Classical antibacterial drugs were designed to target specific bacterial properties distinct from host human cells to maximize potency and selectivity. These designs were quite effective as they ...could be easily derivatized to bear next-generation drugs. However, the rapid mutation of bacteria and their associated acquired drug resistance have led to the rise of highly pathogenic superbug bacterial strains for which treatment with first line drugs is no match. More than ever, there is a dire need for antibacterial drug design that goes beyond conventional standards. Taking inspiration by the body’s innate immune response to employ its own supply of labile copper ions in a toxic attack against pathogenic bacteria, which have a very low Cu tolerance, this review article examines the feasibility of Cu-centric strategies for antibacterial preventative and therapeutic applications. Promising results are shown for the use of Cu-containing materials in the hospital setting to minimize patient bacterial infections. Studies directed at disrupting bacterial Cu regulatory pathways elucidate new drug targets that can enable toxic increase of Cu levels and perturb bacterial dependence on iron. Likewise, Cu intracellular chelation/prochelation strategies effectively induce bacterial Cu toxicity. Cu-based small molecules and nanoparticles demonstrate the importance of the Cu ions in their mechanism and display potential synergism with classical drugs.
The abundance of reef builders, non-builders and the calcium carbonate produced by communities established in Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) were determined in three Abrolhos Bank shallow reefs ...during the period from 2012 to 2014. In addition, the seawater temperature, the irradiance, and the amount and composition of the sediments were determined. The inner and outer reef arcs were compared. CAUs located on the inner reef shelf were under the influence of terrigenous sediments. On the outer reefs, the sediments were composed primarily of marine biogenic carbonates. The mean carbonate production in shallow reefs of Abrolhos was 579 ± 98 g m-2 y-1. The builder community was dominated by crustose coralline algae, while the non-builder community was dominated by turf. A marine heat wave was detected during the summer of 2013-2014, and the number of consecutive days with a temperature above or below the summer mean was positively correlated with the turf cover increase. The mean carbonate production of the shallow reefs of Abrolhos Bank was greater than the estimated carbonate production measured for artificial structures on several other shallow reefs of the world. The calcimass was higher than the non-calcareous mass, suggesting that the Abrolhos reefs are still in a positive carbonate production balance. Given that marine heat waves produce an increase of turf cover on the shallow reefs of the Abrolhos, a decrease in the cover represented by reef builders and shifting carbonate production are expected in the near future.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Tocoshana Blas Ríos, Jade Selene; Barrera Santiago, Claudia María; Landa de la Cruz, Maribel Viviana ... Dissertation
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo prevenir y curar las enfermedades estomacales de las personas que lo padecen, el cual será a través del consumo de la mazamorra de Tocosh, conocida como la ...Penicilina natural del Perú.;
Nuestro producto no daña el estómago como sí lo hacen las pastillas y se diferencia del resto, porque es elaborado sin preservantes y con ingredientes como la famosa semilla de chía conocida por los múltiples beneficios que otorga a la salud y por contener dos sabores como la naranja y el membrillo. ;
Ofrecemos la mazamorra de Tocosh, porque existe un público que sufre frecuentemente de ardor estomacal y buscan curarse de manera natural y otros que buscan simplemente prevenir cualquier malestar del estómago. Este público se encuentra en los distritos del cono norte y son mayores de 31 años de edad y son de un nivel socioeconómico medio.;
Hemos elegido este mercado, porque las personas conocen de los beneficios del Tocosh y de acuerdo a los estudios realizados están dispuestos a aceptar nuestra nueva presentación y también a pagar el precio ofrecido, a pesar de ser mayor al mercado informal.;
En nuestra estructura de financiamiento demostramos que tenemos un respaldo patrimonial de 63.61% y un préstamo bancario de 36.69%. Además, la empresa está realizando una reserva legal como un ahorro patrimonial para cualquier eventualidad. ;
