The precise molecular pathogenesis of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is still unknown. Clinical and epidemiological data suggest that chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may have an ...etiological role in a subset of cases.We performed a large-scale microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling analysis of 381 miRNAs by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (Q-RT-PCR) of 26 microdissected splenic tissue samples (7 HCV(+) SMZL; 8 HCV(-) SMZL and 11 non-neoplastic splenic controls). Single assay Q-RT-PCR and miRNA in situ hybridization (miRNA-ISH) were used to confirm the results in an independent cohort. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of miRNA expression profiles demonstrated a distinct signature of SMZL compared with the normal splenic marginal zone. Supervised analysis revealed differentially expressed miRNAs, including miRNAs with previously recognized tumor suppressive or oncogenic potential. Five miRNAs were found significantly overexpressed in SMZL, including miR-21, miR-155 and miR-146a, whereas seven miRNAs showed significantly reduced expression, including miR-139, miR-345, miR-125a and miR-126. Furthermore, we identified miR-26b, a miRNA known to have tumor suppressive properties, as significantly downregulated in SMZL arising in HCV-positive patients (P=0.0016). In conclusion, there is a characteristic dysregulation of miRNA expression in SMZL with a possible implication in its molecular tumorigenesis.
According to the literature, intense pulsed light (IPL) represents a versatile tool in the treatment of some dermatological conditions (i.e., pigmentation disorders, hair removal, and acne), due to ...its wide range of wavelengths. The authors herein report on 58 unconventional but effective uses of IPL in several cutaneous diseases, such as rosacea (10 cases), port-wine stain (PWS) (10 cases), disseminated porokeratosis (10 cases), pilonidal cyst (3 cases), seborrheic keratosis (10 cases), hypertrophic scar (5 cases) and keloid scar (5 cases), Becker’s nevus (2 cases), hidradenitis suppurativa (2 cases), and sarcoidosis (1 case). Our results should suggest that IPL could represent a valid therapeutic support and option by providing excellent outcomes and low side effects, even though it should be underlined that the use and the effectiveness of IPL are strongly related to the operator’s experience (acquired by attempting at least one specific course on the use of IPL and one-year experience in a specialized centre). Moreover, the daily use of these devices will surely increase clinical experience and provide new information, thus enhancing long-term results and improving IPL effectiveness.
Rosacea is an inflammatory condition of the face characterized in its early stages by flushing, erythema and telangiectasias.
We evaluate the efficacy of long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser on ...erythematousteleangiectasic rosacea (ETR).
In a retrospective case study of 21 patients (14F, 7M) with an average age of 29 years (range 19–41), were treated with two sessions at a distance of one month, with phototype up to III (5 phototype 1, 14 phototype II, 2 phototype III) with a fluence of 20 J/cm2.
We observed a reduction of the erythematous component between 50% and 80% after two sessions, with an average pain score attributed to the treatment, measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), of 3.
In this case series in which Nd:YAG laser had been used with a “'in motion” technique, we observed a reduction of the side effects and pain.
Summary
Background The influence of phenotype and detection of clonality on prognosis in early mycosis fungoides has never been addressed in large studies.
Objectives To correlate immunophenotype ...and detection of clonality with clinical outcome.
Methods We analysed 73 biopsy specimens from 68 patients with early mycosis fungoides (stage Ia or Ib) and at least 10 years of follow up (or dead of disease).
Results Four phenotypic groups could be identified: group A (α/β+ CD4+ CD8− TIA1−), 51 patients; median survival time 160 months; group B (α/β+ CD4− CD8+ TIA1+), 10 patients; median survival time 195 months; group C (α/β− CD4− CD8+/− TIA1+), five patients; median survival time 165 months; and group D (α/β+ CD4− CD8− TIA1−), two patients; median survival time 130 months. Survival curves did not show statistical differences among the groups. Monoclonality was detected in 36 of 67 tested biopsies (54%), and statistical analyses did not show prognostic differences between the clonal and nonclonal cases.
Conclusions We conclude that cytotoxic phenotype and detection of monoclonal T‐cell receptor‐γ gene rearrangement in early lesions of mycosis fungoides do not have any prognostic significance.
An endometrioid carcinoma coexisting with choriocarcinomatous differentiation is an uncommon event with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis.
The authors describe an endometrioid ...carcinoma of the endometrium provided with a focus of choriocarcinoma-like cells in a 50-year-old menstruated woman with a history of abnormal uterine bleeding. A total bilateral hystero-annessectomy was performed.
