This paper examines how the mixing of freshwater and seawater, and related mixing of freshwater and marine particulate organic matter (POM) in the permanently stratified estuary of the River Krka, ...Croatia, are reflected in the stable isotope fingerprints of soft tissues and tubes of the serpulid Ficopomatus enigmaticus. The carbon stable isotope composition (δ¹³C values) of the river-borne POM is retained over long distances, causing a depletion in ¹³C of POM in brackish waters. A trophic depletion in ¹³C was recorded in serpulid soft tissues. The serpulid carbonate tubes were depleted in ¹³C even at locations with salinity close to that of the sea and were subject to large isotope fractionation between dissolved inorganic C (DIC) and carbonate caused by vital effects, making carbonate depleted in ¹³C by several per mil compared with DIC. These effects, though large in the freshwater zone, fade towards the sea. The carbonate δ¹⁸O values of tubes reflect the δ¹⁸O values of the water. The temperature-related differences in δ¹⁸O values of tubes from different sites are masked by source-related differences in the δ¹⁸O values of water arising from mixing of freshwater and seawater in the estuary. Therefore, in serpulide tubes, the terrestrial component can easily be overestimated because of vital effects during biomineralisation and trophic depletion in ¹³C in freshwater and brackish environments.
An improved understanding of the anchialine ecosystem and geology warrants a redefinition of the term 'anchialine.' Originating from subareal biological observations, the term anchialine now ...encompasses chemical, physical, geological and biological elements within the subterranean realm. We propose a more accurate definition of the term anchialine as 'a tidally-influenced subterranean estuary located within crevicular and cavernous karst and volcanic terrains that extends inland to the limit of seawater penetration.' This subterranean estuary is characterized by sharp physical and chemical stratification and merges with a marine system at the coast and a groundwater system inland. The anchialine ecosystem supports a relatively diverse biotic assemblage of stygobiotic species of marine origin dominated by members of Crustacea, both numerically and by species richness.
Non-indigenous invasive bivalve Arcuatula senhousia was recorded in the area of the eastern Adriatic Sea in Neretva River Delta, in 2010, among tubes of well established aggregations of ...non-indigenous species of sedentary polychaete Ficopomatus enigmaticus at depths from 0.5 to 1 m. It was very abundant, with the maximal abundance of 102 N/400 cm super(2), only in very thick fouling aggregations, but any traces of colonization of this species on soft sediments were not observed. Community that inhabits aggregations of invasive polychaete was described in the paper. Occurrence of Arcuatula senhousia in wider area of very important port for international maritime transport suggests that the ballast waters could be possible vector of introduction of this species. The analysis of the sediment revealed that the species was introduced recently. In contrary, Ficopomatus enigmaticus was introduced in the area earlier.Original Abstract: Strana invazivna vrsta skoljkasa Arcuatula senhousia je zabiljezena 2010. godine na podrucju istocnog Jadrana u delti rijeke Neretve, izmedu cjevcica dobro razvijenih nakupina strane vrste sedentarnog mnogocetinasa Ficopomatus enigmaticus na dubinama od 0,5 do 1 m. Bila je vrlo brojna, s najvecom abundancijom od 102 N/400 cm super(2), samo u vrlo debelim nakupinama u obrastaju. Tragovi kolonizacije ove vrste na sedimentnom dnu nisu opazeni. U radu je opisana i zajednica koja naseljava nakupine ovog invazivnog mnogocetinasa. Pojava vrste A. senhousia na sirem podrucju vrlo vazne luke za medunarodni pomorski promet ukazuje da balastne vode mogu biti vektor unosa ove vrste. Analiza sedimenta je pokazala da je vrsta nedavno unesena. Za razliku od nje, vrsta F. enigmaticus je, na ovo podrucje, unesena ranije.
Istraživanjem anhijalinog speleološkog objekta Špilja u uvali Vidrovača na zidovima špilje utvrđeno je naseljavanje ovog objekta invazivnom vrstom mnogočetinaša Ficopomatus enigmaticus. Vrsta je ...kozmopolit, živi u bočatom okolišu čvrsto prirasla uz tvrdu podlogu pojedinačno i/ili u nakupinama. U estuarij rijeke Krke unesena je vjerojatno brodovima početkom 21. stoljeća i danas je široko rasprostranjena. Špilja u uvali Vidrovača ima direktnu vezu s estuarijem pa posljedično ulazni dio naseljavaju vrste karakteristične za bočati okoliš. Ficopomatus dominira brojnošću i pokazuje tendenciju stvaranja naslaga. Naseljavanje invazivnih stranih vrsta općenito negativno utječe na biološku raznolikost.
Dinarski špiljski cjevaš Marifugia cavatica Absolon i Hrabe, 1930 je paleoendem Dinarida i jedini poznati predstavnik mnogočetinaša, porodice cjevaša Serpulidae, koji živi u podzemlju. Nastanjuje ...podzemne vode dinarskog krša Jadranskog i Crnomorskog sliva. Najraširenija je stigobiontna sjedilačka vrsta u podzemlju Hrvatske, zabilježena na ukupno 77 lokaliteta, od Istre preko Gorskog Kotara i Like do najjužnijeg dijela Dalmacije. Pronađen je u svim krškim slivovima na području Hrvatske osim u slivovima rijeka Zrmanje i Une. Pretpostavlja se da se njegov prijelaz u podzemlje dogodio u doba pliocena povlačenjem iz površinskih slatkovodnih rijeka i jezera.
Stable isotope composition of soft tissues and carbonate tubes of the serpulids F. enigmaticus and M. cavatica were used to estimate their food sources. Comparison of isotope fingerprints of adjacent ...estuarine and anchialine cave serpulids showed that they consume predominantly particulate organic matter of terrestrial origin.
Fauna Crvenog jezera Cukrov, Marijana
Subterranea Croatica,
06/2006, Letnik:
4, Številka:
6
Paper
Odprti dostop
Crveno jezero je geomorfološki spomenik prirode. Iako su morfologija, geologija i hidrogeologija jezera istraživane, malo je informacija o fauni. Razlog je prvenstveno nedostupnost jezera i složenost ...uzorkovanja. Prvi znanstveni podaci potječu iz 1840-ih i povezani su s ihtiologijom jezera koju su razradili austrijski znanstvenici. Nove endemske vrste riba Phoxinellus adspersus - Imotska gaovica opisali su Heckel i Kner, 1843. godine. Tijekom međunarodne speleoronilačke ekspedicije 'Crveno jezero' 98 'prikupljeni su uzorci faune. Ovaj rad daje popis prikupljenih vrsta.
The Sumporace are anchialine caves of the Dinaric Karst in Mokosica near Dubrovnik, and they are special due to the presence of sulphur. As a result of the sulphur, they contain ecologically very ...important habitats and are part of the National Ecological Network CRO NEN. Out of three known sulfur alcaline caves, two smaller (Sumporaca velika and Sumporaca mala) have been speleologically and biospeleologically explored, while, unfortunately, the biggest one (Mokosicka spilja) was completely destroyed thirty years ago. This paper gives climate and ecological data for the cave habitats, a preliminary check list of cave fauna and the results of chemical analyses of water and surface sediments.
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