Background Inflammation induces some structural and biochemical alterations and oxidative damage in gastric tissue. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship among the severity of ...symptoms, oxidative stress, and grading scales of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric inflammation in functional dyspepsia. Methods Thirty-five patients with functional dyspepsia were enrolled in the study. The severity of dyspepsia within the last 6 months was evaluated by Glasgow Dyspepsia Severity Score. In biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa, severity of gastritis was estimated by the revised Sydney Classification System, and oxidative stress parameters were studied. Results Although there was no statistically significant relationship between symptom scores and degree of chronic inflammation, a tendency for symptoms to be more severe has been observed in low levels of gastritis. Levels of sulfhydryl groups were lower in subjects with high levels of chronic inflammation, and Helicobacter pylori intensity (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). Levels of malondialdehyde were higher in subjects with high levels of chronic inflammation (P = 0.04). There was a statistically significant but a weak positive correlation between symptom scores and sulfhydryl levels (P < 0.001, r = 0.323). Conclusions In conclusion, there may be an inverse relation between severity of symptoms and level of Helicobacter pylori induced gastric inflammation or oxidative stress in patients with functional dyspepsia.
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) has episodic or subclinical inflammation that may lead to a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of FMF on bone ...metabolism and to investigate the factors that can influence bone metabolism, such as body mass index (BMI), mutations in Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene, osteoprotegerin (OPG), leptin and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). OPG, a soluble protein produced by osteoblasts, favors increased bone mass. Leptin may influence bone metabolism by acting on differentiated osteoblasts, having anabolic effects on bone. Thirty-one FMF patients in attack-free period (12 females and 19 males; mean age 31.4 ± 9.3 years) and 18 healthy controls (11 females and 7 males; mean age 34.6 ± 9.5 years) were compared according to the above parameters. BMD (g/cm2) and standard deviation scores (Z-score) were measured at the lumbar spine L1-L4 (BMD-L1-4) and proximal femur by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Osteopenia is defined as a Z-score between −1 and −2.5 and osteoporosis is equal or below −2.5. FMF patients showed statistically significant reduction in BMD-L1-4 and Z-score-L1-4. Moreover, serum OPG concentration was significantly elevated in FMF patiens. In contrast, MEFV gene mutations, leptin and the inflammatory cytokines did not differ between the patient and control groups. In conclusion, BMD was decreased and OPG was increased in our FMF patients. The high OPG levels may reflect a preventive mechanism against bone loss; namely, OPG might protect the FMF patients from excessive osteoporosis.
Obesity is associated with insulin resistance, which is the main pathogenic factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD can progress without associated elevations in liver enzymes. ...Therefore, we investigated the effects of weight loss on normal transaminase levels in obese subjects who are at risk for NAFLD.
Thirty-seven obese patients with normal ALT levels were evaluated. All patients received an individualized low-calorie diet over at least 6 months. Twenty-two patients who achieved weight loss of at least 5% body weight were identified as the study group and the others as the control group. Transaminases, insulin resistance, and body mass index were compared before and after the intervention.
Hepatic steatosis was found in 83.8% of obese patients. ALT was correlated with HOMA-IR in all patients at baseline (r = 0.363, P = 0.027). At the end of the follow-up, mean weight loss achieved in the study and control groups were 9.2% (8.7 +/- 3.0 kg) and 0.3% (0.5 +/- 2.8 kg), respectively. In the study group, HOMA-IR and ALT decreased from 4.0 +/- 1.8 to 2.4 +/- 0.9 and from 21.4 +/- 6.6 IU/L to 16.8 +/- 5.5 IU/L, respectively (P = 0.005 and P = 0.044).
The results demonstrate that weight loss results in a decrease in normal ALT levels as well as insulin resistance. Therefore, the normal range for ALT may need to be reassessed.
Background
The effects of diabetes on the respiratory system were investigated with arterial blood gas, sleep quality index and respiratory functions tests.
Methods
Fifty‐three patients with type II ...diabetes and 41 healthy cases were included. Their biochemical data, demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and echocardiographic findings were collected from polyclinic records. Respiratory function tests were performed for all subjects and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire was conducted. Aforementioned data were compared between these two groups.
Results
The age, body weight and body mass index were similar but oxygen pressure, oxygen saturation, forced vital capacity (FVC; %), and sleep quality were decreased in patients with diabetes. Sleep quality was correlated with the presence of diabetes and hypertension, duration of diabetes, fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, homeostasis model of assessment‐insulin resistance, Glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and FVC. Half of the diabetic patients exhibited respiratory failure during sleep. Especially diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy, experienced a more severe and prolonged decrease in oxygen saturation.
