The major purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol (RES) on the spatial learning and memory ability in subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) rat model and the potential ...mechanism. A SCH rat model was induced by hemi-thyroid electrocauterization and the activity of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis was detected. The spatial learning and memory ability was tested using Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze. The protein expressions of synaptotagmin-1 (syt-1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus were measured via western blot. The results showed that SCH rat model was successfully duplicated. The SCH rats showed impaired learning and memory in the behavioral tests. However, these changes were reversed by the treatment of RES (15mg/kg) and levothyroxine (LT4). Moreover, RES treated rats exhibited reduced plasma TSH level and hypothalamic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) mRNA expression, which suggested that the imbalance of HPT axis in the SCH rats could be reversed by RES treatment. Furthermore, RES treatment up-regulated the protein levels of syt-1 and BDNF in hippocampus. These findings indicated an amelioration effect of RES on the spatial learning and memory in the SCH rats, the mechanism of which might be involved with its ability of modifying the hyperactive HPT axis and up-regulating the hippocampal hypo-expression of syt-1 and BDNF.
Taiwan is located along the boundary of the Eurasian and the Philippine Sea plates and experiences tens of thousands of earthquakes each year. Based on historical records, Taiwan has had several ...earthquakes of magnitude greater than 7.0. Notable and deadly quakes occurred in 1906 (Meishan Earthquake), 1935 (Hsinchu-Taichung Earthquake), and 1999 (Chi-Chi Earthquake). Statistically, Taiwan has had a major earthquake every 30–60 years. Therefore, earthquake museums are needed for long-term earthquake education and geoheritage exhibitions. Earthquake museums highlight disaster risks and preparedness information. The purpose of preserving earthquake remains is to educate visitors about Taiwan’s natural disasters and provide a memorable experience that inspires earthquake preparedness. The Chushan trench across the Chelungpu fault is a good example of Chi-Chi Earthquake rupture. This trench has recorded the five most important earthquake events on the Chelungpu fault. Although the Chelungpu Fault Preservation Park (CFPP) has worked to preserve these earthquake remains, they have been threatened due to seepage over the years. The aim of this paper is to analyze trench seepage and explore the development of an anti-seepage model, to provide a reference for the preservation of earthquake remains and museum development worldwide.
In this paper, we present a new design of solid-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF), a Ge20Sb5Se75 substrate with a hexagonal lattice structure. The fiber characteristics are studied in the ...long-wavelength range (from 1.5 µm to 7.0 µm). A full modal analysis and optical properties of designed photonic crystal fibers with lattice constant Λ and filling factor d/Λ are presented in terms of chromatic dispersion, effective refractive index, nonlinear coefficients, and confinement loss. All-normal and anomalous flat dispersion with high nonlinearity and low confinement loss are the outstanding advantages of these photonic crystalline fibers. From there, three optimal structures with Ʌ = 2.0 µm, d/Ʌ = 0.35; Ʌ = 2.5 µm, d/Ʌ = 0.3 and Ʌ = 3.0 µm, d/Ʌ = 0.3 are selected and analyzed in detail for application in supercontinuum (SC) generation.
In Taiwan, the main purpose of earthquake fault zone legislation is to prevent earthquake-related disasters around the surface traces of active faults, particularly in urban areas. Here, the ...Geologically Sensitive Area (GSA) of the Milun Fault (Milun Earthquake Fault Zone) is used as an example to reveal the importance of such legislation. Field data collected along the Milun Fault before and after the 2018 Hualien Earthquake were used to reveal the reappearance of damages within the GSA. The 2018 Hualien Earthquake represents one of the shortest recurrence intervals (67 years) among all major faults in Taiwan. Most of the surface ruptures and damaged buildings in Hualien City were within the Milun Fault GSA and concentrated on the hanging wall of the fault. Moreover, 61% (91/148) of the damaged buildings and 83% (692/835) of the surface ruptures occurred within 100 m of the fault line. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of defining GSAs of active faults for mitigating earthquake hazards.
Ca0.99-yTb0.01MoO4:yEu3+nanophosphors weresuccessfullysynthesizedbyhydrothermal method. All the samples can be excited by 395nm wavelengths for generation of red color emission. Enhancement in 5D0→7 ...F2 (616 nm) emission (f–f transition) of Eu3+ionis observed when Tb3+ionis co–doped in CaMoO4:Eu3+. This is due to the efficient energy transfer from Tb3+ to Eu3+ ions. Introduction of Tb3+ in the system does not lead to the change of emission wavelength of Eu3+. However, Tb3+and Eu3+co–doped in the system induces a shift in Mo-O charge transfer band absorption from 262nm to (413–431 nm). This may be due to the increase in electronegativity between Mo and O bond in the presence of Eu3+andTb3+leading to change in crystal field environment of Mo6+ in MoO4 2−. At the optimal concentration of Eu3+, an enhancement in emission by a factor of ∼5.6 in the respective excitation at 616nm ( 5D0→7 F2) is observed. The chromaticity coordinates (CIE) of all Ca0.99-yTb0.01MoO4:yEu3+ nanophosphors are in the red region. The luminescence lifetime values are0.812 ms to 1.20 ms. The energy transfer is observed to occur mainly via dipole–dipole interactions.
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