This article presents four ternary terbium complexes based on fluorinated 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA) and N donor bidentate neutral ligands. The prepared complexes were examined by elemental ...study, electrochemical analysis, spectroscopically and thermo-gravimetrically. Spectral analysis shows the bonding of Tb
3+
ion with oxygen and nitrogen atom of diketone and neutral ligand respectively. Upon excitation in UV region, synthesized terbium complexes show luminescence in green region of electromagnetic spectrum. Photoluminescence emission spectra of complexes do not show any ligand based peak suggesting the effective transferal of energy from ligand to metal ion. Green emanation by terbium complexes is owing to intense peak ~547 nm (
5
D
4
→
7
F
5
). The outcome of emission data and CIE coordinates correlate with each other and affirms the utility of green luminous complexes as potential emissive material for optoelectronic gadgets applied in lighting system.
Graphical abstract
1,10-Phenanthroline-based luminescent materials play an important role as an excellent class of optoelectronic materials due to their remarkable and novel attributes for optoelectronic applications. ...There is an enormous demand of luminescent materials in many fields. The foremost objective of this paper is to synthesize fluorescent derivatives of 1,10-phenanthroline. The electronic effect of the substituents on the heteroaromatic ligand has been reviewed in solid state. These ligands were characterized by electrochemical study and spectroscopically. The value of energy band gap is estimated to be 3.0–4.5 eV for synthesized compounds. Photophysical features were analyzed through photoluminescence spectrometer, which indicates a strong impact of the substituents on the photoluminescent properties of the phenanthroline ligand. Upon excitation in ultraviolet region, intense broad band appeared in emission spectra of synthesized compounds lie in visible region which is further supported by CIE color coordinates. The detailed explanation about the geometry and frontier molecular orbitals calculation was carried out with the help of Avogadro and ORCA software.
A series of europium diketonate complexes with 1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione (PBD) and 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives were synthesized and explored spectroscopically. Photophysical characteristics of ...synthesized complexes have been investigated experimentally as well as theoretically. Photoluminescence emission spectra of complexes do not contain any peak of ligand revealing efficient transferal of energy from ligand to Eu
3+
ion. Presence of peak at 611 nm corresponding to
5
D
0
→
7
F
2
transition is responsible for red emanation of ternary europium complexes. Photophysical parameters viz
.,
Judd–Ofelt, quantum efficiency, radiative and non radiative decay rates were also estimated theoretically from LUMPAC software. Geometry optimization of complexes was done via Avogadro software. All synthesized trivalent complexes exhibit red emission which was further sustained by the position of chromaticity coordinates in CIE triangle. These red emanating materials could be utilized in designing electroluminescent display devices.
Graphical Abstract
The octa-coordinated complexes of Sm(III) with
β
-diketone and nitrogen-heterocyclic bidentate auxiliary moiety were prepared and characterized spectroscopically. Spectral outcomes of complexes have ...suggested the isostructural behavior of ternary complexes. Optical bandgap (
E
g
) values of complexes were evaluated from Tauc’s plot. The photoluminescence emission spectra of ternary complexes show Sm
3+
-based peaks at 566, 601, 648, and 707 nm attributed to
4
G
5/2
→
6
H
J
(
J
= 5/2–11/2) transitions. Most intense peak at 648 nm is responsible for orange-red emanation of samarium complexes. Colorimetric analysis of complexes supports the results of emission spectra. The fascinating optical properties of ternary metal complexes in the orange-red visible spectral region might be valuable in designing optoelectronic devices and displays.
Ternary materials of europium complex with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione (tmhd) ligand and aqua ligand as ancillary ligands have been prepared and characterized for various optoelectronic ...characteristics. Reactions of hydrated complex Eu(tmhd)
3
(H
2
O)
2
proceeded with triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO) and pyridine-N-oxide (PNO) ancillary ligands were studied to develop novel complexes. The prepared complexes show good thermal stability. A comparative investigation of prepared materials Eu(tmhd)
3
(H
2
O)
2
, Eu(tmhd)
3
(TPPO)
2
and Eu(tmhd)
3
(PNO)
2
was conducted for their luminescent behaviors in order to obtain the role of ancillary ligand in the enhancement of illumination amount generated from europium (Eu
3+
) ion. Color coordinates of prepared ternary complexes such as Eu(tmhd)
3
(H
2
O)
2
with (
x
= 0.54,
y
= 0.32), Eu(tmhd)
3
(TPPO)
2
with (
x
= 0.56,
y
= 0.32) and Eu(tmhd)
3
(PNO)
2
with (
x
= 0.57,
y
= 0.33) indicated that these materials exhibited bright red emission in visible region spectrum. The complexes show a proficient energy transport pathway from the ligands to the innermost Eu
3+
by means of an ancillary ligand-sensitized luminescence process. Interaction between the metal and ligand results in a distinguished effect on quantum efficiency (
η
) as well as on Judd–Ofelt intensity factor (
Ω
2
) of the prepared materials.
Graphic abstract
Trivalent europium complexes exhibit good luminescent characteristics. A series of octacoordinated ternary europium complexes with fluorinated diketone and heteroaromatic auxiliary unit were ...synthesized. The synthesized europium complexes were characterized by elemental, thermal, electrochemical and spectroscopic analyses. Band gap values lie in range of semiconductors which confirm the conducting behavior of prepared complexes. Photoluminescence spectra were recorded in solid state and DMSO solvent. Emission spectral profiles have displayed most intense peak at ~ 612 nm corresponding to hypersensitive
5
D
0
→
7
F
2
transition. Colorimetric parameters suggest red luminous nature of europium complexes. The luminescent heteroleptic europium complexes might be utilized as emissive materials for fabricating display.
