L’insuffisance rénale chronique se définit comme une incapacité du rein à assurer ses fonctions normales et qui persiste au-delà de trois mois. De nos jours, le débit de filtration glomérulaire ...estimé par les formules se basant sur le dosage de la créatininémie reste le gold standard pour évaluer la fonction rénale. À Madagascar, nous ne disposons pas encore de données nationales concernant l’épidémiologie de cette pathologie probablement liée en partie à la complexité de la réalisation du dosage de la créatininémie. La disponibilité récente des dosages de la créatininémie capillaire évaluée à partir d’un créatinomètre utilisant une bandelette réactive de créatinine a permis de faciliter la détermination du taux de la créatininémie dans les études épidémiologiques.
Cette procédure simple nous a permis de planifier une étude pilote à Antananarivo, la capitale de Madagascar. L’objectif principal était d’évaluer la prévalence de l’insuffisance rénale déterminée à partir de la créatininémie prélevée sur sang capillaire. L’objectif secondaire était de déterminer les facteurs associés à l’insuffisance rénale chronique à Madagascar. Il s’agit d’une étude transversale analytique réalisée pendant une période de trois mois. L’insuffisance rénale chronique se définit comme une baisse du débit de filtration glomérulaire de la créatininémie <60mL/min/1,73m2 calculé à partir de la formule du Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI). Le nombre minimum de sujets enquêtés a été évalué et fixé à 210 personnes. Un échantillonnage en grappe a été effectué pour la randomisation des participants.
Au terme de l’étude, 210 personnes ont été randomisées pour le dépistage. L’âge moyen était de 40 ans, avec un écart type de 14,9 ans. Le sex-ratio homme/femme était de 1,76. La prévalence de l’insuffisance rénale potentiellement chronique était de 13,8 %, avec des valeurs extrêmes de 9,1 et de 18,5. Chez les sujets ayant une insuffisance rénale chronique, l’hypertension artérielle et le diabète étaient retrouvés respectivement dans 41,3 et 17,2 % des cas. Elle touchait essentiellement les sujets âgés de 25 à 54 ans (72,4 % des cas).
Il s’agit d’une première étude en Afrique pour dépister l’insuffisance rénale chronique à partir d’une bandelette réactive de créatinine. Cette prévalence est relativement différente comparée aux autres pays africains. La limite de l’étude était l’absence d’un contrôle ultérieur et/ou double contrôle de la créatininémie qui permet définitivement de confirmer le caractère chronique de l’atteinte rénale et l’absence d’évaluation des sédiments urinaires pour déterminer la protéinurie. Néanmoins, les résultats de notre étude peuvent servir de données dans l’attente d’une étude multicentrique. Afin de statuer la prévalence nationale de l’insuffisance rénale, le dépistage dans les six provinces est actuellement en cours.
Chronic kidney disease is defined as an inability of the kidney to perform its normal functions and which persists beyond three months. Nowadays, the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on plasmatic creatinine level remains the gold standard to assess renal function. In Madagascar, we miss national data concerning the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease probably due to the complexity of carrying out the serum creatinine assays. The recent availability of creatinometer using a creatinine strip test with capillary creatinine facilitated the determination of the creatinine level in epidemiological study.
This simple technique allowed us to plan a pilot study in Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar. The main objective was to assess the prevalence of chronic kidney disease determined from capillary creatinine level. The secondary objective was to determine the factors associated with chronic kidney disease in Madagascar. It is an analytical cross-sectional study over a period of three months. Chronic kidney disease is defined as a decrease of the glomerular filtration rate of capillary creatinine less than 60mL/min/1.73m2 and calculated with Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology formula (CKD-EPI). The minimum number of studied population has been assessed and settled at 210 people. Cluster sampling was performed for randomization of participants.
At the end of the study, 210 people were randomized for screening. The average age was 40 years old with 14.9 as standard deviation. The sex ratio (male/female) was 1.76. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease was 13.8% with extreme values of 9,1 and 18.5. With chronic kidney disease, high blood pressure (hypertension) and diabetes were found respectively in 41.3 and 17.2%. Chronic kidney disease affected mainly in 72.4% of population aged 25 to 54 years old.
