In general, the low-protein agro-industrial residues like cassava bagasse are cheaper but limited in feed use. However, if through an economically attractive bioprocess, these residues are ...transformed into nutritionally enriched products, the animal protein manufacturing cost afford to be diminished. This work aimed to establish an original biological treatment based on special yeasts for cassava bagasse enriching. Batch and Fed-Batch cultures, with raw (CB) or hydrolyzed cassava bagasse (HCB) and corn steep liquor (CSL), were used to screen promising yeasts for valorizing cassava residue. Among the four assessed yeasts (Rhodotorula sp. LABI1, Wickerhamomyces onychis LABI2, Sporidiobolus pararoseus Sia 33.1, Sporobolomyces japonicus Sia 70a), the cultures of S. japonicus Sia 70a produced more biomass when the culture medium comprised 0.5 % CSL and 5.0 % CB (8.6 g/L yeast biomass, biomass-substrate yield factor; YXS=0.23g/g, and maximum specific growth rate; µmax=0.03h−1). However, S. pararoseus Sia 33.1 (11.6 %), W. onychis LABI2 (8–15 %) and S. japonicus Sia 70a (11.8 %) were responsible for higher protein content in the CB due to the yeast biomass incorporated at the end of the process. Amylases were also detected in some cultures (up to 0.4 U/mL), which could improve the cassava bagasse digestibility. These results showed bioprocessing potential by these special yeasts to convert the low-protein cassava bagasse into a nutritionally enriched product. Now a biological evaluation with animals is needed to approve this method for feed purposes.
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•Four yeasts were assessed to enrich cassava bagasse (CB) agro-industrial waste.•S. japonicus Sia 70a produced the highest biomass levels (8.6 g/L).•W. onychis LABI2 was liable for the highest protein content (8–15 %) in CB.•Amylases were detected in some cultures improving the CB digestibility.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has the virus that causes the SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome, which has reached a pandemic proportion, with thousands of deaths worldwide already ...registered. It has no standardized effective clinical treatment, arousing the urgent need for the discovery of bioactive compounds for the treatment of symptoms of COVID-19. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of seasonality on the yield and chemical composition of the essential oils of Piper cernuum and Piper rivinoides as well as to evaluate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential of the major components of each oil by molecular docking and quantum chemical calculation (Density Functional Theory method), being possible indicate that the winter and autumn periods, the seasons of the year where it is possible to obtain the highest percentage of Piper cernuum and Piper rivinoides oils, respectively. Regarding the anti-SARS-Cov-2 potential, the present work showed that the dihydroagarofuran present in Piper cernuum, presented a strong interaction with amino acid residues from Mpro, presenting a potential similar to Remdesivir, a drug for clinical use. Regarding methyltransferase, dihydroagarofuran (Piper cernuum) and myristicin (Piper rivinoids) showed better affinity, with important interactions at the active site of the inhibitor Sinefugin, suggesting a potential inhibitory effect of the heterodimer methyltransferase complex NSP16-NSP10 SARS Cov-2. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies represent an initial step, being indicative for future in vitro studies of dihydroagarofuran and myristicin, as possible pharmacological tools for COVID-19.
Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Facial recognition is one of the most important aspects of social cognition. In this study, we investigate the patterns of change and the factors involved in the ability to recognize emotion in mild ...Alzheimer's disease (AD). Through a longitudinal design, we assessed 30 people with AD. We used an experimental task that includes matching expressions with picture stimuli, labelling emotions and emotionally recognizing a stimulus situation. We observed a significant difference in the situational recognition task (p ≤ 0.05) between baseline and the second evaluation. The linear regression showed that cognition is a predictor of emotion recognition impairment (p ≤ 0.05). The ability to perceive emotions from facial expressions was impaired, particularly when the emotions presented were relatively subtle. Cognition is recruited to comprehend emotional situations in cases of mild dementia.
Abstract
The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of annealed superferritic stainless steel model alloy 25Cr–6Mo–5Ni were investigated in 0.6 M NaCl solution. The microstructure consisted ...of a ferrite matrix and eutectoid phase with a lamellar structure distributed at grain boundaries and within the ferrite grains with a spherical morphology. Tensile and impact results suggested brittle behavior of the model alloy. Fractography analysis revealed typical cleavage facets, river patterns and micro-cracks at grain boundaries and across the ferrite grains. Pitting corrosion began within the eutectoid phase, which contains in chrome depletion zones. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements suggest that the breakdown of passive films was more susceptible in the eutectoid phase.
The traditional use of the M. charantia L. plant to treat coughs, fever and expectoration is widely practiced in different cultures, but its effectiveness and safety still require scientific ...investigation. This study sought to perform a chemical analysis and evaluate the antitussive, expectorant and antipyretic effects of the ethanolic extract of M. charantia leaves (EEMc) in rats and mice. The EEMc was subjected to chemical analysis by HPLC-DAD, revealing the presence of the flavonoids astragalin and isoquercetin. Acute oral toxicity in mice did not result in deaths, although changes in liver weight and stool consistency were observed. EEMc demonstrated an antitussive effect at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg in mice subjected to cough induction by citric acid nebulization. Furthermore, it showed expectorant activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg, assessed based on the elimination of the phenol red marker in bronchoalveolar lavage. In the evaluation of antipyretic activity in rats, fever induced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was reduced at all doses tested during the first hour after treatment. This innovative study identified the presence of astragalin and isoquercetin in EEMc and indicated that the extract has antitussive, expectorant and antipyretic properties.