Histopathologic study showed endometrioid adenocarcinoma limited to the endometrium with a single microinvasive (< one mm) choriocarcinomatous focus. Immunohistochemistry established intense reactivity of tumor cells for CK 7 and AE1/AE3, for beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG), and for HER2 confirming the diagnosis. During the clinical course and follow-up, serum levels of beta-hCG were always negative. Up to date the patient is still alive with no evidence of disease.
Even if endometrioid carcinoma with choriocarcinomatous differentiation is considered highly malignant, occasionally it may have a good prognosis, especially when a non-invasive behaviour is detected together with negative serum beta-hCG levels.
Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCT) are rare, usually benign, polypoid or nodular neoplasms which generally arise in the fourth to sixth decade of life. We report a case of a ...74-year-old woman who presented with vaginal bleeding and remarkable uterine enlargement. Abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed and a diagnosis of UTROSCT was made. Immunohistochemistry is mandatory for a correct diagnosis and a panel of at least two markers of sex cord differentiation is recommended. Differential diagnoses include leiomyosarcoma, UTROSCT and ESTSCLE, mixed müllerian tumor and metastatic ovarian sex cord tumor.
According to the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines a diagnosis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) should be made only for lesions composed of tumor cells without evidence of ...a specific line of differentiation. This is therefore a diagnosis by exclusion which is why the name of undifferentiated high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) should be preferred. Soft tissue sarcomas currently have an incidence in all body regions of approximately 20 cases per 1 million inhabitants per year. Soft tissue tumors of the penis represent approximately 5 % of all penile tumors and the incidence of penile sarcomas is estimated to be approximately 0.6-1 case per 100,000 patients. Only seven cases have so far been reported in the literature. This article describes the case of a 61-year-old Caucasian male who presented with a painless mass sited in the upper part of the corpus cavernosa. An incisional biopsy with a subsequent investigation using an extensive immunohistochemical panel were performed and a high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma or pleomorphic storiform MFH was diagnosed. In addition to the case report a literature review is presented to elaborate the discussion on the differential diagnoses of these kinds of lesions.
Einleitung:
Die chronische Infektion mit dem Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) ist mit einem ca. 2–3-fach erhöhten Risiko assoziiert, ein malignes Lymphom zu entwickeln. Obwohl diese Assoziation durch ...zahlreiche klinische Studien belegt ist, blieb die molekulare Pathogenese bislang weitgehend ungeklärt. Das splenische Marginalzonenlyphom (SMZL), ein niedrig malignes B-Zell-Non-Hodgkin-Lymphom, zeigte in Subgruppenanalysen eine besonders enge Vergesellschaftung mit der chronischen HCV Infektion.
Material und Methoden:
Mittels quantitativer RT-PCR (Q-RT-PCR) wurden in einem Multiplex-Assay die Expression von 381 Micro-RNA (miRNA) an 26 mikrodissezierten Milzgewebeproben (7 SMZL HCV+; 8 SMZL HCV- und 11 nichttumoröse Kontrollen) analysiert. Die Ergebnisse wurden mittels Einzel-Assay Q-RT-PCT und miRNA in-situ Hybridisierung spezifisch validiert.
Ergebnisse:
Die globale unsupervidierte Clusteranalysen der miRNA Expressionsprofile zeigte eine spezifische Signatur der SMZL im Vergleich zur normalen splenischen Marginalzone. Im paarweisen Direktvergleich konnten 12 differentiell exprimierte miRNAs herausgestellt werden, von denen bekanntermaßen tumorsuppressive oder onkogene Effekte ausgehen. Die erniedrigte Expression von miR-29c war assoziiert mit einem schlechten Gesamtüberleben (p=0,028). Des Weiteren konnten wir miR-26b, eine miRNA mit bekannten tumorsuppressiven Eigenschaften, als signifikant supprimiert identifizieren in SMZL Patienten mit chronischer HCV Infektion (p=0,0016).
Schlussfolgerungen:
Wir haben erstmalig eine globale Untersuchung der miRNA Expression in SMZL durchgeführt und hierbei dysregulierte miRNA entdeckt mit einer möglichen Beteiligung in der Pathogenese dieser Lymphomentität. Wir fanden weiter eine erniedrigte Expression von miR-26b in SMZL HCV positiver Patienten. Eine viral induzierte Dysregulation dieser bekannten Tumorsuppressor-miRNA könnte auf einen möglichen Mechanismus der HCV induzierten Lymphomgenese hinweisen. Zuletzt konnten wir eine miRNA, miR-29c, identifizieren, die mit dem Gesamtüberleben der SMZL Patienten assoziiert war.
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