We searched for a sidereal modulation in the MINOS far detector neutrino rate. Such a signal would be a consequence of Lorentz and CPT violation as described by the standard-model extension ...framework. It also would be the first detection of a perturbative effect to conventional neutrino mass oscillations. We found no evidence for this sidereal signature, and the upper limits placed on the magnitudes of the Lorentz and CPT violating coefficients describing the theory are an improvement by factors of 20-510 over the current best limits found by using the MINOS near detector.
We report an improved measurement of ν(μ) disappearance over a distance of 735 km using the MINOS detectors and the Fermilab Main Injector neutrino beam in a ν(μ)-enhanced configuration. From a total ...exposure of 2.95×10(20) protons on target, of which 42% have not been previously analyzed, we make the most precise measurement of Δm2=2.62(-0.28)(+0.31)(stat)±0.09(syst)×10(-3) eV2 and constrain the ν(μ) mixing angle sin2(2θ)>0.75 (90% C.L.). These values are in agreement with Δm2 and sin2(2θ) measured for ν(μ), removing the tension reported in P. Adamson et al. (MINOS), Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 021801 (2011)..
Previous studies have demonstrated that muscle can take up and express naked DNA or RNA. This study demonstrates that the pDNA can be delivered to and expressed within skeletal muscle when injected ...rapidly, in a large volume and when all blood vessels leading into and out of the hindlimb are occluded. The additional use of collagenase, papaverine and ischemia raised expression moderately but was not critical. These results demonstrate that a nonviral method can lead to high levels of expression in the muscles of adult animals large than mice.
In this Letter, we describe a search for lepton flavor violation (LFV) in the bottomonium system. We search for leptonic decays Upsilon(nS)-->mutau (n=1, 2, and 3) using the data collected with the ...CLEO III detector. We identify the tau lepton using its leptonic decay nu_{tau}nuover _{e}e and utilize multidimensional likelihood fitting with probability density function shapes measured from independent data samples. We report our estimates of 95% C.L. upper limits on LFV branching fractions of Upsilon mesons. We interpret our results in terms of the exclusion plot for the energy scale of a hypothetical new interaction versus its effective LFV coupling in the framework of effective field theory.
Recently, the relevance of risk management of IT projects has increased significantly, which is associated with their rapid development and a high level of uncertainty in the external environment. ...The purpose of the study is to determine the features of risk management of IT projects on the basis of modern theory and practice of project management. The paper analyzes the essence of the concept of «IT project», as well as identifies its features, including: non-standard life cycle; mobility and ambiguity of some areas in the IT field; high level of uniqueness of the project; dependence on other IT projects and technologies; low level of project expertise due to the uniqueness of the technologies on which the project is based; high level of project complexity and uncertainty. The essence of the concept of «IT project risk» is also defined, the main types of risks are characterized. The features of using the PMBoK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) methodology in project risk management are analyzed. A characterization of the stages of risk management in IT projects based on the PMBoK approach is provided, including: risk planning; risk identification; qualitative and quantitative risk assessment; planning a risk response strategy; monitoring and control of risks. It is determined that risk management of IT projects using the PMBoK approach has significant shortcomings if used in conditions of a high level of uncertainty and novelty of the project. The article also provides a characterization of flexible risk management of an IT project based on the Agile methodology, which in turn is based on an iterative approach, continuous risk assessment and the development of measures for their adaptation. A comparative characterization of the approaches of PMBoK and Agile to risk management of IT projects is provided: their strengths, weaknesses, and areas of application are identified. It is noted that the choice between PMBoK and Agile approaches should be based on the specific needs of the project and the organizational context. PMBoK will be appropriate for large, long-term projects, as well as in situations where predictability, adherence to the plan are crucial, while Agile is best suited for innovative projects that are implemented in an uncertain or dynamic environment and require flexibility, quick adaptation, and customer focus. A significant number of project managers in the IT field prefer a hybrid approach that combines the strengths of both methodologies.
We summarize research results on association of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) genetic polymorphisms with the development of ecologically determined cancers. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase enzyme system ...is involved in metabolic activation of procarcinogens, which is an important stage during normal cell transformation into a malignant one. Studies of association between CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of cancer development are of particular interest, since the enzyme participates in bio-transformation of numerous procarcinogens. We place special emphasis on characterization of known CYP2E1 polymorphisms and analysis of their role in pathogenesis of various cancer types. Results obtained provide evidence on association of CYP2E1 genetic polymorphisms both with increased and decreased risk of development of malignant tumors. Ethnic and geographic peculiarities were also identified for frequencies of CYP2E1 variants distribution.
