Aim To examine the uniqueness and relationship of islands in the San Diegan Province using reef fishes. Location Pacific coast of Baja and Southern California. Methods Quantitative scuba surveys and ...statistics were used. Between June 2000 and August 2002, the nearshore rocky-reef fishes of eight southern California and Baja California islands were quantitatively surveyed. The islands surveyed were: Santa Cruz, San Nicolas, Santa Barbara, Santa Catalina, San Clemente, North Coronado, San Martin and San Benito. These islands span the latitudinal range of offshore islands within the San Diegan marine province. This regional scale approach provided not only the first quantitative description of rocky-reef fishes at five of these islands, but also allowed comparisons with known biogeographical patterns. Results Here we discuss the distribution and abundance of 84 conspicuous rocky-reef fishes from 35 families. In general, the richness, diversity and composition of fish assemblages at these islands were found to reflect previously described biogeographical processes. The rocky reef fish assemblages of all islands in the survey were found to be significantly distinctive form each other. Phenetic analyses revealed two clusters. San Clemente, Santa Catalina and North Coronado clustered as a warm-water assemblage in the middle of the San Diegan Province. The remaining islands grouped together as a cold-water assemblage, despite the geographically disjunct position of the islands within this cluster. The relatedness of islands was independent of distance. Examination of the most common fish species at all islands revealed that while some conformed to the north-south trending density distributions predicted by previous investigators, the distribution of others could not be explained by latitude or temperature regimes. No single pattern explained the density of fishes at all islands. Both the rock croaker, Pareques sp., and flag cabrilla, Epinephelus labriformis, were observed at San Benito during these surveys, representing northern range extensions and may be indicators of the warming trend observed in this marine province. Main conclusion For nearshore rocky-reef fishes, the islands of the San Diegan marine province are distinct and their interrelatedness is independent of the distance between them.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To establish a pathoepidemiological model to evaluate the role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first 10 companion animals that died while infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the US.
ANIMALS
...10 cats and dogs that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and died or were euthanized in the US between March 2020 and January 2021.
PROCEDURES
A standardized algorithm was developed to direct case investigations, determine the necessity of certain diagnostic procedures, and evaluate the role, if any, that SARS-CoV-2 infection played in the animals’ course of disease and death. Using clinical and diagnostic information collected by state animal health officials, state public health veterinarians, and other state and local partners, this algorithm was applied to each animal case.
RESULTS
SARS-CoV-2 was an incidental finding in 8 animals, was suspected to have contributed to the severity of clinical signs leading to euthanasia in 1 dog, and was the primary reason for death for 1 cat.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This report provides the global community with a standardized process for directing case investigations, determining the necessity of certain diagnostic procedures, and determining the clinical significance of SARS-CoV-2 infections in animals with fatal outcomes and provides evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can, in rare circumstances, cause or contribute to death in pets.
Vascular dysfunction and capillary leak are common in critically ill COVID-19 patients, but identification of endothelial pathways involved in COVID-19 pathogenesis has been limited. ...Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is a protein secreted in response to hypoxic and nutrient-poor conditions that has a variety of biological effects including vascular injury and capillary leak.
To assess the role of ANGPTL4 in COVID-19-related outcomes.
Two hundred twenty-five COVID-19 ICU patients were enrolled from April 2020 to May 2021 in a prospective, multicenter cohort study from three different medical centers, University of Washington, University of Southern California and New York University.
Plasma ANGPTL4 was measured on days 1, 7, and 14 after ICU admission. We used previously published tissue proteomic data and lung single nucleus RNA (snRNA) sequencing data from specimens collected from COVID-19 patients to determine the tissues and cells that produce ANGPTL4.
Higher plasma ANGPTL4 concentrations were significantly associated with worse hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio per log
increase, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.17-2.00;
= 0.002). Higher ANGPTL4 concentrations were also associated with higher proportions of venous thromboembolism and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Longitudinal ANGPTL4 concentrations were significantly different during the first 2 weeks of hospitalization in patients who subsequently died compared with survivors (
for interaction = 8.1 × 10
). Proteomics analysis demonstrated abundance of ANGPTL4 in lung tissue compared with other organs in COVID-19.
single-nuclear RNA gene expression was significantly increased in pulmonary alveolar type 2 epithelial cells and fibroblasts in COVID-19 lung tissue compared with controls.
ANGPTL4 is expressed in pulmonary epithelial cells and fibroblasts and is associated with clinical prognosis in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Hispanics in America in 2000 Durand, Jorge; Massey, Douglas S; Charvet, Fernando ...
Social science quarterly,
03/2000, Letnik:
81, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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