Nuestro proyecto genera una rentabilidad de S/ 0.42 por cada sol invertido y consideramos para el inicio de las operaciones una inversión de S/ 27,476.88. ;
Palabras clave: alimentación saludable, mazamorra tradicional y medicinal, prevención de enfermedades estomacales, calidad de vida. ;
;
This study has as main objectives to prevent and cure stomach diseases of people carrying these disorders, throughout the comsumption of “mazamorra de Tocosh” (Tocosh porridge), also known as the peruvian natural penicillin.;
Our product does not cause any damage to the stomach as a side effect as certain pills do, and differs from others because it is elaborated without preservatives and has important additional ingredients like the famous Chia seeds, well known by its multiple beneficial effects on health, and because it comes in two different flavors: orange and quince.;
We offer Tocosh porridge because our population suffers frequently of stomach burns and they are looking for natural ways to treat it and others simply because they want to prevent any gastric problems. This population is found in the northern districts and mostly are older than 31 of age and they belong to a medium socioeconomic class.;
We choose this market because people know the benefits of Tocosh and according to prior studies, they are prone to accept our new presentation and to pay for the suggested price even though it is the main informal market.;
In our financing structure we demonstrate that we have a patrimonial support of 63.61% and a bank loan of 36.69%. In addition, the enterprise is preparing a legal reserve as patrimonial savings in case of any unexpected situation.;
Our Project will generate a profit of S/ 0.42 for each invested sol and we consider to initially invest S/ 27,476.88 to be operational.
Trabajo de investigación
Multiple, diverse, and complexCalcium currents characterize the developing pollen tube in the small mustard plant Arabidopsis and correlate with growth at the tip of the pollen tube. This system ...constitutes a practical model for screening for Ca2+-signaling mechanisms in plants. Wudick et al. analyzed multiple variants of glutamate receptor–like (GLR) channels and discovered that some work alone and others work in pairs or trios. Subcellular localization of GLRs is a complex response to CORNICHON sorting proteins, which leave some GLRs at the plasma membrane and ferry others to internal calcium reservoirs. The calcium current at the tip of the growing pollen tube apparently integrates multiple intracellular currents.Science, this issue p. 533Compared to animals, evolution of plant calcium (Ca2+) physiology has led to a loss of proteins for influx and small ligand–operated control of cytosolic Ca2+, leaving many Ca2+ mechanisms unaccounted for. Here, we show a mechanism for sorting and activation of glutamate receptor–like channels (GLRs) by CORNICHON HOMOLOG (CNIH) proteins. Single mutants of pollen-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana GLRs (AtGLRs) showed growth and Ca2+ flux phenotypes expected for plasma membrane Ca2+ channels. However, higher-order mutants of AtGLR3.3 revealed phenotypes contradicting this assumption. These discrepancies could be explained by subcellular AtGLR localization, and we explored the implication of AtCNIHs in this sorting. We found that AtGLRs interact with AtCNIH pairs, yielding specific intracellular localizations. AtCNIHs further trigger AtGLR activity in mammalian cells without any ligand. These results reveal a regulatory mechanism underlying Ca2+ homeostasis by sorting and activation of AtGLRs by AtCNIHs.
Nowadays, reaction mechanisms of photo-Fenton process with chelated iron are not yet clearly defined. In this study, five organic fertilizers were used as iron complexes to investigate the role of ...sunlight and oxygen in photo-Fenton at near neutral pH. UV absorbance and stability constant of each selected iron chelate is different, and this work demonstrates that these parameters affect the reaction mechanisms in SMX degradation. Irradiation experiments without H2O2 revealed that only EDDS-Fe and DTPA-Fe achieved SMX degradation, but different iron release. These results, together with soluble oxygen free experiments, allowed the proposal of complementary reaction mechanisms to those of the classical photo-Fenton. The proposed mechanisms start through the potential photoexcitation of the iron complex, followed by subsequent oxygen-mediated hydroxyl radical generation reactions that are different for EDDS-Fe and DTPA-Fe. Moreover, irradiation experiments using EDTA-Fe and HEDTA-Fe had negligible SMX degradation despite iron release was observed, evidencing the differences between iron chelates.
