The current research aims to perform a comparative evaluation of vegetable matter involved lesions with oral parasitic infections found in oral mucosa, presenting histochemical methods to ...differentiate their microscopic similarities. Eight cases were selected out of a sample of 1.975 reports from a single Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Service of the author's institution from 2012 to 2019. Specimens were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE), periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) staining, Gomori–Grocott staining, Ziehl–Neelsen staining, Giemsa, and mucicarmine staining. Microscopic analysis included fluorescence, polarized light, and confocal microscopy. Microscopically, in HE coloration, hookworm eggs showed as eosinophilic. Inflammatory multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes, were usually related to the nematode eggs, forming an intense inflammatory infiltrate. Biofluorescent properties of eggs and larvae revealed to be sensitive in the detection of parasitic structures contrasting with the inflamed connective tissue. Vegetable presence was confirmed by polarized light microscopy and it was found to be associated with microbial biofilms. Confocal microscopy has showed to be an excellent method for morphotype differentiation of parasitic eggs. Parasitic infection and vegetable matter displayed similarities in the inflammatory response, but the latter can rot and agglomerate biofilms. The microscopic diagnosis of such infections requires the interpretation of challenging morphological features since the parasites are usually sectioned and mixed with an inflammatory reaction. These histochemical approaches proved to be excellent to distinguish both lesions.
The parasite found in oral mucosa presents a challenging microscopic diagnosis by the sectioning of the structures hindering the correct morphotype correlation, and also to be similar to the vegetable matter. The methods of histochemical staining, fluorescence, polarized light, and confocal microscopy proved to be an excellent auxiliary tools in the identification and determination of these structures.
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between length of root canal obturation (RCO) and the presence of apical periodontitis (AP) in different dental groups using cone-beam ...computed tomography (CBCT) analysis.
Materials and methods
A total of 392 roots with canal treatment performed for more than 4 years were evaluated using CBCT. Distances from the apex to the tip of filling material were measured and classified as more than 2 mm short of the apex, approximately 1–2 mm short of the apex, at the apex, and beyond the apex. Odds ratio, confidence interval, and the
χ
2
test were used for statistical analyses.
Results
The frequency of AP was significantly greater in molars than in the other tooth groups (
p
< 0.05). Moreover, RCO that ended 1–2 mm short of the apex was associated with a lower prevalence of AP in molars and premolars (
p
< 0.05) and in anterior teeth (
p
< 0.1) when compared with RCO at the apex, more than 2 mm short of the apex, or beyond the apex. When the RCO reached the apex, there was no difference in the presence of AP among dental groups (
p
> 0.05).
Conclusion
The length of RCOs can influence the presence of AP, with molars showing a higher prevalence. RCOs ending 1–2 mm short of the apex are associated with an absence of AP.
Clinical relevance
The length of obturation is related to the presence of apical peridontitis and consequently to the success of endodontic treatment.
Background
Although several studies indicate the harmful effects of bleaching on pulp tissue, the demand for this procedure using high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) is high.
Objectives
To ...investigate the influence of bleaching on the pulp tissue.
Methods
Electronic searches were conducted (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library and grey literature) until February 2021. Only in vivo studies that evaluated the effects of HP and/or carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gels on the inflammatory response in the pulp tissue compared with a non‐bleached group were included. Risk of bias was performed according to a modified Methodological Index for Non‐Randomized Studies scale for human studies and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation's RoB tool for animal studies. Meta‐analysis was unfeasible.
Results
Of the 1311 studies, 30 were eligible. Of these, 18 studies evaluated the inflammatory response in animal models. All these studies reported a moderate‐to‐strong inflammatory response in the superficial regions of pulp, characterized by cell disorganization and necrotic areas, particularly during the initial periods following exposure to 35%–38% HP, for 30–40 min. In the evaluation of human teeth across 11 studies, seven investigated inflammatory responses, with five observing significant inflammation in the pulp of bleached teeth. In terms of tertiary dentine deposition, 11 out of 12 studies noted its occurrence after bleaching with 35%–38% HP in long‐term assessments. Additionally, three studies reported significant levels of osteocalcin/osteopontin at 2 or 10 days post‐treatment. Other studies indicated an increase in pro‐inflammatory cytokines ranging from immediately up to 10 days after bleaching. Studies using humans' teeth had a low risk of bias, whereas animal studies had a high risk of bias.
Discussion
Despite the heterogeneity in bleaching protocols among studies, High‐concentrations of HP shows the potential to induce significant pulp damage.
