction of the antiferromagnetic coupling between Fe and Gd, the introduction of Cr spacers into Fe/Gd superlattice leads to modification of both structural and magnetic characteristics of the ferromagnetic layers.
The conical band structure is the cornerstone of graphene's ultra-broadband optical conductivity. For practical use of graphene in nonlinear photonics, however, substantial increases of the ...light-matter interaction strength will be required while preserving the promising features of monolayers, as the interaction of light with a single atomic layer is limited due to the extremely short interaction length and low density of state, particularly for the long-wavelength region. Here, we report that this demand can be fulfilled by random stacking of high-quality large-area monolayer graphene up to a requested number of layers, which leads to the electronic interaction between layers being effectively switched off due to turbostratic disorder. The nonlinear characteristics of randomly stacked multilayer graphene (RSMG), which originates from a thermo-modulational feedback mechanism through ultrafast free-carrier heating and temperature-dependent carrier-phonon collisions, show clear improvements in the terahertz (THz) regime with increasing layer numbers, whereas as-grown multilayer graphene (AGMG) exhibits limited behaviors due to strong interlayer coupling. This controllable nonlinearity enhancement provides an ideal prerequisite for developing efficient graphene-based THz photonic devices.
We present new ideas for evolving black holes through a computational grid without excision, which enable accurate and stable evolutions of binary black hole systems with the accurate determination ...of gravitational waveforms directly from the wave zone region. Rather than excising the black hole interiors, our approach follows the "puncture" treatment of black holes, but utilizing a new gauge condition which allows the black holes to move successfully through the computational domain. We apply these techniques to an inspiraling binary, modeling the radiation generated during the final plunge and ringdown. We demonstrate convergence of the waveforms and good conservation of mass-energy, with just over 3% of the system's mass converted to gravitational radiation.
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNC) of the ovary is a rare tumor in gynecologic oncologic field. An 18-year-old woman presented with abdominal distention and a pelvic mass measuring ten cm in ...diameter, who previously underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy due to large borderline mucinous ovarian neoplasm 18 months prior. A debulking operation was optimally performed, which included total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection, bilateral paraaortic lymph node dissection, omentectomy, optimal debulking of gastrohepatic mass and subdiaphragmatic mass, and pelvic peritonectomy. Despite adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin, the patient died of progressive disease seven months after surgery. The authors report the youngest case of LCNC of the ovary, that failed chemotherapy and had the previous history of the conservative surgical treatment due to mucinous borderline tumor.
As the most feasible solution beyond FinFET technology, a gate-all-around Multi-Bridge-Channel MOSFET (MBCFET) technology is successfully demonstrated including a fully working high density SRAM. ...MBCFETs are fabricated using 90% or more of FinFET processes with only a few revised masks, allowing easy migration from FinFET process. Not only on-target but also multiple Vt is achieved in challengingly limited vertical spacing between channels. Also, reliability of MBCFETs is shown to be comparable to that of FinFETs. Three representative superior characteristics of MBCFET compared to FinFET have been demonstrated - better gate control with 65 mV/dec sub-threshold swing (SS) at short gate length, higher DC performance with a larger effective channel width (Weff) at reference footprint, and design flexibility with variable nanosheet (NS) widths. The optimization of the standard cell design by using variable NS width is evaluated. The usefulness of MBCFET as a multi-purpose performance provider is proven by the modulation of effective capacitance (Ceff), effective resistance (Reff) and frequency by Weff control. Finally, mass production feasibility with MBCFET is proven through a fully working high density SRAM circuit.
Y2O3-MgO nanocomposites are one of the most promising materials for hypersonic infrared windows and domes due to their excellent optical transmittance and mechanical properties. In this study, ...influence of the calcination temperature of Y2O3-MgO nanopowders on the microstructure, IR transmittance, and hardness of Y2O3-MgO nanocomposites was investigated. It was found that the calcination temperature is related to the presence of residual intergranular pores and grain size after spark plasma sintering. The nanopowders calcined at 1000°C exhibits the highest infrared transmittance (82.3% at 5.3 μm) and hardness (9.99 GPa). These findings indicated that initial particle size and distribution of the nanopowders are important factors determining the optical and mechanical performances of Y2O3-MgO nanocomposites.
Patients undergoing Caesarean delivery under inhalation anaesthesia are at a high risk of awareness, especially in the period before delivery. We assessed the effects of pre-exposure to sevoflurane ...on the bispectral index (BIS) in the interval before delivery.
Sixty-four patients undergoing elective Caesarean delivery were randomly assigned to receive 1.0–1.1 vol% (control 1) or 1.2–1.3 vol% (control 2) end-tidal sevoflurane, or the same concentrations of end-tidal sevoflurane combined with pre-exposure to 1 vol% sevoflurane for the last 1 min of the preoxygenation period (the preSevo 1 and preSevo 2 groups, respectively). We assessed BIS values, arterial pressure, and heart rate at the time of induction; before intubation; and upon skin incision, uterine incision, and delivery. We also determined the maternal incidence of intraoperative awareness and the neonatal Apgar scores, and conducted umbilical blood gas analysis.
At skin incision, BIS values were significantly lower in the preSevo 1 group than in the control 1 group 50 (13) vs 72 (8), P<0.001 and in the preSevo 2 group than in the control 2 group 44 (11) vs 67 (10), P<0.001. The mean BIS values in the preSevo 1 and 2 groups were maintained below 60 in the period before delivery. No other parameter differed among groups, and no patient exhibited intraoperative awareness.
Pre-exposure to low concentrations of sevoflurane reduced BIS values in the interval before delivery, suggesting that this approach may reduce the risk of maternal awareness.
Clinical Research Information Service (code KCT0000069, http://cris.cdc.go.kr).
A 10nm logic platform technology is presented for low power and high performance application with the tightest contacted poly pitch (CPP) of 64nm and metallization pitch of 48nm ever reported in the ...FinFET technology on both bulk and SOI substrate. A 0.053um 2 SRAM bit-cell is reported with a corresponding Static Noise Margin (SNM) of 140mV at 0.75V. Intensive multi-patterning technology and various self-aligned processes have been developed with 193i lithography to overcome optical patterning limit. Multi-workfunction (WF) gate stack has been enabled to provide Vt tunability without the variability degradation induced by channel dopants.
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