Conclusions
Blood gas, respiratory functions and sleep quality, which need to be evaluated as a whole, were affected in patients with diabetes. Assessment of sleep and its quality requires special attention in patients with diabetes.
摘要
背景：
使用动脉血气、睡眠质量指数以及呼吸功能试验来调查糖尿病对呼吸系统的影响。
方法：
入组了53名2型糖尿病患者与41名健康对照者。从医院记录中收集他们的生化数据、人口统计学特征、人体测量学指标以及超声心动图结果。所有的受试者都要进行呼吸功能试验，并且还要指导他们完成匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷。在两组间比较以上提及的各项数据。
结果：
两组的年龄、体重以及体重指数都相类似，但是糖尿病患者的氧分压、氧饱和度、最大肺活量（FVC；%）以及睡眠质量都明显下降。睡眠质量与存在糖尿病、高血压、糖尿病病程、空腹与餐后血糖水平、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗、糖化血红蛋白水平以及FVC之间都有相关性。有一半的糖尿病患者睡眠期间出现了呼吸衰竭。特别是合并自主神经病变的糖尿病患者，他们的氧饱和度下降得更严重并且持续时间更长。
结论：
糖尿病患者的血气、呼吸功能以及睡眠质量受到了影响，它们需要被作为一个整体来评估。在评估睡眠及其质量时需要特别关注糖尿病患者。
Sleep disturbances such as sleep-onset insomnia, frequent awakening, sleep-maintenance insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are extremely common in hemodialysis patient. Those additional problems to ...their chronic disease appear to have significant negative effects on quality of life and functional health status. This study was intended to evaluate the sleep quality and to identify of hemodialysis patients. Ninety-four patients on hemodialysis (45 females, 49 males) were admitted into this study. "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index" was administered to all patients to evaluate their sleep quality. Their mean age and duration of hemodialysis was 49.7 +/- 16.5 years and 31.5 (3-192) month. Sleep quality was determined as poorer (global score >or= 5) in 65 (69.1%) people. Older people and female incidence were significantly higher in patients with poorer sleep quality (p= 0.044 and p= 0.009 respectively). There was no significant difference in other parameter. Sleep quality and related parameters compared. There was not strong but significant relation between poor sleep quality with age, female gender, and hemoglobin (rs= 0.284 p= 0.006, rs= 0.301 p= 0.003 and rs= -0.216 p= 0.037 respectively). Logistic regression analyses showed independent effects of female gender on poor sleep quality. In conclusion, sleep quality had been impaired in patients with chronic hemodialysis, especially in women. Therefore, evaluation of the sleep quality of hemodialysis patients during clinical practice must be taken into consideration. Being able to find out the related factors with sleep disorders, advanced study supported with polysomnography must be done.
Abstract
Background
The effects of diabetes on the respiratory system were investigated with arterial blood gas, sleep quality index and respiratory functions tests.
Methods
Fifty‐three patients with ...type
II
diabetes and 41 healthy cases were included. Their biochemical data, demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and echocardiographic findings were collected from polyclinic records. Respiratory function tests were performed for all subjects and
P
ittsburgh
S
leep
Q
uality
I
ndex questionnaire was conducted. Aforementioned data were compared between these two groups.
Results
The age, body weight and body mass index were similar but oxygen pressure, oxygen saturation, forced vital capacity (
FVC
; %), and sleep quality were decreased in patients with diabetes. Sleep quality was correlated with the presence of diabetes and hypertension, duration of diabetes, fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, homeostasis model of assessment‐insulin resistance,
G
lycosylated hemoglobin levels, and
FVC
. Half of the diabetic patients exhibited respiratory failure during sleep. Especially diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy, experienced a more severe and prolonged decrease in oxygen saturation.
Conclusions
Blood gas, respiratory functions and sleep quality, which need to be evaluated as a whole, were affected in patients with diabetes. Assessment of sleep and its quality requires special attention in patients with diabetes.
