The British general election of 2005 Clarke, Harold; Sanders, David; Stewart, Marianne ...
Journal of elections, public opinion and parties,
02/2006, Letnik:
16, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Thin polymeric porphyrin films have been prepared by interfacial polymerization of a pair of reactive comonomers, one or both of which are derivatized tetraphenylporphyrins. Combinations that have ...successfully yielded polymeric films include the following: tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin (TAPP) in DMSO with tetrakis(4-(chlorocarbonyl)phenyl)porphyrin (TCCPP) in ethyl acetate, various aliphatic diamines in water with TCCPP in chloroform, various aliphatic diacyl chlorides in hexane with TAPP in DMSO, tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (THPP) in aqueous base with TCCPP in chloroform, and ZnTHPP in aqueous base with CuTCCPP in chloroform. The films display a unique chemical asymmetry, in the sense that opposite surfaces of the films show distinctive differences in the concentration and type of functional groups that are present, demonstrated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by contact angle studies. When placed between identical semitransparent electrodes and irradiated with either broad-band light or a pulsed laser, these films develop directional photopotentials, whereby the film surface that was prepared in contact with the TCCPP solution (the acid surface) develops a more negative potential than the opposite (amine or hydroxyl) surface.
Although time has been recognized as a critical factor in the treatment of other arterial occlusive disorders, it has been an underemphasized variable in the treatment of acute stroke. Animal models ...of cerebral arterial occlusion have demonstrated that neurologic recovery is more likely the shorter the duration of occlusion. Complete recovery does not occur if the occlusion persists more than six hours. Prior trials have only rarely begun treatment within six hours of stroke onset. Over the past five years, we have participated in three stroke trials and have tried to identify factors that lead to delays in treatment. Factors that affect the time from stroke onset to arrival at the hospital include recognition of acute stroke by the patient, prehospital care personnel, and physicians. After arrival at the hospital, factors that can significantly delay treatment include the time to obtain computed tomography and the site of treatment (emergency department vs ICU). With proper attention, the time from patient arrival until treatment should be less than one hour. Future efforts should be directed toward reducing the time from stroke onset until arrival at the hospital. Education of the public, high-risk patients, prehospital care providers, and physicians may aid in these efforts.
In selected patients, malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias have been successfully abolished by excision of subendocardial arrhythmogenic foci. Likewise, in certain patients in whom restrictive ...cardiomyopathy is due to endocardial thickening, endocardial resection has resulted in hemodynamic improvement. The present study was designed to explore the utility, in vitro, of laser photo-ablation of pathologically thickened endocardium. Endocardial photoablation was easily accomplished regardless of etiological or anatomical variations using either the focused beam of a carbon dioxide laser or argon laser light delivered through a 200-μm optical fiber. Photoablation of areas as large as 3.9 × 1.3 cm was performed within 40 seconds. The extent or depth of endocardial photoablation could be limited to 2 mm
2 in area or 1 mm in depth using either form of laser therapy. These in vitro results suggest that either carbon dioxide or argon laser phototherapy can be successfully applied to the surgical treatment of refractory arrhythmias and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Advantages of laser photoablation include speed and precision. Furthermore, laser photoablation obviates the difficulty associated with conventional techniques in establishing tissue planes.
ABSTRACT
Algin/calcium/myofibrillar protein gel interactions were investigated by modifying protein basic amino acids to an unreactive state and evaluating Instron texture profile (TP) of gels. Gels ...analyzed were: 1% algin and 0.075% CaCl2; 1% algin, 0.075% CaCl2 and 1.5% porcine myofibrillar protein (A/C/P); and A/C/P with lysine, histidine or arginine modified. The modification of amino acids reduced (P<0.05) gel TP parameters of hardness, hardness 2, gumminess and chewiness. Similar TP data for protein modified gels indicated that each basic amino acid was involved in algin/protein gelation. Results provided evidence that ionic bonds between protein basic amino acids and algin carboxylate groups may be important for algin/myofibrillar protein gelation.
Experimental debridement of aortic valve calcium by means of laser phototherapy was investigated in vitro. Near-total debridement of calcific deposits observed on pretreatment x-ray films was ...accomplished using carbon-dioxide laser phototherapy. Analysis of liberated photoproducts suggests that debridement is effected by thermal degradation of the surrounding connective tissue envelope and thermal expansion of the calcific nodules. These results suggest that in selected patients with calcific aortic stenosis, it may be possible to perform intraoperative laser-assisted debridement of aortic valve calcium in order to preserve the native aortic valve and thus avoid prosthetic valve replacement.
The Kepler Mission, launched on Mar 6, 2009 was designed with the explicit capability to detect Earth-size planets in the habitable zone of solar-like stars using the transit photometry method. ...Results from just forty-three days of data along with ground-based follow-up observations have identified five new transiting planets with measurements of their masses, radii, and orbital periods. Many aspects of stellar astrophysics also benefit from the unique, precise, extended and nearly continuous data set for a large number and variety of stars. Early results for classical variables and eclipsing stars show great promise. To fully understand the methodology, processes and eventually the results from the mission, we present the underlying rationale that ultimately led to the flight and ground system designs used to achieve the exquisite photometric performance. As an example of the initial photometric results, we present variability measurements that can be used to distinguish dwarf stars from red giants.
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