Maleonn is a prominent photographer and artist of contemporary Chinese photography. Many of his photographic works, particularly the Secondhand Tang Poems series, offer valuable perspectives on how ...traditional Chinese poetic culture is integrated into contemporary digital photography. By analyzing the inspirations, compositions and framing of Secondhand Tang Poems, the study strives to present the extension, distortion, and reinterpretation of traditional Chinese poetry by the photographer, and these practices have allowed poems in the history to travel across time, confronting sociocultural issues in contemporary Chinese society.
Urban green open space is a valuable resource for physical activities of urban inhabitants and has the potential to reduce chronic illness and improve health. Research on the relationships between ...green open space and physical activity is incomplete and limited in China. Thus, the study examines how the urban green open space contributes to physical activity.
A questionnaire was designed based on the social ecology theory to investigate the physical activity of 513 residents in urban green open space. We use the time and frequency of residents exercising in urban green space to measure physical activity, and use the factor analysis to synthesize a large number of original factors (i.e., infrastructure, safety, accessibility, landscape quality, and space environment) into relatively few composite indicators. Based on the collected data of the cross-sectional population, the Order Probit regression model was constructed to analyze how urban green open space affects the residents' physical activity from the perspective of social ecology.
① in community factors: accessibility is significantly positive correlation with residents' physical activity, and there is no significant correlation between safety and physical activity; ②in natural factors: space environment and landscape quality are not significantly correlated with residents' physical activity; ③ in built environmental factors: infrastructures, the area of green space, the size of open space, and entertainment facilities are significantly correlated to residents' activity. Basketball courts, volleyball courts, swimming pools, and sports equipment will promote physical activity; ④ apart from the attributes of green open space, other factors are significantly correlated to physical activity in the green open space, e.g. having a companion.
Urban green open space plays an important role in promoting physical activity especially among the women and the old, and improving the attributes (such as accessibility, infrastructures, the area of green space, the size of open space and entertainment facilities) of the urban green open space and trying to set up group sports proper to play with companion (like "square dancing" and "Tai Chi") can promote Chinese residents' physical activity so as to improve public health. The results are significant to facilitate environment health.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the associated risk factors in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic.
This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20, 2020 to March ...20, 2020 and involved 562 frontline nurses. The effective response rate was 87.68%. After propensity score matched, there were 498 participants left. Extensive characteristics, including demographics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological factors were collected based on a self-reported questionnaire. Specific scales measured the levels of sleep quality, physical activity, depressive symptoms, perceived organization support and psychological capital. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined by binary paired logistic regression.
Of the nurses enrolled in the study, 50.90% had depressive symptoms. Three independent risk factors were identified: poor sleep quality (OR = 1.608, 95% CI: 1.384-1.896), lower optimism of psychological capital (OR = 0.879, 95% CI: 0.805-0.960) and no visiting friend constantly (OR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.286-0.920).
This study revealed a considerable high prevalence of depressive symptoms in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified three risk factors, which were poor sleep quality, lower optimism of psychological capital, and no visiting friend constantly. Protecting mental health of nurses is important for COVID-19 pandemic control and their wellbeing. These findings enrich the existing theoretical model of depression and demonstrated a critical need for additional strategies that could address the mental health in frontline nurses for policymakers.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study examines the spatial layout characteristics of three existing traditional gardens from the 18th–19th century with featured historical backgrounds and landscape designs in Yangzhou City: ...Heyuan Garden (1862), Geyuan Garden (1818), and West Garden of the Daming Temple (1751). Two space syntax models, i.e. visibility graph analysis and segment angular analysis, were used to clarify the characteristics of the garden spaces. A quantitative analysis was conducted using statistical programs to reveal similarities and differences in invisible space-structure relationships among the three gardens. These gardens exhibited comparable centralities in terms of their accessibility distribution characteristics. The “mean depth” and “intelligibility” values were allocated such that visitors could access the global spaces effortlessly owing to the arrangement of these gardens. Scrutinising the “connectivity” parameter revealed that the intuitive perceptions of visitors were more diverse at the knee and eye levels because of the spatial structure of the gardens. This study can help understand the effect of cultural practices and societal norms on the design of traditional gardens. The findings of this study can aid in the conservation of cultural heritage and help restore the gardens in Yangzhou City from the perspective of analysing invisible space structures.
Ancient temple heritage space is a subcategory of integrated spaces with profound religious architecture, culture, and landscape. The temporal and spatial characteristics, spatial layouts, and ...functionalities of ancient temples are gradually transformed during different periods in their development. However, quantitative topological estimation tools, e.g., space syntax and detailed digital spatial models, have seldom been adopted in related studies on ancient temples. Daming Temple is a typical representative of the revitalization of Buddhism monastic building heritage in China. This research studies the spaces of Daming Temple, Yangzhou City, in three different periods and explores its spatio–temporal characteristics based on two space syntax models, i.e., the angle segment analysis (ASA) model and the visibility map analysis (VGA) model. By multi-step quantitative estimation, changes in the mean depth (MD), mean connectivity, and intelligibility of the temple have been observed. The global spatial structure is thoroughly revealed, which indicates the changes in the ‘temple-residence-garden’ inter-relationship. It is indicated that dynamic spatio–temporal characteristics of the temple have been undergoing changes chronically. Some phenomena are found to be effective in offering reasonable explanations for these changes, i.e., the changes in relationships among spaces, visitors’ pathfinding difficulties, and spatial design techniques. It also found that there are certain correlations between temporal–spatial changes and spatial conservation strategies for building heritages. The case study can provide some valuable references for the conservation, reactivation, and redesign of related historical and cultural building heritage in East Asia.