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•Role of sunlight and oxygen was investigated in photo-Fenton using iron complexes.•UV absorbance and stability of chelates with iron affect the reaction mechanisms.•Only irradiation experiments without H2O2 using EDDS and DTPA achieved SMX removal.•Complementary reaction mechanisms to the classical photo-Fenton were observed.•Photoexcitation of iron complexes and HO formation is different for iron chelates.
ranks among the "top ten" plant-parasitic nematodes of phytosanitary importance. It causes significant losses in commercial interest crops in America and is a potential risk in the European Union. ...The nematicidal and phytotoxic activities of seven plant extracts against
and
were evaluated in vitro, respectively. The chemical nature of three nematicidal extracts (EC
≤ 113 µg mL
) was studied through NMR analysis. Plant extracts showed nematicidal activity on second-stage juveniles (J2): (≥87%) at 1000 µg mL
after 72 h, and their EC
values were 71.4-468.1 and 31.5-299.8 µg mL
after 24 and 48 h, respectively. Extracts with the best nematicidal potential (EC
< 113 µg mL
) were those from
,
, and
, which inhibited
seed growth by 100% at 20 µg mL
. Stigmasterol (
), β-sitosterol (
), and α-terthienyl (
) were identified from
, while
,
, lutein (
), centaurin (
), patuletin-7-β-
-glucoside (
), pendulin (
), and penduletin (
) were identified from
. From
extract, allantoin (
), 9-
-angeloyl-retronecine (
), and its N-oxide (
) were identified. The present research is the first to report the effect of
,
, and
against
and chemically characterized nematicidal extracts that may provide alternative sources of botanical nematicides.
In a time conditioned by continuous technological advances, it is essential to train teachers in digital competence in order to respond to the needs and concerns of students. The educational ...processes of the teacher acquire great relevance to have the required skills against the use of new emerging resources. This study focuses on knowing the digital teaching competence in the development and application of augmented reality resources. A non-experimental design of descriptive and correlational type has been followed through a quantitative method. Two questionnaires were used, applied to a sample of 2631 teachers. The results obtained reveal that the teaching staff carries out continuous training, carrying out 2-3 courses per year related to ict and other areas, in person. They demonstrate skills in certain areas of digital teaching competence, such as security and communication and collaboration, as well as a deficit in the creation of digital content. Deepening in the areas more analogous to augmented reality, according to the type of center and educational stage, it is the public and primary education centers that have revealed the highest level of competence.
En una época marcada por los continuos avances tecnológicos, resulta fundamental la formación del profesorado en competencia digital con la finalidad de dar respuesta a las necesidades e inquietudes del alumnado. Los procesos formativos del docente adquieren gran relevancia para disponer de las destrezas requeridas frente a la utilización de nuevos recursos emergentes. Este estudio se centra en conocer la competencia digital docente en la elaboración y aplicación de recursos de realidad aumentada. Se ha seguido un diseño no experimental de tipo descriptivo y correlacional a través de un método cuantitativo. Se han empleado dos cuestionarios, aplicados a una muestra de 2631 docentes. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que el profesorado efectúa una formación continua, realizando de dos a tres cursos al año relacionados con las tic y otros ámbitos, de manera presencial. Manifiestan destrezas en determinadas áreas de la competencia digital docente como en la seguridad y en la comunicación y colaboración además de un déficit en la creación de contenidos digitales. Profundizando en las áreas más análogas a la realidad aumentada, según en el tipo de centro y etapa educativa, son los centros públicos y de educación primaria los que han revelado mayor nivel competencial.
In patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure (ARF), awake prone positioning (AW-PP) reduces the need for intubation in patients treated with high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO). However, the ...effects of different exposure times on clinical outcomes remain unclear. We evaluated the effect of AW-PP on the risk of endotracheal intubation and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19-related ARF treated with HFNO and analyzed the effects of different exposure times to AW-PP.