The article reveals the trends in tourism activities and analyzes the existing opportunities to improve its structure and territorial organization based on developing green tourism in rural areas. ...The natural conditions and resources of the picturesque rural areas, as well as the unemployed rural population are defined as resources. Forms, sources and mechanisms of organizing green tourism, as well as proposals for the provision and expansion of the range of services are suggested. Prospects for using the EU experience and the benefits of European integration processes for Ukraine are revealed. Recommendations for the establishment of ventures and other tourist associations in the countryside are developed. Research ss conducted in agricultural development; solving employment, organizational and economic problems related to the reproduction of labor potential in the agricultural sector; appearance of new trends in the production and marketing of agricultural commodities. Systemic approach to studying the formation and development of green tourism in the rural areas of Ukraine together with favorable natural potential and surplus labor make up the methodological basis for the work. It is concluded that the development of green tourism in rural areas helps to solve such socio-economic problems in the countryside as unemployment of the rural population. Green tourism in rural areas provides additional income to the rural population, expanding employment opportunities for farmers not only in the manufacturing sector but also in the services sector. With the increase in the number of vacationers it becomes necessary to meet their diverse needs, thus stimulating the development of services: excursions, communications, trade, livelihoods, recreation and entertainment, and so on.
In recent years, the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Belarus (hereinafter referred to as the Code of Criminal Procedure) has been amended to simplify and speed up judicial procedures. One ...of these stories was the appearance of absentee production in 2016. According to Part 1 of Art. 459 Code of Criminal Procedure applies to a person accused of committing a crime that does not represent a great public danger, when the accused fully admits his guilt and civil suit, if he is brought, the recognition made by him is not disputed by any of the parties and is not in doubt with the judge and the guilt of the accused, the legal qualification of the act and the consent of the accused and the victim to the trial in absentia in court are not in doubt; there are no other obstacles to sentencing ra without trial. This article raises the problem of the legal nature of the specified procedure for resolving cases by the court and its compliance with the constitutional provision on the adversarial nature of justice; it is stated that the existing in the legislation of Belarus the construction of the contest as a constitutional principle actually takes the procedure of sentencing without a trial beyond the scope of justice. In such circumstances, competition limits the legislator in creating a more flexible model of justice that meets current trends in simplifying ordinary judicial procedures. In this regard, it is concluded that it is advisable to revise the constitutional version of the principle of competition by supplementing Article 115 of the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus with a norm allowing for the possibility of derogation from it in cases provided for by law.
Physiological stresses (heat, hemodynamics, genetic mutations, oxidative injury and myocardial ischemia) produce pathological states in which protein damage and misfolded protein structures are a ...common denominator. The specialized proteins family of antistress proteins – molecular chaperons (HSPs) – are responsible for correct protein folding, dissociating protein aggregates and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides to the target organelles for final packaging, degradation or repair. They are inducible at different cell processes such as cell division, apoptosis, signal transduction, cell differentiation and hormonal stimulation. HSPs are involved in numerous diseases including cardiovascular pathologies, revealing changes of expression and cell localization.
We studied the possible changes in expression level of abundant mitochondrial chaperon Hsp60 and main human cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (2E1 isoform) at dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) progression at the end stage of heart failure using Western blot analysis. The ischemic and normal humans' hearts were studied as control samples.
We observed the decrease of Hsp60 level in cytoplasmic fraction of DCM- and ischemia-affected hearts' left ventricular and significant increase of Hsp60 in mitochondrial fractions of all hearts investigated. At the same time we detected the increase of P450 2E1 expression level in ischemic and dilated hearts' cytoplasmic fractions in comparison with normal myocardium and no detectable changes in microsomal fractions of hearts investigated which could be linked with increased level of oxidative injury for DCM heart muscle.
In addition, all the changes described are accompanied by significant decrease of ATPase activity of myosin purified from DCM-affected heart in comparison with normal and ischemic myocardia as well.
The data obtained allow us to propose a working hypothesis of functional link between antistress (HSPs) and antioxidative (cytochromes) systems at DCM progression.
The T2K experiment has observed electron neutrino appearance in a muon neutrino beam produced 295 km from the Super-Kamiokande detector with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV. A total of 28 electron neutrino ...events were detected with an energy distribution consistent with an appearance signal, corresponding to a significance of 7.3σ when compared to 4.92±0.55 expected background events. In the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata mixing model, the electron neutrino appearance signal depends on several parameters including three mixing angles θ12, θ23, θ13, a mass difference Δm(32)(2) and a CP violating phase δ(CP). In this neutrino oscillation scenario, assuming |Δm(32)(2)|=2.4×10(-3) eV(2), sin(2)θ(23)=0.5, and Δm322>0 (Δm(32)(2)<0), a best-fit value of sin(2)2θ(13)=0.140(-0.032)(+0.038) (0.170(-0.037)(+0.045)) is obtained at δ(CP)=0. When combining the result with the current best knowledge of oscillation parameters including the world average value of θ(13) from reactor experiments, some values of δ(CP) are disfavored at the 90% C.L.
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