Pregabalin Responsive Tongue and Arm Tremor after Guillain Barré Syndrome Nóbrega, Paulo Ribeiro; Vasconcelos, Thais de Maria F.; Paiva, Anderson Rodrigues Brandão ...
Movement disorders clinical practice (Hoboken, N.J.),
November 2023, 2023-Nov, 2023-11-00, 20231101, Letnik:
10, Številka:
11
Journal Article
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent pandemic have prompted extensive diagnostic and clinical efforts to mitigate viral spread. However, these strategies have largely overlooked the ...presence of other respiratory viruses. Acute respiratory diseases in pediatric patients can be caused by a diverse range of viral agents, and metagenomics represents a powerful tool for their characterization. This study aimed to investigate the viral abundance in pediatric patients with acute respiratory symptoms who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron pandemic wave. To achieve this, viral metagenomics and next-generation sequencing were employed on 96 nasopharyngeal swab samples, which were organized into 12 pools, with each pool consisting of eight individual samples. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the most prevalent viruses associated with acute disease in pediatric patients were respiratory syncytial virus (detected in all pools) and enteroviruses, which are known to cause significant morbidity and mortality in children. Additionally, clinically significant viruses such as mumps orthorubulavirus, human metapneumovirus, influenza A, and a wide array of human herpesviruses (1, 3–7) were identified. These findings highlight the extensive potential of viral metagenomics in identifying viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 that contribute to acute infections in children. Consequently, this methodology should garner clinical attention in terms of differential diagnosis and the development of public policies to address such conditions in the global pediatric population.
Chagas disease (CD) is a tropical disease caused by the parasite
Trypanosoma cruzi
, transmitted by the barber insect. Currently, there are approximately 7 million infected people in the world, and ...it is estimated that 70 million people could contract this disease. The anacardic acid (AA) showed effectiveness in in silico and in vitro tests. The antichagasic potential of five sulfonamide molecules, derived from anacardic acid, was evaluated from a molecular approach based on the density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics (MD), and molecular docking (docking) calculations. Methyl 2-methoxy-6- (8- (methylsulfonamide) octyl) benzoate (SA1); 2-methoxy-6- (8- (phenylsulfonamide) octyl) benzoate (SA2); methyl 2-methoxy-6- (8- (2methylphenyl sulfonamide) octyl) benzoate (SA3); methyl 2-methoxy-6- (8-(methylphenylsulfonamide)octyl)benzoate (SA4); methyl2-(8-(2,5-dimethylphenylsulfonamide)octyl)-6-methoxybenzoate (SA5) were the investigated molecules. The DFT calculations were performed using the B3LYP/6-311+G (d, p) level of theory. The global and local reactivity data showed that SA1 shows the highest molecular reactivity, while SA2 is the most stable derivative. In addition, the structures of investigated molecules were confirmed by the linear correlations higher than 0.98 displayed between the experimental and calculated spectroscopic data (IR and NMR). Molecular docking of the molecules showed a greater prominence for the SA1, SA2, and SA4 molecules in the results of distances of ligand-cruzain. In molecular dynamics, SA2 obtained better stability due to greater interactions with important amino acids of cruzain.
•Tebuconazole is widely used in agriculture.•PbO2 and Bi-PbO2 films were used in developing an electrodegradation methodology.•The methodology was applied in TBC mineralisation to formation of small ...molecules.•HPLC–ESI/HRMS results in a proposition of oxidation pathway for TBC electrodegradation.
The effect of the Bi doping of PbO2 coatings on the electrochemical degradation of the pesticide tebuconazole (TBC) was investigated. The insertion of 8% Bi (relative to the amount of Pb) in the PbO2 structure afforded a well-defined texturing in the direction of the (200) plane to the PbO2 coatings, as well as, a decrease in the size of the coherent domain of the crystal, an increase in the electrochemical roughness and in the oxidation power of the Bi-doped PbO2 compared with PbO2. Through ultraviolet-visible spectrometry and total organic carbon (TOC) analyses for TCB electrodegradation was possible to chose the current density of 40mAcm−2 as optimized one, with 68% of TOC removed by the Bi-doped electrode and 56% removed by the PbO2 electrode. High resolution liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionisation high resolution mass spectrometry helped to propose an oxidation pathway for the electrochemical degradation of TBC. Nine electrooxidation products were identified; which were produced by hydroxylation of the TBC phenyl group and its consequent oxidation to a ketone (including both mono- and dihydroxylated products), by dechlorination (two different products), and by multiple oxidative steps with ring opening (two different products). It was possible to conclude that the electrooxidation of TBC using Bi-doped PbO2 anodes generated products that were less harmful than TBC itself, thus recommending this electrode as an alternative material for wastewater decontamination.
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