Conclusions
High‐concentrations of bleaching gel increases inflammatory response and necrosis in the pulp tissue at short periods after bleaching, mainly in rat molars and in human incisors, in addition to greater hard tissue deposition over time. However, further well‐described histological studies with long‐term follow‐up are encouraged due to the methodological limitations of these studies.
Registration
PROSPERO (CRD42021230937).
Abstract
Aims
We report a rare case of late diagnosis of malignant osteopetrosis in a 36‐year‐old male patient due to multiple intraoral sinus tracts and trismus.
Case Report
The patient reported a ...history of facial scars that could not be attributed to the older external fistulas that were present and various complicated dental extractions since infancy. In addition, the patient had not been previously diagnosed with any other significant diseases other than blindness since infancy. Computed tomography revealed a marble‐like sclerotic pattern of all cranial bones, a thickened parietal bone, and a narrowing of the encephalic space and the optic canal. Further laboratory and imaging studies revealed complete sclerosed bone of the chest and pelvis, anemia, reticulocitosis, extramedular hematopoiesis, altered dehydrogenasis lactate, and acid phosphatasis. An interdisciplinary treatment was initiated with medical and dental care monitoring. The patient is still receiving attention after 4 years of follow‐up.
Conclusions
The outcome of this case represents the daily challenges faced by interdisciplinary care providers and reveals pearls and pitfalls that can serve as a reference for professional practice in such cases.
Aim
To evaluate the effect of red wine consumption or its polyphenols on the inflammation/resorption processes associated with apical periodontitis in rats.
Methodology
Thirty‐two three‐month‐old ...Wistar rats had apical periodontitis induced in four first molars and were then arranged into four groups: control (C)—rats with apical periodontitis; wine (W)—rats with apical periodontitis receiving 4.28 ml/kg of red wine; resveratrol+quercetin (R+Q)—rats with apical periodontitis receiving 4.28 ml/kg of a solution containing 1.00 mg/L of quercetin and 0.86 mg/L of resveratrol and alcohol (ALC)—rats with apical periodontitis receiving the alcoholic dose contained in the wine. The oral gavage treatments were administered daily, from day 0 to day 45. On the 15th day, apical periodontitis was induced, and on the 45th day, the animals were euthanized. Histological, immunohistochemical (RANKL, OPG, TRAP, IL‐10, TNF‐⍺ and IL‐1β) and micro‐computed tomography for bone resorption analysis were performed in the jaws. The Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn's test was performed for nonparametric data, and the anova with Tukey's test for parametric data, p < .05.
Results
The median score of the inflammatory process was significantly lower in the R+Q group (1) compared to the C (2) (p = .0305) and ALC (3) (p = .0003) groups, and not different from the W (1.5) group. The immunolabeling for OPG was significantly higher in the R+Q group (p = .0054) compared to all groups; the same was observed for IL‐10 (p = .0185), different from groups C and ALC. The R+Q group had the lowest TRAP cell count (p < .0001), followed by the W group, both inferior to C and ALC groups. The lowest bone resorption value was in the R+Q group (0.50mm3 ± 0.21mm3), significantly lower (p = .0292) than the C group (0.88mm3 ± 0.10mm3). The W group (0.60 mm3 ± 0.25 mm3) and R+Q group had less bone resorption compared to the ALC group (0.97 mm3 ± 0.22 mm3), p = .0297 and p = .0042, respectively.
Conclusion
Red wine administration to rats for 15 days before induction of apical periodontitis decreased inflammation, TRAP marking and periapical bone resorption compared to alcohol. Resveratrol‐quercetin administration reduced the inflammatory process in apical periodontitis, periapical bone resorption, and altered the OPG, IL‐10 and TRAP expression compared to C and ALC groups.
Abstract This study evaluated Method 300, a complementary teaching methodology in Dentistry. Thirty participants were divided into 6 groups according to the scores obtained in a placement test ...ranging from 0 to 10. Students with scores lower than 6 were classified as having poor academic performance ; students with scores equal to or greater than 6 were considered as having good academic performance. Each group included at least one student with good performance. Our methodology consisted of two application cycles, each including one different test ; however, only students with low performance could undergo the second testing. Students held meetings twice a week for one hour and thirty minutes. Of the 54 students initially enrolled in the subject, 24 dropped out, leaving 30 students who completed all the proposed activities. In cycle 1, 24 (80%) students showed poor academic performance and 6 (20%) good. Students with poor performance in P1 significantly improved after P1 300 test application (P < 0.001). After cycle 1 activities, all 30 participants showed significant improvement. In cycle 2, the number of students with good performance tripled when compared to cycle 1, resulting in a decrease in the number of students with poor performance (P = 0.205). Results show that the Method 300 is an important teaching-learning resource in Dentistry, to be used as a complementary methodology to lectures.
