Total Hip Arthroplasty in the Underweight Alfonso, Daniel T., MD; Howell, R. Damani, MD; Caceres, Glinys, MD ...
The Journal of arthroplasty,
10/2008, Letnik:
23, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract The outcomes of 20 patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis with body mass index less than 18.5 (considered underweight) who received total hip arthroplasty at a single ...institution were reviewed. Surgical complications in the first 30 days after surgery included 1 prolonged surgical site drainage and 3 posterior dislocations. Two patients experienced medical complications that included hematemesis, confusion, aspiration pneumonia, and death. Sixty-five percent of the patients received at least one blood transfusion. Harris hip scores improved from 35 to 81 ( P < .05) at an average of 6.1 years (2-10.1 years) of follow-up. Total hip arthroplasty is effective in patients who are underweight; however, they appear to be at an increased risk of dislocation and blood transfusion.
Over the last 4 years, an unprecedented number of studies illuminating the genomic underpinnings of common “polygenic” diseases including coronary artery disease have been published. Notably, these ...studies have established numerous deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) variants within or near chromosome 9p21.3, the LPA , CXADR , and APOE genes, to name a few, as key coronary artery disease and sudden cardiac death susceptibility markers. Most importantly, many of these DNA variants confer over a 2-fold increase in risk for coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and ventricular fibrillation. Additionally, loss-of-function variants in the hepatic cytochrome 2C19 system have now been found to be the predominant genetic mediators of clopidogrel antiplatelet response, with variant carriers having a >3-fold increase in risk for stent thrombosis. In the near future, many additional rare polymorphisms, structural variants, and tissue-specific epigenetic features of the human genome including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin state will emerge as significant contributors to disease pathogenesis and drug response. In aggregate, these findings will have the potential to radically change the practice of cardiovascular medicine. However, only the individual clinician can ultimately enable the translation of these important discoveries to systematic implementation in clinical practice.
Future Use of Genomics in Coronary Artery Disease Samir B. Damani, Eric J. Topol Recent advances in genotyping technology have allowed for easier identification and confirmation of susceptibility ...genes for many complex traits. These technological advances have resulted in defining the genes contributing to a substantial or even majority of population-attributable risk for type 2 diabetes and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cases. Similar progress in replicating novel susceptibility genes for coronary artery disease (CAD) and specifically myocardial infarction is now rapidly occurring, with a recent gene marker on chromosome 9p21 representing a highly significant and common variant susceptibility factor. With improved resequencing technology and better phenotypic characterization of our CAD cases and control subjects, we should achieve successes in gene identification and confirmation similar to diabetes and AMD, thereby allowing us to better quantify CAD risk earlier in life and institute more effective therapy reducing the individual propensity to develop CAD.
The KIF6 Collapse Topol, Eric J., MD; Damani, Samir B., MD, PharmD
Journal of the American College of Cardiology,
11/2010, Letnik:
56, Številka:
19
Journal Article
Serial measurements using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) were undertaken to evaluate progressive periprosthetic bone loss in patients treated for primary bone tumors of the distal femur ...using an uncemented tumor prosthesis. Twelve patients underwent sequential DEXA analysis on average 26.5 and 90.9 months postsurgery. Changes in bone mineral density were measured in regions of interest (ROIs) around the prosthesis stem. The test-retest reliability coefficient (r) ranged from 0.92 to 0.99 for all ROI. In the most distal ROI (ROI1), 10 of 11 patients with 2 measurements showed no change or a small increase in absolute bone mineral density. The results in other ROIs were similar. This longitudinal DEXA data suggest that progressive bone resorption is not problematic with an uncemented distal femur endoprosthesis at intermediate follow-up. Key words: DEXA, stress shielding, uncemented endoprothesis, tumor, bone loss.
Physics-based reliability assessment of embedded passives Damani, M.; Pucha, R.V.; Bhattacharya, S. ...
2004 Proceedings. 54th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37546),
2004, Letnik:
2
Conference Proceeding
Odprti dostop
The integration of passives into boards requires research in process steps, material synthesis and characterization, thermomechanical-electrical modeling, fabrication and reliability testing. The ...literature available on the thermo-mechanical reliability of integral passives and its relation to system level reliability is limited. The reliability of integral passives under thermal excursions through physics-based models is presented in this paper. The thermo-mechanical failure mechanisms and their influence on system electrical parameters (R, L and C parameters) are discussed.
The next-generation convergent microsystems, based on system-on-package (SOP) technology, require up-front system-level design-for-reliability approaches and appropriate reliability assessment ...methodologies to guarantee the reliability of digital, optical, and radio frequency (RF) functions, as well as their interfaces. Systems approach to reliability requires the development of: i) physics-based reliability models for various failure mechanisms associated with digital, optical, and RF Functions, and their interfaces in the system; ii) design optimization models for the selection of suitable materials and processing conditions for reliability, as well as functionality; and iii) system-level reliability models understanding the component and functional interaction. This paper presents the reliability assessment of digital, optical, and RF functions in SOP-based microsystems. Upfront physics-based design-for-reliability models for various functional failure mechanisms are presented to evaluate various design options and material selection even before the prototypes are made. Advanced modeling methodologies and algorithms to accommodate material length scale effects due to enhanced system integration and miniaturization are presented. System-level mixed-signal reliability is discussed thorough system-level reliability metrics relating component-level failure mechanisms to system-level signal integrity, as well as statistical aspects.
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