Objective and Design: Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is a severe complication associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Extensive inflammatory state ...in CF leads to pancreas damage and insulin resistance with consequent altered glucose tolerance and CFRD development. The aim of the present study was to identify circulating levels of inflammatory markers specifically associated with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and overt CFRD in a sample of young adults with CF. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four CF outpatients, without evident active pulmonary exacerbation, infectious and autoimmune diseases, were enrolled in the study and the levels of 45 inflammatory serum mediators were measured through x magnetic bead panel multiplex technology. Results: Serum levels of PDGF-AA, CCL20/MIP3alpha, IFNalpha, CCL11/eotaxin, CXCL1/GROalpha, GMCSF, B7H1/PDL1, IL13, IL7, VEGF, and TGFalpha were all significantly (p<0.05) elevated in patients according to glycemic status and directly correlated with glycated hemoglobin and C-reactive protein levels. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that increased levels of specific circulating inflammatory mediators are directly associated with impaired glucose tolerance in CF patients, thus, potentially implicating them in CFRD pathogenesis and warranting larger longitudinal studies to validate their monitoring as predictor of CFRD onset. Keywords: cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, cytokines, growth factors, immune mediators, impaired glucose tolerance, inflammation
It has already been shown how the shape of the current pulse produced by a SiPM in response to an incident photon is sensibly affected by the characteristics of the front-end electronics (FEE) used ...to read out the detector. When the application requires to approach the best theoretical time performance of the detection system, the influence of all the parasitics associated to the coupling SiPM–FEE can play a relevant role and must be adequately modeled. In particular, it has been reported that the shape of the current pulse is affected by the parasitic inductance of the wiring connection between SiPM and FEE. In this contribution, we extend the validity of a previously presented SiPM model to account for the wiring inductance. Various combinations of the main performance parameters of the FEE (input resistance and bandwidth) have been simulated in order to evaluate their influence on the time accuracy of the detection system, when the time pick-off of each single event is extracted by means of a leading edge discriminator (LED) technique.
A multichannel, mixed-signal, front-end ASIC for GEM detectors, intended for beam monitoring in hadron therapy applications, has been designed and prototyped in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS technology. ...The analog channels are based on the classic CSA + shaper processing chain, followed by a peak detector which can work as an analog memory, to simplifiy the analog-to-digital conversion of the peak voltage of the output pulse, proportional to the energy of the detected event. The available hardware resources include an 8-bit A/D converter and a standard-cell digital part, which manages the read-out procedure, in sparse or serial mode. The ASIC is self-triggered and transfers energy and address data to the external DAQ via a fast 100 MHz LVDS link. Preliminary characterization results show that the non-linearity error is limited to 5% for a maximum input charge of about 70 fC, the measured ENC is about 1400e− and the time jitter of the trigger signal generated in response to an injected charge of 60 fC is close to 200 ps.
This paper describes a readout ASIC prototype designed by the CHIPIX65 project, part of RD53, for a pixel detector at HL-LHC . A 64x64 matrix of 50x50mum super(2) pixels is realised. A digital ...architecture has been developed, with particle efficiency above 99.5% at 3 GHz/cm super(2) pixel rate, trigger frequency of 1 MHz and 12.5musec latency. Two analog front end designs, one synchronous and one asynchronous, are implemented. Charge is measured with 5-bit precision, analog dead-time below 1%. The chip integrates for the first time many of the components developed by the collaboration in the past, including the Digital-to-Analog converters, Bandgap reference, Serializer, sLVS drivers, and analog Front Ends. Irradiation tests on these components proved their reliability up to 600 Mrad.
Two Hamamatsu Photonics silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) with same cell size 50 x 50 mu m super(2) and different sensitive area (1 x 1 mm super(2) vs. 3 x 3 mm super(2)) have been characterized in ...charge and time by means of a 409 nm pico-laser. The time resolution was studied for the detection of few photoelectrons. The results obtained are relevant for the employment of SiPM in ring imaging Cherenkov detectors (RICH).
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