The neutron emission in projectile fragmentation at relativistic energies was studied with the Large-Area-Neutron-Detector LAND coupled to the ALADIN forward spectrometer at the GSI ...Schwerionen-Synchrotron (SIS). Stable Sn124 and radioactive Sn107 and La124 beams with an incident energy of 600 MeV/nucleon were used to explore the N/Z dependence of the identified neutron source. A cluster-recognition algorithm is applied for identifying individual particles within the hit distributions registered with LAND. The obtained momentum distributions are extrapolated over the full phase space occupied by the neutrons from the projectile-spectator source. The mean multiplicities of spectator neutrons reach values of up to about 11 and depend strongly on the isotopic composition of the projectile. An effective source temperature of T≈2-5 MeV, monotonically increasing with decreasing impact parameter, is deduced from the transverse momentum distributions. For the interpretation of the data, calculations with the statistical multifragmentation model were performed. The variety of excited projectile spectators assumed to decay statistically is represented by an ensemble of excited sources with parameters determined previously from the fragment production observed in the same experiments. The obtained agreement is very satisfactory for more peripheral collisions where, according to the model, neutrons are mainly emitted during the secondary decays of excited fragments. The neutron multiplicity in more central collisions is underestimated, indicating that other sources besides the modeled statistical breakup contribute to the observed neutron yield. The choice made for the symmetry-term coefficient of the liquid-drop description of produced fragments has a weak effect on the predicted neutron multiplicities.
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•Novel high-efficiency yellow ZnO photocatalyst has been sythesized.•Obtained ZnO is characterized by multitude of defects.•Unique morphology of ZnO and intermediate products.•New ...photocatalyst is 4 times more active than P25 in the organic pollutants removal.•ZnO photocatalyst plays key role in oxidizing processes being more active than O3 or H2O2 under visible light irradiation.
Novel stable ZnO photocatalyst prepared via simple high-thermal processing of resorcinol-formaldehyde/zinc acetate mixture was synthesized for photocatalytic purposes. As a reference, pure ZnO was obtained using Zn(CH3CO2)2. The UV–vis spectra demonstrate an intensive absorption of composite ZnO within the visible region, in contrast to pure ZnO (white). The kinetic parameters of the diclofenac sodium photodecomposition reaction reflect higher activity of composite ZnO unlike pure ZnO and P25 (Evonik). Comparative study of bisphenol A degradation during Advanced Oxidation Processes involving ZnO and visible light irradiation demonstrated outstanding role of synthesized photocatalyst.
The objective of the study was to analyse the association of growth hormone (GH1) and C-reactive protein (CRP) loci polymorphisms with reproductive traits in native Pulawska gilts and sows. In the ...GH1 locus, two mutations were identified: one in the second intron single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) = rs340429823 in.742C>T, MspI, and one in the second exon (SNP = rs340087546 c.566G>A, HaeII). In the CRP locus, two mutations were found in exon 2 (SNP = rs340175625, NM_213844.2: c.1271A>G, BstNI; and SNP = rs80928546, NM_213844.2: c.788C>T, HinfI). Analysis of sexual activity showed that intensity of external estrus signs differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) and was the most manifested in gilts with the CT (GH1_MspI) genotype during the second estrus. In case of the CRP gene, statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found in terms of the duration of farrowing. The longest farrowings were reported for the GG (CRP_HinfI) and the TT (CRP_BstNI) genotypes and the shortest for the AA (CRP_HinfI) and CC (CRP_BstNI). The most numerous first litters were produced by sows with the AA genotype (CRP_HinfI), with significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between the AA and GG genotypes. In turn, the CC homozygotes (CRP_BstNI) differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in terms of the number of piglets born and reared to day 21 in the second litters compared to the other genotype groups.
The A/Z dependence of projectile fragmentation at relativistic energies has been studied with the ALADIN forward spectrometer at SIS. A stable beam of (124)Sn and radioactive beams of (124)La and ...(107)Sn at 600 MeV per nucleon have been used in order to explore a wide range of isotopic compositions. Chemical freeze-out temperatures are found to be nearly invariant with respect to the A/Z of the produced spectator sources, consistent with predictions for expanded systems. Small Coulomb effects (DeltaT approximately 0.6 MeV) appear for residue production near the onset of multifragmentation.
