Recent results on aerogel development for use in Cherenkov counters Danilyuk, A.F; Kirillov, V.L; Savelieva, M.D ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
11/2002, Letnik:
494, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Synthesis of silica aerogel for Cherenkov counters is being studied for more than 10 years at the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis in collaboration with the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. Index ...of refraction, light scattering length and light absorption length are optical characteristics which determine the quality of aerogel Cherenkov counter. These parameters were measured for the aerogel produced. The results are presented.
Development of aerogel Cherenkov detectors at Novosibirsk Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Bähr, J. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
11/2005, Letnik:
553, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The development of aerogel Cherenkov counters with the light collection using a wavelength shifter is described. 80 counters of this type are working in the KEDR detector. A project of similar ...counters for the SND detector based on “heavy” aerogel with
n
=
1.13
has been developed. Aerogel with a refractive index of 1.006–1.13 and dimensions of blocks up to
200
×
200
×
50
mm
3
is produced by the Novosibirsk group for use in Cherenkov counters of different types. The Novosibirsk group is participating in the development of LHCb RICH as well as a beam diagnostics for a photo-injector test facility at DESY–Zeuthen. Recently we started development of RICH based on focusing aerogel (FARICH) for the endcap of the SuperBaBar. For the first time in the world the focusing aerogel with layers of different refractive indices has been produced.
In this work ZrO2–SiO2 aerogels with ZrO2 content of 3, 6 and 10 mol. % in the form of transparent blocks were synthesized using the sol-gel method. The possibility of introducing ZrO2 into a SiO2 ...aerogel without considerable decline of the optical characteristics of the material was shown for the first time. Aerogel samples were studied by several techniques including UV–Vis, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption, the refractive index was determined using beam tests (“Extracted beams” of the VEPP-4M complex). It was shown that the addition of ZrO2 to SiO2 aerogel increases the refractive index without increasing of the aerogel density. For the first time, the possibility of obtaining highly transparent ZrO2–SiO2 aerogel blocks with acceptable optical characteristics for radiator in Cherenkov detectors has been demonstrated. This result makes it possible to achieve high refractive indices in the production of aerogel blocks for Cherenkov detectors to increase their performance.
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were successfully incorporated inside silica aerogel matrix. Solid composite materials were investigated by high‐resolution transmission microscopy, scanning ...electron microscopy, optical spectroscopy. MWCNTs in the form of small bundles and individual tubes get locked inside the aerogel between its pores resulting in the local solution‐free environment for nanotubes. Optical transmission of the composite material can be modified by the amount of the added MWCNTs. Nonlinear optical properties were studied by a Z‐scan technique. Composite materials demonstrate saturable absorption for femtosecond laser pulses at 515 nm wavelength that are attributed to the properties of embedded nanotubes. Silica aerogels possess significantly better thermal stability compared to polymer matrices, hosts that are frequently used for saturable absorption applications of carbon nanotubes. Solid and lightweight silica aerogels with embedded nanotubes can be used as optical elements for various photonic devices.
Photo of silica aerogel with embedded MWCNTs. Normalized Z‐scan transmittance of silica aerogel with nanotubes for two different on‐focus intensities.
Aerogel has been successfully used as a radiator in Cherenkov detectors. In 2004, a multilayer aerogel providing Cherenkov ring focusing was proposed and produced. FARICH (Focusing Aerogel Rich ...Imaging CHerenkov) detectors such as ARICH for Belle-II (KEK, Japan), Forward RICH for PANDA detector (FAIR, Germany), and FARICH for the Super Charm-Tau factory project (BINP, Novosibirsk) have been developed based on this aerogel. Prototypes of FARICH detector based on MRS APD and Philips DPC photosensors were developed and tested in the framework of this project. An angular resolution for Cherenkov rings of 3.6 mrad was achieved.
Performance of aerogel as Cherenkov radiator Bellunato, T; Calvi, M; Matteuzzi, C ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2004, Letnik:
519, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Aerogel with index of refraction around 1.03 has been studied as Cherenkov radiator in a test at CERN PS using a π
− and a mixed π
+/p beam of momenta between 6 and
10
GeV/c
. The Cherenkov photons ...were detected by means of four large HPD tubes designed and constructed at CERN. Results on the photoelectron yield, the Cherenkov angle and its resolution, and the π/p separation are obtained. The performances measured demonstrate that a RICH with aerogel is a viable detector for experiments with high multiplicity of particles in the final state.
Particle identification aerogel counter with n=1.13 for π/K separation Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Beloborodov, K.I. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
11/2010, Letnik:
623, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The paper is devoted to the cosmic muon tests of particle identification system for the SND detector at the new VEPP-2000 e+e− collider. The goal of the tests is to measure average signal for the ...relativistic particles. The measurements of the average signal were done at five different points of the counter. Obtained values of the signal are close to 10 photoelectrons. Preliminary results for misidentification probability for π and K mesons with the energy of 1000MeV are presented.
Samples of silicon dioxide aerogel with embedded Ag and Eu β-diketonate molecules are obtained by impregnation in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO
2
). The sample impregnated by Eu(tta)
3
...molecules possesses photoluminescence properties. Moreover, adsorption of Eu(tta)
3
on the walls of the pores results in a strong broadening of the Stark components of its photoluminescence spectra. It is found that aerogel impregnation by AgFOD molecules followed by laser irradiation causes the formation of Ag nanoparticles in the sample volume as a result of AgFOD photolysis and subsequent diffusion self-assembly. The Ag nanoparticles assemble into filament structures due to self-organization as they focus laser radiation.
The method of improvement of Cherenkov angle resolution in RICH detectors using ‘focusing’ aerogel radiators (FARICH) is under investigation. The ‘focusing’ three-layer aerogel radiator was ...investigated using a digital radiographic device. The Monte Carlo calculations of velocity resolution based on measured variations of the refractive index in aerogel tile are presented. With the observed variations,
π
- and K-mesons can be separated up to 8.4
GeV/
c,
π
- and
μ
-mesons can be separated up to
1.6
GeV
/
c
.
We studied the use of sodium fluoride radiator in a RICH detector. NaF radiator extends the working momentum region for the
π
/
K
identification down to 0.6
GeV/
c. It has been shown that a RICH detector with NaF radiator can achieve a competitive velocity resolution up to 5
GeV/
c as compared to single-layer aerogel RICH.
Aerogel Cherenkov counters for the KEDR detector Barnyakov, M.Yu; Bobrovnikov, V.S; Buzykaev, A.R ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2000, Letnik:
453, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The project of Cherenkov counters based on Aerogel, wavelength SHIfter, and PHotomultiplier (ASHIPH) for the KEDR detector is described. The Monte Carlo simulation of number of photoelectrons was ...carried out. The first counters have been produced. Measurements with cosmic particles were performed. As compared with the direct light collection on PMT, the ASHIPH method allows the diminishment of the number of PMTs essentially. The optical properties of aerogels produced at KEK and at Novosibirsk are presented.
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