This multicenter prospective cohort study in six ICUs of 6 centers in Argentine consecutively included patients > 18 years of age with confirmed COVID-19-related ARF requiring HFNO from June 2020 to January 2021. In the primary analysis, the main exposure was awake prone positioning for at least 6 h/day, compared to non-prone positioning (NON-PP). In the sensitivity analysis, exposure was based on the number of hours receiving AW-PP. Inverse probability weighting-propensity score (IPW-PS) was used to adjust the conditional probability of treatment assignment. The primary outcome was endotracheal intubation (ETI); and the secondary outcome was hospital mortality.
During the study period, 580 patients were screened and 335 were included; 187 (56%) tolerated AW-PP for median (p25-75) 12 (9-16) h/day and 148 (44%) served as controls. The IPW-propensity analysis showed standardized differences < 0.1 in all the variables assessed. After adjusting for other confounders, the OR (95% CI) for ETI in the AW-PP group was 0.36 (0.2-0.7), with a progressive reduction in OR as the exposure to AW-PP increased. The adjusted OR (95% CI) for hospital mortality in the AW-PP group ≥ 6 h/day was 0.47 (0.19-1.31). The exposure to prone positioning ≥ 8 h/d resulted in a further reduction in OR 0.37 (0.17-0.8).
In the study population, AW-PP for ≥ 6 h/day reduced the risk of endotracheal intubation, and exposure ≥ 8 h/d reduced the risk of hospital mortality.
Understanding the biochemistry and metabolic pathways of cyanide degradation is necessary to improve the efficacy of cyanide bioremediation processes and industrial requirements. We have isolated and ...sequenced the genome of a cyanide-degrading Bacillus strain from water in contact with mine tailings from Lima, Peru. This strain was classified as Bacillus safensis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and core genome analyses and named B. safensis PER-URP-08. We searched for possible cyanide-degradation enzymes in the genome of this strain and identified a putative cyanide dihydratase (CynD) gene similar to a previously characterized CynD from Bacillus pumilus C1. Sequence analysis of CynD from B. safensis and B. pumilus allow us to identify C-terminal residues that differentiate both CynDs. We then cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified recombinant CynD from B. safensis PER-URP-08 (CynDPER-URP-08) and showed that in contrast to CynD from B. pumilus C1, this recombinant CynD remains active at up to pH 9. We also showed that oligomerization of CynDPER-URP-08 decreases as a function of increased pH. Finally, we demonstrated that transcripts of CynDPER-URP-08 in B. safensis PER-URP-08 are strongly induced in the presence of cyanide. Our results suggest that the use of B. safensis PER-URP-08 and CynDPER-URP-08 as potential tool for cyanide bioremediation warrants further investigation. IMPORTANCE Despite being of environmental concern around the world due to its toxicity, cyanide continues to be used in many important industrial processes. Thus, searching for cyanide bioremediation methods is a matter of societal concern and must be present on the political agenda of all governments. Here, we report the isolation, genome sequencing and characterization of cyanide degradation capacity of a bacterial strain isolated from an industrial mining site in Peru. We characterize a cyanide dehydratase (CynD) homolog from one of these bacteria, Bacillus safensis PER-URP-08.
The very-low-calorie KD (VLCKD) is characterized by a caloric intake of under 800 kcal/day divided into less than 50 g/day of carbohydrate (13%) and 1 to 1.5 g of protein/kg of body weight (44%) and ...43% of fat. This low carbohydrate intake changes the energy source from glucose to ketone bodies. Moreover, clinical trials have consistently shown a beneficial effect of VLCKD in several diseases, such as heart failure, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, and obesity, among others. The gut microbiota has been associated with the metabolic conditions of a person and is regulated by diet interactions; furthermore, it has been shown that the microbiota has a role in body weight homeostasis by regulating metabolism, appetite, and energy. Currently, there is increasing evidence of an association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and the pathophysiology of obesity. In addition, the molecular pathways, the role of metabolites, and how microbiota modulation could be beneficial remain unclear, and more research is needed. The objective of the present article is to contribute with an overview of the impact that VLCKD has on the intestinal microbiota composition of individuals with obesity through a literature review describing the latest research regarding the topic and highlighting which bacteria phyla are associated with obesity and VLCKD.
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