Abstract The progression of epileptiform activity following soman (GD) exposure is characterized by a period of excessive cholinergic activity followed by excessive glutamatergic activity resulting ...in status epilepticus , which may lead to neuropathological damage and behavioral deficits. Caramiphen edisylate is an anticholinergic drug with antiglutamatergic properties, which conceptually may be a beneficial therapeutic approach to the treatment of nerve agent exposure. In the present study, rats were exposed to 1.2 LD50 GD or saline, treated with atropine sulfate (2 mg/kg, im) and HI-6 (93.6 mg/kg, im) 1 min after GD exposure, and monitored for seizure activity. Rats were treated with diazepam (10 mg/kg, sc) and caramiphen (0, 20 or 100 mg/kg, im) 30 min after seizure onset. Following GD exposure, performance was evaluated using a battery of behavioral tests to assess motor coordination and function, sensorimotor gating, and cognitive function. Caramiphen as adjunct to diazepam treatment attenuated GD-induced seizure activity, neuropathological damage, and cognitive deficits compared to diazepam alone, but did not attenuate the GD-induced sensorimotor gating impairment. These findings show that physiological, behavioral, and neuropathological effects of GD exposure can be attenuated by treatment with caramiphen as an adjunct to therapy, even if administration is delayed to 30 min after seizure onset.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of early common infections and perinatal characteristics in the aetiology of childhood common leukaemia. A case-control study was ...conducted from 1995 to 1998 in France, and included 473 incident cases of acute leukaemia (AL) (408 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), 65 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) age-, sex- and region-matched with 567 population-based controls. Data on the medical history of the child and his/her environment were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Analyses were conducted using nonconditional logistic regression. A slight negative association with early infections was observed (OR=0.8; 95% CI (0.6-1.0)). The association was stronger for early gastrointestinal infections. Early day-care was found to be associated with a decreased risk of AL (OR=0.6; 95% CI (0.4-0.8) and OR=0.8; 95% CI (0.5-1.2) for day-care starting before age 3 months and between 3 and 6 months, respectively). No association with breast-feeding was observed, irrespective of its duration. A birth order of 4 or more was associated with a significantly increased risk of AL (OR=2.0; 95% CI (1.1-3.7) with ALL). A history of asthma was associated with a decreased risk of ALL (OR 0.5; 95% CI (0.3-0.90). Although the results regarding birth order and breast-feeding do not fit with Greaves' hypothesis, the study supports the hypothesis that early common infections may play a protective role in the aetiology of childhood leukaemia, although this effect was not more marked for common ALL.
Les pancréatites aiguës récidivantes sont exceptionnellement associées à des mutations du gène de la protéine
CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator).
Un garçon de 17 ans est suivi pour des ...pancréatites aiguës récidivantes isolées. L'étude du gène de la protéine
CFTR montre une mutation
gDF508 hétérozygote.
La recherche des principales mutations de la mucoviscidose doit faire partie du bilan étiologique des pancréatites aiguës récidivantes.
Recurrent pancreatitis is seldom associated with CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator) gene mutation.
A 17-year-old boy presented with isolated idiopathic pancreatitis. CFTR gene mutations study revealed Δ508 heterozygous mutation.
Mutations for the CFTR gene should be explored in case of recurrent pancreatitis.
La maladie de Hodgkin sans adénopathie périphérique ou hépatosplénomégalie est exceptionnelle.
Observation. –
Une maladie de Hodgkin a été révélée par des nodules pulmonaires, dont un excavé, avec un ...élargissement médiastinal. Le diagnostic a été confirmé par une biopsie sous pleuroscopie.
Conclusion. –
La maladie de Hodgkin doit être évoquée devant des nodules pulmonaires associés à un élargissement médiastinal.
Hodgkin’s disease without peripheral lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly is exceptional.
Case report. –
Hodgkin’s disease was revealed by lung nodules, one of them cavitating, with mediastinal enlargement. Diagnosis was confirmed on a video-assisted pleuroscopic biopsy.
Conclusion. –
Hodgkin’s disease should be considered in case of mediastinal enlargement with lung nodules.
Observation. –
Nous rapportons le cas d’une malformation artérioveineuse médullaire cervicale, chez un enfant de neuf ans, révélée par une paraplégie totale, avec une évolution favorable débutant au ...décours d’une corticothérapie, avant l’embolisation.
Conclusion. –
La fréquence de l’évolution spontanément favorable d’une malformation artérioveineuse est mal connue, mais ne doit pas être sous-estimée. Elle pourrait être influencée par une corticothérapie.
Case report. –
We report the case of a nine-year-old child with a cervical medullary arteriovenous malformation (AVM), revealed by total paraplegia, whose regression started during steroid therapy, before embolization.
Conclusion. –
The frequency of AVM’s spontaneous favorable outcome is unknown but should not be underestimated. It might be improved by steroids.
Childhood malignant brain stem tumours have a very poor prognosis with a median survival of 9 months despite radiotherapy. No chemotherapy has improved survival. However, carboplatin has been ...reported to have activity in glial tumours as well as antitumour synergy with radiation. Our aims were to test the response rate of these tumours to carboplatin alone and to evaluate the efficacy on survival of carboplatin alone followed by concurrent carboplatin and radiotherapy. Patients younger than 16 years with typical clinical and radiological presentation of infiltrating brain stem tumour, as well as histologically-documented cases in the atypical forms, were eligible. Two courses of carboplatin (1050 mg/m2 over 3 days) were administered initially. This treatment was followed by a chemoradiotherapy phase including five weekly carboplatin courses (200 mg/m2) and conventional radiotherapy. 38 eligible patients were included. No tumour response was observed after the initial phase. This schedule of first-line carboplatin followed by concurrent carboplatin and radiotherapy did not improve survival.
Maladie cœliaque et déficit en IgA Piguet, C.; de Lumley, L.; Ketterer, S. ...
Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Société française de pédiatrie,
1997, 1997-1-00, Letnik:
4, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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