Postoperative supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA) are common after pulmonary resection and autonomic imbalance is thought to be one of the triggers. Opioids can increase parasympathetic activity and ...may balance heightened sympathetic tone after operation. We have examined the effect of postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with opioids on postoperative SVA.
Forty-eight patients were randomly assigned to two groups. The GA group received general anaesthesia PCA and PCA with opioids (fentanyl 6 µg ml−1 and tramadol 3 mg ml−1). The GEA group received combined general/epidural anaesthesia plus patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA). Holter recording was completed for 12 h before operation and 12 and 48 h after operation. The incidence of supraventricular tachycardias (SVT), atrial fibrillation, and supraventricular ectopic beats (SVEBs) was evaluated.
The incidence of postoperative SVT was significantly lower in the GA group than in the GEA group (3/22 vs 10/22, P=0.021). The incidence of postoperative SVEBs was not statistically different between the groups, but the frequency of postoperative SVEBs increased less in the GA than the GEA group (7/22 vs 15/22, P=0.016).
PCA with opioids (fentanyl and tramadol) can reduce postoperative SVA after pulmonary resection compared with PCEA with ropivacaine.
Summary
The effect of unilateral anterior crossbite on the remodelling of mandibular condyle needs to be investigated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of experimentally created unilateral ...anterior crossbite on the remodelling of mandibular condyle and explore the changes in the expression of relevant transcription factors and growth factors. The experimental unilateral anterior crossbite was created in 6‐week‐old female growing rats by bonding metal tubes to the left pairs of incisors. Remodelings of mandibular condylar cartilage was assessed histologically at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Protein and mRNA levels of Sox9, runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix (Osx), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1), transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFβr2) and type X collagen (ColX) were investigated by immunohistochemistry and real‐time PCR, while alkaline phosphatise (ALP) by histochemistry and real‐time PCR. Decreased ratio of hypertrophic cartilage layer was noticed in the 4w experimental group versus controls. At all the time points, the expression of Sox9 and ALP increased but that of TGFβ1 and TGFβr2 decreased in experimental groups (P < 0·05). The expression of Runx2, Osx and Col X increased at 2w, but decrease at 4w (P < 0·05). The results that obvious cartilage degradation and altered expression of related transcription factors and growth factors were detected in the mandibular condyles of the experimental group suggested that the present unilateral anterior crossbite plays an adverse role in the TMJ, and thus leading to the degenerative endochondral ossification.
The nanosheet of graphene was chemically modified by long alkyl chain for enhanced compatibility with polymer matrix and graphene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites with homogeneous ...dispersion of the nanosheets and enhanced nanofiller-matrix interfacial interaction were fabricated via a facile in-situ bulk polymerization. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetry. The results showed that the graphene nanosheets were fully exfoliated in PMMA matrix and the thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were significantly improved at low graphene loadings. Large shifts of 15°C in the glass transition temperature and 27°C improvement of onset thermal degradation temperature were achieved with graphene loading as low as 0.07 wt%. A 67% increase in tensile strength was also observed by the addition of only 0.5 wt% graphene. The method used in this study provided a novel route to other graphene-based polymers.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Anthracnose is a serious fungal disease that primarily infects strawberry roots and stolons during development. Here, 91 isolates from different areas of Zhejiang province, China, were collected. ...Morphological characteristics were analyzed, and a phylogenetic analysis based on multiple genes (actin, internal transcribed spacer, calmodulin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and chitin synthase) was performed. We found that all of the
species causing strawberry anthracnose belonged to the
complex. Among them, we identified 48 isolates of
, 21 isolates of
, 13 isolates of
, and 9 isolates of
.
was distributed in the central and eastern regions of Zhejiang province (Hangzhou, Jinhua, Shaoxing, Ningbo, and Taizhou). This is the first report of
causing strawberry anthracnose in Zhejiang province.
was the most dominant species causing strawberry anthracnose in Zhejiang province. We identified the four species causing strawberry anthracnose in Zhejiang province, which will improve our understanding of the strawberry anthracnose epidemic and will benefit the development of future control measures.
Global Positioning System (GPS) is being actively applied to measure static and dynamic displacement responses of large civil engineering structures under winds. However, multipath effects and low ...sampling frequencies affect the accuracy of GPS for displacement measurement. On the other hand, accelerometers cannot reliably measure static and low-frequency structural responses, but can accurately measure high-frequency structural responses. Therefore, this paper explores the possibility of integrating GPS-measured signals with accelerometer-measured signals to enhance the measurement accuracy of total (static plus dynamic) displacement response of a structure. Integrated data processing techniques using both empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and an adaptive filter are presented. A series of motion simulation table tests are then performed at a site using three GPS receivers, one accelerometer, and one motion simulation table that can simulate various types of motion defined by input wave time histories around a pre-defined static position. The proposed data processing techniques are applied to the recorded GPS and accelerometer data to find both static and dynamic displacements. These results are compared with the actual displacement motions generated by the motion simulation table. The comparative results demonstrate that the proposed technique can significantly enhance the measurement accuracy of the total displacement of a structure.PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
In order to acquire inherent optical properties to serve the lake water colour/quality remote sensing in Taihu Lake 67 samples were distributed almost all over the lake. Surface water samples were ...collected and returned to the laboratory for the subsequent processing and analysis. In the laboratory, the absorptions due to the total particulate matter, non-algal particulate matter, phytoplankton pigment, and CDOM, together with their concentrations were measured and/or calculated, respectively. Then their absorption properties were analysed and compared with those of other lake waters and/or coastal/open waters. Some different and similar characteristics were uncovered. On the one hand, it provides not only a solid basement for the Taihu Lake water colour/quality remote sensing with semi-analytical/analytical approach but also a typical case for inherent optical properties of case two water especially for inland freshwater lakes. On the other, it is very helpful to improve the practical and intensive application and development of remote sensing in monitoring lake water quality.
Clival invasion, a rare but potentially significant complication of pituitary adenoma, is difficult to detect on MR imaging. Because CT is widely used in adjunct guidance of pituitary surgery and it ...has recently been suggested that preoperative CT may add useful diagnostic information in addition to pituitary MR imaging, we performed the first large cross-sectional imaging study to define the image attributes, clinical correlates, and prognostic implications of clival invasion on CT for pituitary adenoma surgical guidance.
Preoperative CT images from 390 patients with histopathologically diagnosed pituitary macroadenoma were reviewed retrospectively and classified by the presence and degree of clival invasion. Tumor volume, tumor subtype, patient sex, operative complication, and recurrence rates were compared between groups.
After we corrected for multiple correlations, the most significant independent risk factor for clival invasion was female sex (OR=3.62, P=.014, multinomial logistic regression), followed by large tumor volume (OR=1.08, P<.001), and null-cell subtype (OR=5.47, P<.001). Larger tumor volume correlated with null-cell subtype (Mann-Whitney U test, P=.006), incidence of clival invasion (P<.001), and extent of clival invasion (P=.038). Clival invasion was associated with a significantly higher ratio of operative complications (15.63%, χ(2)=7.067, P=.008) and recurrence (57.14%, χ(2)=10.739, P=.001).
CT detection of clival invasion by pituitary macroadenoma is significantly more common in women, in patients with large tumors, and in patients with null-cell tumors, and it is associated with a higher rate of operative complications and recurrences. Attention to the presence of clival invasion on preoperative CT and prospective investigation of its prognostic significance are indicated. Attention to this finding on pituitary guidance CT is warranted.
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