Graphical Abstract
We established a Patient Safety Learning Laboratory comprising 2 core and 3 individual project teams to introduce a suite of digital health tools integrated with our electronic health record to ...identify, assess, and mitigate threats to patient safety in real time. One of the core teams employed systems engineering (SE) and human factors (HF) methods to analyze problems, design and develop improvements to intervention components, support implementation, and evaluate the system of systems as an integrated whole. Of the 29 participants, 19 and 16 participated in surveys and focus groups, respectively, about their perception of SE and HF. We identified 7 themes regarding use of the 12 SE and HF methods over the 4-year project. Qualitative methods (interviews, focus, groups, observations, usability testing) were most frequently used, typically by individual project teams, and generated the most insight. Quantitative methods (failure mode and effects analysis, simulation modeling) typically were used by the SE and HF core team but generated variable insight. A decentralized project structure led to challenges using these SE and HF methods at the project and systems level. We offer recommendations and insights for using SE and HF to support digital health patient safety initiatives.
One of the patient safety goals proposed by the Joint Commission urges hospitals to develop a policy for communicating critical test results and to measure adherence to that policy. We evaluated the ...impact of an alert notification system on policy adherence for communicating critical imaging test results to referring providers and assessed system adoption over the first 4 years after implementation.
This study was performed in a 753-bed academic medical center. The intervention, an automated alert notification system for critical results, was implemented in January 2010. The primary outcome was adherence to institutional policy for timely closed-loop communication of critical imaging results, and the secondary outcome was system adoption. Policy adherence was determined through manual review of a random sample of radiology reports from the first 4 years after the intervention (n = 37,604) compared with baseline outcomes 1 year before the intervention (n = 9430). Adoption was evaluated by quantifying the use of the system overall and the proportion of alerts that used noninterruptive communication as a percentage of all reports generated by 320 radiologists (n = 1,538,059). A statistical analysis of the trend at 6-month intervals over 4 years was performed using a chi-square trend test.
Adherence to the policy increased from 91.3% before the intervention to 95.0% after the intervention (p < 0.0001). There was a ninefold increase in the critical results communicated via the system (chi-square trend test, p < 0.0001). During the first 4 years after the intervention, 41,445 alerts (41% of the total number of alerts) used the system's noninterruptive process for communicating less urgent critical results, which was substantially unchanged over the 4 years postintervention, thus reducing unnecessary paging interruptions.
An automated alert notification system for communicating critical imaging results was successfully adopted and was associated with increased adherence to institutional policy for communicating critical test results and with reduced workflow interruptions.
Abstract
Objective
To determine user and electronic health records (EHR) integration requirements for a scalable remote symptom monitoring intervention for asthma patients and their providers.
...Methods
Guided by the Non-Adoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability (NASSS) framework, we conducted a user-centered design process involving English- and Spanish-speaking patients and providers affiliated with an academic medical center. We conducted a secondary analysis of interview transcripts from our prior study, new design sessions with patients and primary care providers (PCPs), and a survey of PCPs. We determined EHR integration requirements as part of the asthma app design and development process.
Results
Analysis of 26 transcripts (21 patients, 5 providers) from the prior study, 21 new design sessions (15 patients, 6 providers), and survey responses from 55 PCPs (71% of 78) identified requirements. Patient-facing requirements included: 1- or 5-item symptom questionnaires each week, depending on asthma control; option to request a callback; ability to enter notes, triggers, and peak flows; and tips pushed via the app prior to a clinic visit. PCP-facing requirements included a clinician-facing dashboard accessible from the EHR and an EHR inbox message preceding the visit. PCP preferences diverged regarding graphical presentations of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Nurse-facing requirements included callback requests sent as an EHR inbox message. Requirements were consistent for English- and Spanish-speaking patients. EHR integration required use of custom application programming interfaces (APIs).
Conclusion
Using the NASSS framework to guide our user-centered design process, we identified patient and provider requirements for scaling an EHR-integrated remote symptom monitoring intervention in primary care. These requirements met the needs of patients and providers. Additional standards for PRO displays and EHR inbox APIs are needed to facilitate spread.
This study aimed to assess a multipronged strategy using primarily digital methods to equitably recruit asthma patients into a clinical trial of a digital health intervention.
We approached eligible ...patients using at least one of eight recruitment strategies. We recorded approach dates and the strategy that led to completion of a web-based eligibility questionnaire that was reported during the verbal consent phone call. Study team members conducted monthly sessions using a structured guide to identify recruitment barriers and facilitators. The proportion of participants who reported being recruited by a portal or nonportal strategy was measured as our outcomes. We used Fisher's exact test to compare outcomes by equity variable, and multivariable logistic regression to control for each covariate and adjust effect size estimates. Using grounded theory, we coded and extracted themes regarding recruitment barriers and facilitators.
The majority (84.4%) of patients who met study inclusion criteria were patient portal enrollees. Of 6,366 eligible patients who were approached, 627 completed the eligibility questionnaire and were less frequently Hispanic, less frequently Spanish-speaking, and more frequently patient portal enrollees. Of 445 patients who consented to participate, 241 (54.2%) reported completing the eligibility questionnaire after being contacted by a patient portal message. In adjusted analysis, only race (odds ratio OR: 0.46, 95% confidence interval CI: 0.28-0.77,
= 0.003) and college education (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.39-0.91,
= 0.016) remained significant. Key recruitment barriers included technology issues (e.g., lack of email access) and facilitators included bilingual study staff, Spanish-language recruitment materials, targeted phone calls, and clinician-initiated "1-click" referrals.
A primarily digital strategy to recruit patients into a digital health trial is unlikely to achieve equitable participation, even in a population overrepresented by patient portal enrollees. Nondigital recruitment methods that address racial and educational disparities and less active portal enrollees are necessary to ensure equity in clinical trial enrollment.
PDF
