Motivational interviewing (MI) is a popular evidence-based method to support health behavior change. We examined evaluations from 10 years of interprofessional workshops on MI to identify trends in ...trainees’ MI-related knowledge, attitude, and behavior. From 2006 to 2015, 394 trainees participated in continuing education MI workshops with our team and completed a validated posttraining questionnaire. Participants were 90% female and 66% White, with M = 12 years in practice. They worked in pediatric and adult care; urban and rural locations; and inpatient, outpatient, and nonhealth settings. The largest groups were nurses (20%), allied health professionals (20%), and health educators or case managers (15%). Trainees’ professional diversity increased over time, their average age and years in practice decreased, and the percentage with prior MI training increased. Practitioners in telehealth and nonhealth settings had lower scores overall. Outcomes varied significantly by professional discipline: Mental health professionals, case managers, health educators, and nurses had higher scores on some outcome variables than nonhealth professionals. Years of clinical experience predicted MI-consistent attitude, but prior training, other demographic variables, and training process variations had no consistent effects. Although many trainees had already received MI training, outcome measures showed room for improvement. MI presents continued opportunities for interprofessional education.
We sought to integrate a brief computer and counseling support intervention into the routine practices of HIV clinics and evaluate effects on patients' viral loads. The project targeted HIV patients ...in care whose viral loads exceeded 1000 copies/ml at the
time
of recruitment. Three HIV clinics initiated the intervention immediately, and three other HIV clinics delayed onset for 16 months and served as concurrent controls for evaluating outcomes. The intervention components included a brief computer-based intervention (CBI) focused on antiretroviral therapy adherence; health coaching from project counselors for participants whose viral loads did not improve after doing the CBI; and behavioral screening and palm cards with empowering messages available to all patients at intervention clinics regardless of viral load level. The analytic cohort included 982 patients at intervention clinics and 946 patients at control clinics. Viral loads were assessed at 270 days before recruitment, at time of recruitment, and +270 days later. Results indicated that both the control and intervention groups had significant reductions in viral load, ending with approximately the same viral level at +270 days. There was no evidence that the CBI or the targeted health coaching was responsible for the viral reduction in the intervention group. Results may stem partially from statistical regression to the mean in both groups. Also, clinical providers at control and intervention clinics may have taken action (e.g., conversations with patients, referrals to case managers, adherence counselors, mental health, substance use specialists) to help their patients reduce their viral loads. In conclusion, neither a brief computer-based nor targeted health coaching intervention reduced patients' viral loads beyond levels achieved with standard of care services available to patients at well-resourced HIV clinics.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Purpose: The authors determined the prevalence of smoking among Arab immigrants living in Colorado. The authors also evaluated the relationship between acculturation and tobacco use, including both ...cigarettes and hookah among Arab immigrants. Method: A cross-sectional survey of 100 adult Arab immigrants living in Colorado was carried out. Results: The results revealed that 19% of the study participants were current cigarette smokers and 21% were current hookah smokers. Participants who were more integrated into Arab culture were more likely to use tobacco products (p = .03) and to have family members (p = .02) and friends who use tobacco products (p = .007). Conclusions: Acculturation plays a major role in affecting the health habits of Arab immigrants living in Colorado, especially in the area of hookah smoking. Implications for Practice: Understanding some culturally relevant predictors of tobacco use might assist health care providers in designing successful smoking cessation programs.
Second read Marcus, James; Marcus, James; and the Staff of the Columbia Journalism Review, eds
2012., 20111108, 2011, 2011-11-08
eBook
TheColumbia Journalism Review's Second Read series features distinguished journalists revisiting key works of reportage. Launched in 2004 by John Palattella, who was then editor of the magazine's ...book section, the series also allows authors address such ongoing concerns as the conflict between narrative flair and accurate reporting, the legacy of New Journalism, the need for reporters to question their political assumptions, the limitations of participatory journalism, and the temptation to substitute "truthiness" for hard, challenging fact. Representing a wide range of views,Second Readembodies the diversity and dynamism of contemporary nonfiction while offering fresh perspectives on works by Norman Mailer, Tom Wolfe, Rachel Carson, and Gabriel García Márquez, among others. It also highlights pivotal moments and movements in journalism as well as the innovations of award-winning writers.
Essays include Rick Perlstein on Paul Cowan'sThe Tribes of America; Nicholson Baker on Daniel Defoe'sA Journal of the Plague Year; Dale Maharidge on James Agee'sLet Us Now Praise Famous Men; Marla Cone on Rachel Carson'sSilent Spring; Ben Yagoda on Walter Bernstein'sKeep Your Head Down; Ted Conover on Stanley Booth'sThe True Adventures of the Rolling Stones; Jack Shafer on Tom Wolfe'sThe Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test; Connie Schultz on Michael Herr'sDispatches; Michael Shapiro on Cornelius Ryan'sThe Longest Day; Douglas McCollam on John McPhee'sAnnals of the Former World; Tom Piazza on Norman Mailer'sArmies of the Night; Thomas Mallon on William Manchester'sThe Death of a President; Miles Corwin on Gabriel García Márquez'sThe Story of a Shipwrecked Sailor; David Ulin on Joan Didion'sSlouching Toward Bethlehem; and Claire Dederer on Betty MacDonald'sAnybody Can Do Anything.
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