This is the first study in Africa to screen chronic kidney disease using a creatinine strip test. This prevalence is relatively different compared to other African countries. The limits of the study are the absence of a subsequent control and/or double control of the creatinine, which definitively confirms the chronicity of kidney disease, the absence evaluation of the urinary sediments to determine proteinuria. Nevertheless, the results of our study can be used as data awaiting the results of a multicenter studies. To determine the national prevalence of chronic kidney disease, screening in the six provinces is currently in progress.
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is defined as an inability of the kidney to perform its normal functions and which persists beyond three months. Nowadays, the estimated glomerular filtration ...rate based on plasmatic creatinine level remains the gold standard to assess renal function. In Madagascar, we miss national data concerning the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease probably due to the complexity of carrying out the serum creatinine assays. The recent availability of creatinometer using a creatinine strip test with capillary creatinine facilitated the determination of the creatinine level in epidemiological study. Patients and methods: This simple technique allowed us to plan a pilot study in Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar. The main objective was to assess the prevalence of chronic kidney disease determined from capillary creatinine level. The secondary objective was to determine the factors associated with chronic kidney disease in Madagascar. It is an analytical cross-sectional study over a period of three months. Chronic kidney disease is defined as a decrease of the glomerular filtration rate of capillary creatinine less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and calculated with Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology formula (CKD-EPI). The minimum number of studied population has been assessed and settled at 210 people. Cluster sampling was performed for randomization of participants. Results: At the end of the study, 210 people were randomized for screening. The average age was 40 years old with 14.9 as standard deviation. The sex ratio (male/female) was 1.76. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease was 13.8% with extreme values of 9,1 and 18.5. With chronic kidney disease, high blood pressure (hypertension) and diabetes were found respectively in 41.3 and 17.2%. Chronic kidney disease affected mainly in 72.4% of population aged 25 to 54 years old. Conclusion: This is the first study in Africa to screen chronic kidney disease using a creatinine strip test. This prevalence is relatively different compared to other African countries. The limits of the study are the absence of a subsequent control and/or double control of the creatinine, which definitively confirms the chronicity of kidney disease, the absence evaluation of the urinary sediments to determine proteinuria. Nevertheless, the results of our study can be used as data awaiting the results of a multicenter studies. To determine the national prevalence of chronic kidney disease, screening in the six provinces is currently in progress.
Chronic kidney disease is defined as an inability of the kidney to perform its normal functions and which persists beyond three months. Nowadays, the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on ...plasmatic creatinine level remains the gold standard to assess renal function. In Madagascar, we miss national data concerning the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease probably due to the complexity of carrying out the serum creatinine assays. The recent availability of creatinometer using a creatinine strip test with capillary creatinine facilitated the determination of the creatinine level in epidemiological study.
This simple technique allowed us to plan a pilot study in Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar. The main objective was to assess the prevalence of chronic kidney disease determined from capillary creatinine level. The secondary objective was to determine the factors associated with chronic kidney disease in Madagascar. It is an analytical cross-sectional study over a period of three months. Chronic kidney disease is defined as a decrease of the glomerular filtration rate of capillary creatinine less than 60mL/min/1.73m
and calculated with Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology formula (CKD-EPI). The minimum number of studied population has been assessed and settled at 210 people. Cluster sampling was performed for randomization of participants.
At the end of the study, 210 people were randomized for screening. The average age was 40 years old with 14.9 as standard deviation. The sex ratio (male/female) was 1.76. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease was 13.8% with extreme values of 9,1 and 18.5. With chronic kidney disease, high blood pressure (hypertension) and diabetes were found respectively in 41.3 and 17.2%. Chronic kidney disease affected mainly in 72.4% of population aged 25 to 54 years old.
This is the first study in Africa to screen chronic kidney disease using a creatinine strip test. This prevalence is relatively different compared to other African countries. The limits of the study are the absence of a subsequent control and/or double control of the creatinine, which definitively confirms the chronicity of kidney disease, the absence evaluation of the urinary sediments to determine proteinuria. Nevertheless, the results of our study can be used as data awaiting the results of a multicenter studies. To determine the national prevalence of chronic kidney disease, screening in the six provinces is currently in progress.
