Using the Zn-diffusion and oxide-relief techniques with the optimized aperture sizes, we demonstrate a novel single-mode 940 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with high brightness ...performance. The highly single-mode (SM) output optical spectra (SMSR>50 dB) can be sustained under a full range of bias currents and from room temperature (RT) to 85°C operation. Under RT operation, the maximum SM power can be as high as 7.1 mW with a moderate threshold current (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{I}_{\mathrm {th}} </tex-math></inline-formula>: 1.1mA) and narrow divergence angles in the far-field pattern (FWHM: 5°, 1/e 2 : 7-8°). Furthermore, the maximum 3-dB E-O modulation bandwidth of this high-power SM VCSEL can reach 15 GHz without the low-frequency roll-off induced by spatial hole burning effect. By using this novel device as the transmitter, we can achieve 25 Gbit/sec error-free (bit-error-ratio (BER) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> < 1\times 10^{-12} </tex-math></inline-formula>) transmission over a 400 meter OM5 fiber without using any signal processing technique. This novel high-speed and high-brightness SM 940 nm VCSEL can serve as a light source in single-mode fiber for medium-reach (>0.3 km) data communications as well as in free-space optical communication.
In this letter, we show an approach to 800G Ethernet based on dense channel allocation in the O-band and successfully demonstrate 8\times 54 GBaud PAM-4 with narrowest so far 240 GHz channel grid ...data transmission below HD-FEC over 1 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF) without any optical amplification, resulting in a total net throughput of 800 Gbit/s. Additionally we study theoretical limits of FWM on 108 Gbit/s channel system in SSMF zero-dispersion region.
In this letter, we show an approach to 800G Ethernet based on dense channel allocation in the O-band and successfully demonstrate Formula Omitted GBaud PAM-4 with narrowest so far 240 GHz channel ...grid data transmission below HD-FEC over 1 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF) without any optical amplification, resulting in a total net throughput of 800 Gbit/s. Additionally we study theoretical limits of FWM on 108 Gbit/s channel system in SSMF zero-dispersion region.
This letter proposes a W-band hybrid photonic wireless link based on a commercial small form-factor pluggable (SFP+) module and experimentally demonstrates its performance. Using a free running laser ...as local oscillator and heterodyne photonic upconversion, good frequency stability is achieved. Outdoor wireless transmission over 225 m with a bit error rate below 10 -6 is demonstrated, and the maximum reach of the system with typical RF components is calculated, finding wireless distances above 2 km to be feasible. Being based on a commercial SFP+, the proposed hybrid photonic wireless link offers seamless integration with existing distribution networks and passive optical networks, and thus paves the way for future mobile frontand backhaul architectures.
•Novel sensor based on a 6-core fiber and a VCSEL laser array is proposed.•Sensor sensitivity for a movement below 500um allows precise position tracking.•Responsivity of the sensor to oscillatory ...movement ranges from 1Hz to above 100kHz.
We demonstrate a XYZ motion / vibration sensor based on a 6-core fiber interferometer and a VCSEL lasers array. The sensor can detect changes in movement as low as 500 um and frequencies ranging from 1 Hz to 100 kHz with potential to extend this range further.
To cope with the ever increasing data traffic demands in modern data centers, new approaches and technologies must be explored. Short range optical data links play a key role in this scenario, ...enabling very high speed data rate links. Recently, great research efforts are being made to improve the performance of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) based transmission links, which constitute a cost-effective solution desirable for massive deployments. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate intensity-modulation direct-detection transmissions with a data rate of 107.5 Gb/s over 10 m of OM4 multimode fiber (MMF) using a multimode VCSEL at 850 nm, and up to 100 m of OM4 MMF using a single-mode VCSEL at 850 nm. Measured bit error rates were below 7% overhead forward error correction limit of 3.8e-03, thus, achieving an effective bit rate of 100.5 Gb/s. These successful transmissions were achieved by means of the multiband approach of carrierless amplitude phase modulation.
In this article, we report on energy efficient (6.2 mW/Gbit/s) transmitter and receiver assemblies capable of NRZ 80 Gbit/s and 72 Gbit/s fiber data transmission through 2 and 50 m of MMF, ...respectively. The optical link studied consisted of a 130 nm BiCMOS driver and transimpedance amplifier, ~30 GHz VCSEL, and ~27 GHz PD.
In this letter a reconfigurable remote access unit (RAU) is proposed and demonstrated, interfacing dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) optical and W-band wireless links. The RAU is composed ...of a tunable local oscillator, a narrow optical filter, and a control unit, making it reconfigurable via software. The RAU allows selection of a DWDM channel and tuning of the radio carrier frequency. Real-time transmission results at 2.5 Gbit/s and performance measurements with offline data processing at 4 and 5 Gbit/s are presented. Error free real-time transmission was achieved after 15 km of standard single mode fiber and 50 m of wireless transmission with carriers between 75 and 95 GHz.
This paper presents data on wafer-fused 1550-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) based on the active region and distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy. ...VCSELs with a tunnel junction aperture diameter of 8 μm show lasing at a threshold current density j th <; 3 kA/cm 2 , an output optical power of ~4 mW, and a -3 dB bandwidth of approximately 7 GHz at a 10-mA bias current. The devices demonstrate single-mode continuous wave operation with the transverse side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) varying in the range of 40-45 dB up to roll-over currents. The increase in mirror losses due to the etching of the top DBR makes the output optical power increase to 6 mW and causes the wallplug efficiency value to reach 20%, but SMSR remains in the range of 40-45 dB. This also makes it possible to reduce both the photon lifetime and, as a result, the effect of damping and increase the modulation bandwidth to 9 GHz. The observed open and clear eye diagrams indicate that non-return-to-zero operation is possible at bit rates of up to 30 Gbps without equalization or forward error correction. The high-output optical power and modulation performance pave the way for the dense wavelength division multiplexing application of wafer-fused 1550-nm VCSELs.
We report on 4× VCSEL multi-aperture arrays in the SWDM range suitable for high power high coupling efficiency multimode fiber (MMF) transmission at current densities as low as 6.7kA/cm 2 at 25 Gbaud ...(4mW optical power in the MMF) and 16.5kA/cm 2 at 50 Gbaud (7mW).
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