•The role of RIPK1 in cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear.•We studied the relevance, role, and impact of RIPK1 in CC cells and cell lines.•RIPK1 expression was higher in tumor tissues than in ...paracancerous tissues.•Poor prognosis of CC was linked to RIPK1 upregulation.•RIPK1 enhanced CC cell migration, invasion, and growth by regulating NF-κB and TNF.
Cervical cancer (CC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in women. Members of the receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) family are important regulators of inflammation and cell death. However, the characteristics, molecular functions, and expression mechanisms of RIPK1 in CC remain unclear.
To determine whether RIPK1 can be used for targeted therapy of CC, we assessed the clinical importance, biological function, and potential impact of RIPK1 in CC in 50 patients with CC. We utilized immunohistochemical staining, transfection, western blotting, cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, and wound healing assays among others, to elucidate the role of RIPK1 in CC.
RIPK1 expression was higher in tumor tissues than in paracancerous tissues. Poor prognosis of CC was linked to RIPK1 upregulation. Furthermore, silencing RIPK1 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CC cells in vitro. We also established that RIPK1 increased cell migration, invasion, and multiplication by regulating nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
RIPK1 activates NF-κB and regulates TNF release to enhance the proliferation and spread of CC cells while suppressing their apoptosis. Therefore, RIPK1 plays a key role in the formation and progression of CC and is a potential target for CC treatment.
Based on backward transformation method (BTM), the probe distance error analysis in z‐axis for phased array calibration is described. When BTM is employed in phased array calibration to obtain the ...electric field over the radiation aperture of antenna, the Taylor expansion of probe distance error is used for analyzing the accuracy of reconstructed aperture field. It is found that probe distance error less than 1/35 of a wavelength is recommended. To verify this conclusion, the measured results demonstrate the validation of this analysis, which is helpful in the near‐field calibration for phased array.
belongs to the family of Grainyhead-like (GRHL). Previous studies have shown that dysregulation of growth and survival pathways is associated with the GRHL family of gene cancers. Immunotherapy with ...checkpoint inhibitors has changed the treatment paradigm for many tumors, including endometrial cancer (EC). However, the effect of
on immunotherapy in EC and its relationship with immune cell infiltration are poorly understood.
Differential expression of
between EC and normal EC tissues was analyzed by searching the TCGA database, and the results were verified utilizing immunohistochemistry analyses. Next, the relationship between
, CD8+ T cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) was also investigated, and the effect of
expression on immunotherapy in EC was evaluated.
According to the findings, EC tissues had elevated expression levels of
relative to normal tissues. Patients with EC who expressed
at high levels experienced worse overall survival (OS) and Progression-free survival (PFS) than those whose expression was lower. In addition,
expression was negatively correlated with CD8+ T cells, and patients with high
expression were less effective in receiving immunotherapy.
The expression of
was high in EC patients, and high expression of
inhibits the proliferation of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment of EC and affect the efficacy of immunotherapy.
A novel single-layer band-pass frequency selective surface (FSS) is proposed in this letter. The unit cell is composed of eight rotationally symmetrical fishbone-shaped structures surrounded by a ...modified octagonal loop. This fishbone-shaped FSS exhibits stable resonant frequency while the incident angle ranges from 0degrees to 60degrees for both TE and TM polarizations, which means that polarization insensitivity and angular stability are well demonstrated on the proposed FSS. A prototype is fabricated and measured in an anechoic chamber, and good agreements are obtained between measured and simulated results.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf2 mediates ubiquitination and degradation of several protein targets involved in tumorigenesis and induces senescence in human cells. However, the functional role of ...Smurf2 in tumorigenesis has not been fully evaluated. In this study, we generated a mouse model of Smurf2 deficiency to characterize the function of this E3 ligase in tumorigenesis. Smurf2 deficiency attenuated p16 expression and impaired the senescence response of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. In support of a functional role in controlling cancer, Smurf2 deficiency increased the susceptibility of mice to spontaneous tumorigenesis, most notably B-cell lymphoma. At a premalignant stage of tumorigenesis, we documented a defective senescence response in the spleens of Smurf2-deficient mice, consistent with a mechanistic link between impaired senescence regulation and increased tumorigenesis. Taken together, our findings offer the genetic evidence of an important tumor suppressor function for Smurf2.
Controlling regioselectivity in activating C–H bonds in linear alkanes is challenging, as their multiple secondary C–H bonds have quite similar dissociation energies, with no functional groups to ...differentiate between the bonds. Here, we coupled a ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT)-based radical generation center and an amide functional group on a tailor-designed metal-organic layer (MOL) material. We achieved efficient photochlorination of linear alkanes with 2-position selectivity. For example, with n-hexane as the substrate, 2-chloro-n-hexane was obtained with 85% selectivity and a turnover number of 2,200 in 8 h, together with a high apparent quantum yield of ∼7% at room temperature. Mechanistic experiments suggested that the chlorine generation and installation of an amide group are important for the orchestration of the reactivity and the selectivity.
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•A MOL material dynamically supports FeIII species for activating inert sp3 C–H bond•2-position chlorination of linear alkane with up to 85% selectivity is achieved•A high apparent quantum efficiency of ∼7% is obtained for hexane chlorination•A flow system allows selective photoexcitation of supported FeIII
Controlling regioselectivity in activating C–H bonds in linear alkanes is challenging. Hu et al. combine ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) with amide functional groups on a tailor-designed metal-organic layer (MOL) material to achieve efficient and selective 2-position chlorination of linear alkanes.
Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria (veronii var. sobria) has not been implicated in the pathogenesis of necrotizing fasciitis in North America.
Case report and literature review.
An 80-year-old man with ...diabetes mellitus and acute myeloblastic leukemia developed a rapidly spreading skin and soft tissue infection of the right lower extremity pathognomonic for necrotizing fasciitis with signs of sepsis. Cultures grew Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria. Despite aggressive management, including an urgent right below-knee amputation, this patient died of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
A. veronii var. sobria should be recognized as one of the causative organisms for necrotizing fasciitis in immunocompromised patients. Early administration of proper antibiotics and aggressive surgical treatment may reduce morbidity and mortality rates in such infections.
Abstract
The NCI estimates in 2012 there will be 70,130 new cases and 18,940 deaths from non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in the US. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common NHL. This ...aggressive B-cell lymphoma is heterogeneous, with significant variation in response to treatment. Gene expression profiling identifies biologically distinct subtypes of DLBCL, which correlate with both response to treatment and survival. This suggests the critical importance of sub-type-specific targets in the diagnosis and treatment of DLBCL. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf2 induces senescence in human cells, suggesting it is a tumor suppressor. We discovered that ~30% of mice deficient in Smurf2 develop NHLs with a post-germinal center phenotype resembling human DLBCL. B cells from healthy Smurf2-deficient mice exhibit enhanced proliferation and elevated expression of the oncogene c-myc. We find that Smurf2 mediates ubiquitination of a key transcription factor, which, when stabilized in Smurf2-deficient cells increases c-myc expression. This Smurf2-c-Myc axis represents a novel mechanism by which Smurf2 suppresses cell proliferation and lymphomagenesis. Analysis of gene expression databases reveals a significant decrease in Smurf2 expression in human DLBCL compared to normal B cells. Importantly, low level Smurf2 expression correlates with inferior overall survival in DLBCL patients. These data suggest that Smurf2 is a novel target in the diagnosis and potential treatment of human DLBCL.
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