Design et Transmédia : le croisement des disciplines de SHS (lleom), laboratorio de literaturas extendidas y otras materialidades; Amine, Sennouni; Ben Abdallah, Nabil ...
Revue française des sciences de l'information et de la communication,
01/2017
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Cette dixième livraison de la revue RFSIC propose un dossier Design et Transmédia. Ce dossier est important car il s’inscrit délibérément dans le croisement de notre discipline avec un autre secteur ...: le Design. Il est vrai que tous les objets communiquent, particulièrement les objets construits, comme ceux de l’architecture, parfois au sens le plus trivial du terme. Que l’on pense, par exemple, à la tour Burj Khalifa à Dubaï. Comme à l’hôtel Bellagio à Las Vegas, la société WET Design a installé un système de fontaines qui s’animent lors des spectacles façon son et lumière. Toutes les demi-heures à partir de 18 h, ces fontaines se mettent à danser, sur une longueur de 275 mètres et sur une hauteur pouvant atteindre 150 mètres. Le spectacle est différent à chaque fois par ses mouvements, ses couleurs et ses musiques : un air d’opéra interprété par Andrea Bocelli, un chant oriental ou une chanson swahili… en savoir +
This study was conducted to identify the most rate-limiting amino acids for whole-body protein synthesis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. We postulated that an essential amino ...acid that would be rate limiting in AIDS should have a low basal plasma concentration and should remain at a low level during amino acid infusion. Seven male AIDS patients (median age 37 y, CD4 cell count: 76 mm-3) without any clinically active opportunistic infection during the month therefore the experiment were infused intravenously with a complete amino acid-glucose mixture for 2.5 h. Eight healthy volunteers were used as controls. Before the infusion, the concentrations of most free essential amino acids (methionine, threonine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine and tryptophan) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in AIDS patients than in controls. Most plasma free essential amino acids increased significantly during infusion. However, the absolute increase above basal levels for threonine, valine, lysine, (P < 0.05) and methionine (P < 0.073) was smaller in AIDS patients than in control subjects. Thus, threonine and possibly methionine may be rate limiting for whole-body protein synthesis in AIDS patients, suggesting that there are selective amino acid requirements in patients with AIDS.
Sans fanfaronner exagérément, il faut bien reconnaître en préambule que les sciences de l’information et de la communication (SIC) ont de longue date développé des théories et des paradigmes qui ...permettent de saisir et d’analyser les enjeux sociaux liés au « numérique » (numérisation, informatisation, TIC). Qu’il s’agisse des travaux ayant souligné les implications des systèmes d’information informatisés dans l’organisation du travail, ceux portant sur les mutations médiatiques de la communication, ceux analysant les relations entre technique et société à travers les usages des dispositifs d’information et de communication, ceux interrogeant les discours de la société de l’information, ceux abordant les industries culturelles et médiatiques ou bien encore, les recherches analysant les médiations liées à la numérisation documentaire. Au-delà des enjeux liés au numérique ou à ceux de la numérisation croissante des activités de médiation, la question de l’artefactualité technique, impliquée par toute transmission ou transformation d’informations ou de connaissances, est depuis la fin des années 70 une question essentielle des SIC. En savoir +
This study was conducted to identify the most rate-limiting amino acids for whole-body protein synthesis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. We postulated that an essential amino ...acid that would be rate limiting in AIDS should have a low basal plasma concentration and should remain at a low level during amino acid infusion. Seven male AIDS patients (median age 37 y, CD4 cell count: 76 mm−3) without any clinically active opportunistic infection during the month before the experiment were infused intravenously with a complete amino acid-glucose mixture for 2.5 h. Eight healthy volunteers were used as controls. Before the infusion, the concentrations of most free essential amino acids (methionine, threonine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine and tryptophan) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in AIDS patients than in controls. Most plasma free essential amino acids increased significantly during infusion. However, the absolute increase above basal levels for threonine, valine, lysine, (P < 0.05) and methionine (P < 0.073) was smaller in AIDS patients than in control subjects. Thus, threonine and possibly methionine may be rate limiting for whole-body protein synthesis in AIDS patients, suggesting that there are selective amino acid requirements in patients with AIDS.
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