China’s rapid urbanization has been accompanied by serious urban sprawl. Instead of measuring the physical urban boundaries (PUBs), most of existing studies in China rely on yearbook statistics to ...describe the growth of urbanized area; therefore, the understanding of the actual form and quantity of urban sprawl are restrained. As the statistical unit is generally at or above the county level, these studies tend to omit the lower-level “larger towns”. This paper discusses the measurement of urban sprawl and compactness using multi-source data on the GIS platform through the case study of the Wen-Tai region in China. GlobeLand30 remote sensing image data, vector road network data, NPP/VIIRS nighttime light data, and points of interest (POIs) data are adopted. The new method enhances the identification of built-up areas in larger towns. Besides, the 2020s’ PUBs of this region, data for 2010 and 2000 are retraced to assess the urban expansion rate, and two approaches are used to discuss the urban growth pattern. Additionally, a compactness model is constructed from four dimensions, i.e., the compactness of external contour, accessibility of road network, land-use intensity, and functional diversity, by which a high-resolution visual analysis tool is created for the provincial government to monitor urban sprawl.
The Daming Temple, built during 457–464 C.E., is one of the developing ancient temple heritage spaces located in Yangzhou city, P. R. China. Over the past 60 years, variation in visitors’ spatial ...perception along the tour routes in the temple has occurred. This research attempts to reveal the changes in visitors’ visual perception along the spatial sequences at 3 different times (i.e., 1962, 1973 and 2022). A quantitative GIS-based method, which includes analysing the distribution of visitors’ spatial preferences and spatial configuration, is proposed. Digital landscape tools and quantitative estimation methods are used, including mapping within Rhinoceros software, the kernel density estimation (KDE) method within ArcGIS software and spatial syntax analysis within DepthMap software. Extracted geodata from 500 photographs of the heritage space taken by volunteer visitors are analysed within the GIS environment. Values of the mean depth (MD) at both levels of visibility and accessibility are calculated within the visibility graph analysis (VGA) model. Comparisons between the visual preferences of the visitors and the spatial configuration along the spatial sequence are conducted. The results indicate that the spatial sequence has a significant impact on visitors’ visual preferences and tour routes. The phenomenon of spatial sequence among dynamic temporal variations and the effects of narrative spaces along the spatial sequence are highlighted and explained, which reveal the relationship between visitors’ geospatial preference and the spatial configuration of the temple. Some suggestions are put forwards for further studies on the revitalisation and management of East Asian ancient temple heritage spaces.
Gene duplication (GD) leads to the expansion of gene families that contributes organisms adapting to stress or environment and dealing with the infection of various pathogens. C-type lectins (CTLs) ...in crustaceans undergo gene expansion and participate in various immune responses. However, the functions of different CTL produced by GD are not fully characterized. In the present study, two CTL genes (designated as
and
, respectively) were identified from
.
and
originate from GD and the main difference between them is exon 3. PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS respectively contains EPS and QPS motif in their carbohydrate recognition domain. The mRNA levels of
and
in hemocytes, gills, intestine and lymph underwent time-dependent enhancement after D-Mannose and D-Galactose challenge. Recombinant PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS could bind to carbohydrates and microbes, and agglutinate bacteria. The results of experiments on recombinant protein injection and RNA interference indicate that PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS can respectively strong recognize and bind D-Mannose and D-Galactose, activate the Relish transcriptional factor, and further upregulate the expression of different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In addition, these two CTLs and Relish could positively regulate the expression of each other, suggesting that there is a positive feedback loop between two CTLs and Relish that regulates the expression of AMPs. It may contribute to the expansion of the immune response for host quickly and efficiently eliminating pathogenic microorganisms. This study provides new knowledge for clear understanding the significance and function of different CTL generated by GD in immune defenses in crustacean.
It is widely accepted that permeability is a key attribute for sustainable development, but two puzzles remain unsolved. First, there is no consensus on its measurement. Second, there are still many ...new urban developments that lack this quality; regardless, it is a well-known urban design principle. This paper reviews different permeability measurements and proposes to categorize them into four quadrants, then compares eleven of them with four sets of abstract forms and four real cases from Southeast China. The two measures rooted in space syntax theory demonstrate their robustness in the abstract forms. In contrast, the area-based measures cannot quantify the differences between places with similar content. In the actual case studies, by comparing the differences between original plans and the real built forms, we suggest that three traps impair their permeability and therefore deviate greatly from the initial design visions, resulting in automobile-oriented travel patterns. The two new measures were used to quantify the different levels of permeability in these four cases. It is concluded that the qualitative urban design principles may fail to be delivered without a quantitative and precise description of urban form. Consistent measures and more empirical cases are needed to reveal the contribution of spatial networks to sustainable development.
Aim
This study aimed to examine whether and to what extent, empathy mediates the association between nursing professional values and professional quality of life (ProQOL) in Chinese female nurses.
...Design
Cross‐sectional study design.
Methods
A convenience sample of 733 nurses from Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, was recruited. Each participant was invited to complete a self‐administrated socio‐demographic questionnaire, the Nursing Professional Values Scale, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy and the Professional Quality of Life Scale. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and the bootstrap method were employed to analyse data using SPSS 23.0 software.
Results
The participants reported a medium level of ProQOL. Nursing professional values were positively associated with compassion satisfaction but negatively associated with burnout. Empathy mediated 9.2% and 57.1% of the total observed effect of nursing professional values on compassion satisfaction and burnout, respectively.
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