摘要
背景：
使用动脉血气、睡眠质量指数以及呼吸功能试验来调查糖尿病对呼吸系统的影响。
方法：
入组了53名2型糖尿病患者与41名健康对照者。从医院记录中收集他们的生化数据、人口统计学特征、人体测量学指标以及超声心动图结果。所有的受试者都要进行呼吸功能试验，并且还要指导他们完成匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷。在两组间比较以上提及的各项数据。
结果：
两组的年龄、体重以及体重指数都相类似，但是糖尿病患者的氧分压、氧饱和度、最大肺活量（FVC；%）以及睡眠质量都明显下降。睡眠质量与存在糖尿病、高血压、糖尿病病程、空腹与餐后血糖水平、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗、糖化血红蛋白水平以及FVC之间都有相关性。有一半的糖尿病患者睡眠期间出现了呼吸衰竭。特别是合并自主神经病变的糖尿病患者，他们的氧饱和度下降得更严重并且持续时间更长。
结论：
糖尿病患者的血气、呼吸功能以及睡眠质量受到了影响，它们需要被作为一个整体来评估。在评估睡眠及其质量时需要特别关注糖尿病患者。
Background The effects of diabetes on the respiratory system were investigated with arterial blood gas, sleep quality index and respiratory functions tests. Methods Fifty-three patients with type II ...diabetes and 41 healthy cases were included. Their biochemical data, demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and echocardiographic findings were collected from polyclinic records. Respiratory function tests were performed for all subjects and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire was conducted. Aforementioned data were compared between these two groups. Results The age, body weight and body mass index were similar but oxygen pressure, oxygen saturation, forced vital capacity (FVC; %), and sleep quality were decreased in patients with diabetes. Sleep quality was correlated with the presence of diabetes and hypertension, duration of diabetes, fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance, Glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and FVC. Half of the diabetic patients exhibited respiratory failure during sleep. Especially diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy, experienced a more severe and prolonged decrease in oxygen saturation. Conclusions Blood gas, respiratory functions and sleep quality, which need to be evaluated as a whole, were affected in patients with diabetes. Assessment of sleep and its quality requires special attention in patients with diabetes.
Novel approach for the prevention of contrast nephropathy Colbay, Mehmet; Yuksel, Seref; Uslan, Ihsan ...
Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft für Toxikologische Pathologie,
2010, 2010-Jan, 2010-1-00, 20100101, Letnik:
62, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
To date, there is no effective treatment of contrast medium (CM)-induced nephropathy. Multiple studies documented a protective role of hydration and N-acetylcystein (NAC) as prophylactic agents ...against CM-induced nephropathy in a high-risk population. In the present study, we investigated a new antioxidant agent, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and compare with NAC against contrast nephropathy.
Forty-two adult male rats were divided into six experimental groups, which were control, injected with intravenous (i.v.) CM, injected with i.p. CAPE, injected with i.p. NAC, injected with i.v. CM pretreated with i.p. CAPE, injected with i.v. CM pretreated with i.p. NAC. CAPE and NAC were given daily throughout the study. All rats were deprived of water for 24
h at the third day of the study and then contrast medium was administered to CM, CAPECM and NACCM groups. The rats were sacrificed at the fifth day. Oxidant–antioxidant status was determined in renal tissues. The severity of injury was scored with a light microscope in renal tissue. Plasma creatinine levels were measured.
Renal injury scores were higher in CAPECM and NACCM groups than in control, CAPE and NAC groups, but lower than the CM group. Likewise, creatinine levels of CAPECM and NACCM groups were higher than the control groups but they were significantly lower than the level of the CM group. Creatinine levels of the NACCM group were significantly higher than the CAPECM group. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower in CAPECM and NACCM groups than the CM group.
CAPE might protect renal structure and functions as well as NAC against CM injury.
Abstract We sought to evaluate the effects of diabetes on the physical properties of the patellar and quadriceps tendons using radiological techniques. Twenty-seven diabetic and 34 nondiabetic ...patients with primary osteoarthritis of the right knee were studied. All patients had anteroposterior and lateral knee radiographs. The lengths of the patella and the patellar tendon were measured. The width and thickness of the patellar tendon were determined by ultrasound (US) examination at midpoint. The increase in the thickness of the patellar tendon sheath was graded qualitatively. The length of the quadriceps and patellar tendons, and the thickness and width of tendons in midlength were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Buckling of tendons and increase in intensities were also evaluated. The mean age in the diabetic group was 57.6±10.1 years, and the mean age in the control group was 52.6±9.1 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 104.1±67.1 months. X-ray, US, and MRI measurements did not reveal any differences between the two groups. Quadriceps buckling was more prevalent in diabetic patients ( P =.025). In both groups, the width of the patellar tendon was greater in men than in women ( P =.001). In conclusion, we found no significant structural changes in the patellar and quadriceps tendons in diabetic patients in midterm. On MRI examination, the quadriceps tendons had more buckling in diabetic patients.
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