The release of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with treated wastewater is one of the major sources of CNTs in the environment. The great sorption capacity of pristine CNTs can be changed during wastewater ...processing. CNTs in the environment can interact with different components and pollutants. The aim of this study is the determination of the effect of treatment methods of wastewater containing functionalized CNTs on the sorption of new emerging contaminants. The process of sorption of diclofenac sodium (DCF) and naproxen (NPX) was tested using carbon nanotubes released after treatment by UV and/or H 2 O 2 . The results revealed that sorption on non-treated CNTOHs was governed by chemisorption, with chemisorption being rate limiting step (pseudo-second order regime). Treatment of the CNTOHs changed the kinetics of NPX sorption to a pseudo-first order (CNTOH-UV and CNTOH-H 2 O 2 ) or an intraparticle diffusion model (CNTOH-UV + H 2 O 2 ). DCF sorption was described by pseudo-first or pseudo-second order kinetics. NPX sorption onto treated CNTOHs and CNTCOOHs was ascribed to the Freundlich or Temkin models. The Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich models revealed the best fitting for the description of DCF sorption onto CNTOHs and CNTCOOHs. Although treatment affected the physicochemical properties of the CNTs only slightly, it did change the sorption affinity and capacity. NPX sorption was favored over all tested CNTs, and CNTCOOHs revealed a higher sorption capacity for all tested adsorbates. The mechanism of sorption was connected with π–π interactions between the NPX and the CNTOHs, and the functional groups of the CNTCOOHs. DCF sorption onto CNTOHs was governed by electrostatic forces, with adsorption onto CNTCOOHs governed by functionalization.
The FT gene integrates several external and endogenous cues controlling flowering, including information on day length. A complex of the mobile FT protein and the bZIP transcription factor FD in turn ...has a central role in activating genes that execute the switch from vegetative to reproductive development. Here we reveal that microRNA156-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) genes not only act downstream of FT/FD, but also define a separate endogenous flowering pathway. High levels of miR156 in young plants prevent precocious flowering. A subsequent day length-independent decline in miR156 abundance provides a permissive environment for flowering and is paralleled by a rise in SPL levels. At the shoot apex, FT/FD and SPLs converge on an overlapping set of targets, with SPLs directly activating flower-promoting MADS box genes, providing a molecular substrate for both the redundant activities and the feed-forward action of the miR156/SPL and FT/FD modules in flowering control.
The photocatalytic oxidation of Triton X-100, its oxidation products: polyethylene glycol, phenol and also commercially available wash-up liquid in water in the band reactor of our construction with ...supported TiO2 catalysts was studied. As a photocatalyst Co-TiO2/Al2O3 was used. The main aim of these studies was the determination of catalytic activity of Co-TiO2/Al2O3 in pollutants removal from water and the effect of O2, H2O2 or UV addition on the photooxidation. It was found that the H2O2 addition has a detrimental influence on aerated wastewater containing surfactants, and UV has an increasing effect on process. 2 hours treatment of water is enough to obtain a significant COD reduction of all studied pollutants.
Removal of recalcitrant pollutants from wastewater Pasieczna-Patkowska, S.; Czech, B.; Ryczkowski, J. ...
Applied surface science,
06/2010, Letnik:
256, Številka:
17
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Triton X-100 was oxidized in aqueous solutions with the presence of O
2 using photocatalysis and H
2O
2 addition alone or coupled. New supported TiO
2/Al
2O
3 catalysts modified with vanadium and ...cobalt were used. Catalysts were prepared using the classical impregnation method (CIM) and the double impregnation method (DIM). The effect of the physico-chemical properties of the catalysts on its activity were studied. The research on the interactions between the metal precursor and the titania–alumina surface by means of FT-IR/PAS (Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy) were also conducted.
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