Aim
To evaluate the influence of an experimental solution of cobalt‐doped F18 bioactive glass (F18Co) on tissue repair following regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) in rat molars.
Methodology
The ...F18Co solution was prepared at a ratio of 1:5 F18Co powder to distilled water. The right or left upper first molars of 12 Wistar rats were used, where the pulps were exposed, removed, and irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), followed by 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (5 min each). Subsequently, the molars were divided into two groups (n = 6): REP‐SS and REP‐F18Co, where they received a final irrigation (5 min) with saline solution (SS) or F18Co solution, respectively. Then, intracanal bleeding was induced, and the tooth was sealed. Untreated molars were used as controls (n = 3). At 21 days, the rats were euthanized, and the specimens were processed for analysis of mineralized tissue and soft tissue formation inside the root canal using haematoxylin‐eosin. The presence and maturation of collagen were evaluated by Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red staining. Immunolabelling analyses of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and osteocalcin (OCN) were performed. The data were submitted to the Mann–Whitney U‐test (p < .05).
Results
There was a similar formation of mineralized tissue in thickness and length in REP‐SS and REP‐F18Co groups (p > .05). Regarding the presence of newly formed soft tissue, most specimens of the REP‐F18Co had tissue formation up to the cervical third of the canal, whilst the REP‐SS specimens showed formation up to the middle third (p < .05), and there was higher maturation of collagen in REP‐F18Co (p < .05). The number of PCNA‐positive cells found in the apical third of the root canal was significantly higher in the F18Co group, as well as the OCN immunolabelling, which was severe in most specimens of REP‐F18Co, and low in most specimens of REP‐SS.
Conclusion
The final irrigation with F18Co bioactive glass solution in REP did not influence mineralized tissue formation but induced soft tissue formation inside the root canals, with higher collagen maturation, and an increase in PCNA‐positive cells and OCN immunolabelling.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of single or multiple apical periodontitis (AP) alters blood cell counts and cytokine production.
Material and methods
Thirty ...rats were divided into three groups: a control group comprising rats without AP, a group called 1AP comprising rats with AP in one tooth, and a group called 4AP comprising rats with AP in four teeth. Endodontic infection was induced by pulp exposure of the first right maxillary molar in the 1AP group or by exposing the first and second right maxillary and mandibular molars in the 4AP group. A blood count and cytokine levels were obtained 30 days after infection by collecting blood by cardiac puncture. The maxillae were dissected and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate the inflammatory infiltrate. The data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis (
P
< 0.05).
Results
Histological analysis showed a predominance of mononuclear inflammatory cells. In blood, significant increase of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in 4AP compared with the control and 1AP groups (
P
< 0.05) was observed. In addition, significant decrease of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in 1AP and 4AP groups compared with the control was observed (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusions
In the rat model, the presence of multiple AP can affect health by increasing lymphocyte and TNF-α levels in the blood.
Clinical relevance
The presence of endodontic infections can interfere with the blood profile, altering systemic health.
Oral health, diabetes, and body weight Cintra, Luciano Tavares Angelo, Dr; Samuel, Renata Oliveira, MSc; Prieto, Annelise Katrine Carrara, MSc ...
Archives of oral biology,
01/2017, Letnik:
73
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Highlights • AP and/or PD decrease body weight of diabetic rats. • AP and/or PD can lead to alterations in the liver of diabetics rats. • PD alone or combined with AP lead to changes in the glucose ...level in diabetic rats.
Abstract Introduction This study evaluated the effect of hypertension on tissue response to and mineralization capacity of white and gray mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (Angelus Industry ...Ontological Products, Londrina, Brazil), an endodontic reparative cement. Methods Polyethylene tubes containing gray MTA, white MTA, or intermediate restorative material (positive control) or an empty tube (negative control) were implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of spontaneous hypertensive and Wistar rats ( n = 12 each). Six rats in each group were sacrificed after 7 days, and the remainder after 30 days. Tubes with surrounding tissue were removed, and a histologic analysis was performed using hematoxylin-eosin and von Kossa staining and examination by polarized light microscopy. Results The inflammatory response to all materials was greater in hypertensive compared with normotensive rats ( P < .05). Positive von Kossa staining and birefringent structures in polarized light were observed for both gray and white MTA ( P > .05), but these were more pronounced in normotensive rats ( P < .05). Necrotic areas with positive von Kossa staining were observed for intermediate restorative material. Conclusions Hypertension undermines tissue repair and mineralization, which can negatively affect treatment outcome. Nonetheless, mineralization in response to MTA was observed even under hypertensive conditions.
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