The metabolism of the bactericide N-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrachlorophthalamic acid, techlofthalam, has been studied, under controlled conditions, in paddy soil and after application to rice ...plants by using the super(14)C-labeled compound. Reductive dechlorination of the tetrachlorophthalamic acid moiety was shown to be the major degradative pathway in paddy soil stored in laboratory flasks. Monodechlorinated products were detected after 2 weeks of incubation, and after 32 weeks more than 90% of the extractable radioactivity, equivalent to about 30% of the applied radioactivity, was associated with two or possibly more monodechlorinated products. Nine percent of the applied radioactivity was converted to super(14)CO sub(2) during 32 weeks. The imide of techlofthalam was a minor metabolite in paddy soil but was the major transformation product detected in rice leaves treated with ( super(14)C)techlofthalam.
1. Oral doses of 14Csalicylidene benzylamine were well absorbed by rats and dogs and excreted mainly in the urine (92% dose by rat in 24 h and 84% by dog in 48 h).
2. After 50,100 and 300 mg/kg oral ...doses to rats, peak mean plasma 14C concn. (mainly salicylic acid) of 77,243 and 396 μg equiv./ml respectively were reached between 2 and 4 h and maintained at this level until about 7.5 h. 14C was cleared more rapidly from the plasma of male rats than from that of female rats. After 44, 85 and 300 mg/kg oral doses to dogs, peak mean plasma 14C concn. (mainly salicylic acid) of 114, 194 and 320 μg equiv. ml respectively were reached at 4 h and then declined with a half-life of 6-7 h.
3. Tissue 14C concn. in both species were greatest at the times of peak plasma 14C concn., but in general were lower than those in the corresponding plasma.
4. The major components in rat and dog urine were salicyl alcohol, salicylic acid and salicyluric acid, the first two being excreted partly as glucuronic acid/sulphate conjugates. After initial hydrolysis of salicylidene benzylamine to salicylaldehyde, approximately equal amounts were reduced and oxidized to the corresponding alcohol and acid respectively.
The Winter Foods of Some Indiana Owls Kirkpatrick, Charles M.; Conway, Clinton H.
The American midland naturalist,
11/1947, Letnik:
38, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Some winter foods of four species of owls are reported for Tippecanoe County, Indiana A total of 430 complete pellets were examined plus 139 whole or part pellets of the long-eared owl. In the ...aggregate remains of 1098 prey items were noted of which 1046 items or 95.2 percent of the total were small mammals. Of these there was a marked preponderance of Microtus o. ochrogaster comprising 557 individuals or 50.7 percent of all the food items. This species was locally very abundant at the time when most of the owl pellets were being produced. Including an improbable maximum of 43 cottontails, remains of only 45 game species were found which were 4.1 percent of all the prey. Although the pellets were collected from localities which supported altogether 23 owls of four species, the great horned owls accounted for 42 of the game species. Therefore, it is concluded that for the period and place which this study embraces, general owl predation upon game species was negligible. The great horned owl predation upon field-living Norway rats is noted as beneficial to human interests.
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