Background High-quality routine care data collected in the clinical registry play a significant role in improving the management of cancer patients. Clinical cancer registries record important data ...in the course of cancer diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and survival. Analyses of such comprehensive data pool make it possible to improve the quality of patients care and compare with other health care providers. Methods The first inquiry at the Department of Gynaecologic and Breast Oncology of the then General Hospital Maribor to follow breast cancer patients has been introduced in 1994. Based on our experience and new approaches in breast cancer treatment, the context of inquiry has been changed and extended to the present form, which served as a model for developing a relevant computer programme named Onko-Online in 2014. Results During the 25-year period, we collected data from about 3,600 breast cancer patients. The computer program Onko-Online allowed for quick and reliable collection, processing and analysis of 167 different data of breast cancer patients including general information, medical history, diagnostics, treatment, and follow-up. Conclusions The clinical registry for breast cancer Onko-Online provides data that help us to improve diagnostics and treatment of breast cancer patients, organize the daily practice and to compare the results of our treatment to the national and international standards. A limitation of the registry is the potentially incomplete or incorrect data input by different healthcare providers, involved in the treatment of breast cancer patients.
Clinical registries are designed to collect quality data about the care for cancer patients in order to improve it. They gather data that are generated during diagnosis and cancer treatment and also ...post-treatment follow-up. Analysis of collected data allows an improvement in the quality of patient care and a comparison with other health care providers. The aim of the present article is to describe the current version and practice of hospital-based cervical cancer registry in UKC Maribor.
The first questionnaire for monitoring patients with cervical cancer was introduced at the Department of Gynecologic and Breast Oncology of the Maribor General Hospital in 1994. Since then, the principles for treating cervical cancer have been revised on several occasions. Therefore, based on our experience and new approaches to treatment, we have frequently amended the questionnaire content. It was redesigned into a form that is currently in use and transformed into a Cervix-Online computer program in 2014.
Over the last 27 years, we have collected data on cervical cancer patients treated at the University Medical Centre Maribor and former Maribor General Hospital. The Cervix-Online computer program that was developed for this purpose enabled a rapid and reliable collection, processing and analysis of 116 different data of patients with cervical cancer, including general data, history, diagnostic procedures, histopathological examination results, treatment methods, and post-treatment follow-ups.
The hospital-based cervical cancer registry with Cervix-Online computer program enables the collection of data to enhance diagnosis and the treatment of cervical cancer patients, the organization of day-to-day service, as well as the comparison of our treatment results with national and international standards. Incomplete or incorrect data entry, however, might pose a limitation of the clinical registry, which depends on several healthcare professionals involved in the diagnostic procedures, treatment, and follow-up of cervical cancer patients.
This review summarizes the recent findings of a vast array of studies conducted on androgen receptor-positive triple-negative breast cancer (AR-positive TNBC) to provide a better understanding of ...this specific breast cancer subgroup. AR expression is correlated with higher age, lower histological grade, lower proliferation index Ki-67, spiculated masses, and calcifications on mammography. Studies investigating the correlation between AR expression and lymph node metastasis are highly discordant. In addition, results regarding prognosis are highly contradictory. AR antagonists are a promising novel therapeutic approach in AR-positive TNBC. However, AR signaling pathways should be more investigated in order to understand the influence of AR expression on TNBC more thoroughly.
We are presenting the results of the Slovenian human papillomaviruses (HPV) self-sampling pilot study in colposcopy population of National Cervical Cancer Screening Programme ZORA for the first time. ...One-year and four-year follow-up results are presented for two different self-sampling devices.
A total of 209 women were enrolled in the study at colposcopy clinic. Prior to the gynaecological examination, all women performed self-collected vaginal swab at the clinic; 111 using Qvintip and 98 using HerSwab self-sampling device. After self-sampling, two cervical smears were taken by a clinician; first for conventional cytology and second for HPV test. After that, all women underwent colposcopy and a cervical biopsy if needed. We compared sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of cytology (at the cut-off atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or more ASC-US+) and HPV test (on self- and clinician-taken samples) for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more (CIN2+) after one and four years of follow-up. Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) assay was used for all HPV testing.
The mean age of 209 women was 37.6 years and HPV positivity rate 67.0% (140/209), 36.9 years and 70.3% (78/111) in the Qvintip group and 38.4 years and 63.3% (62/98) in the HerSwab group, respectively. Overall, percent agreement between self and clinician-taken samples was 81.8% (kappa 0.534) in the Qvintip and 77.1% (kappa 0.456) in the HerSwab group. In the Qvintip group, the longitudinal sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 71.8%, 75.0%, 83.6%, 60.0% for cytology; 83.1%, 51.3%, 75.6% and 62.5% for HPV test of self-taken samples and 94.4%, 57.5%, 79.8% and 85.2% for HPV test on clinician-taken samples. In the HerSwab group, the corresponding results were 71.7%, 46.7%, 61.3%, 58.3% for cytology; 75.0%, 47.7%, 62.9% and 61.8% for HPV test on self-taken samples and 94.3%, 44.4%, 66.7% and 87.0% for clinician-taken samples, respectively.
The results confirm that HPV self-sampling is not as accurate as clinician sampling when HC2 is used. All HPV tests showed a higher sensitivity in detecting CIN2+ compared to cytology. Due to non-inferior longitudinal sensitivity of HPV self-sampling compared to cytology, HPV self-sampling might be an option for non-attenders to the National Cancer Screening Programme.
Although the incidence of retained surgical items (RSIs) is low, it is nevertheless an important preventable cause of patient injury that can ultimately lead to the patient's death and to subsequent ...high medical and legal costs. Unintentional RSI is the cause of 70% of re-interventions, with a morbidity of 80% and mortality of 35%. The most common RSIs are sponges or gauze (gossypiboma or textiloma), while retained surgical instruments and needles are rare. Perioperative counting of equipment and materials is the most common method of screening for RSIs, while a diagnosis can later be confirmed by the clinical appearance and by imaging studies. We present a rare case of a 43-year-old patient who was admitted to our hospital because of two retained needles following a cesarean section, despite several subsequent laparotomies. One needle had been removed previously, but in addition to the remaining needle, we also removed a retained gauze. The diagnosis of RSIs is extremely important, and safe surgical practices including the addition of new imaging technologies should be encouraged to detect RSIs.
Gynaecological cancers and their cell lines Skok, Kristijan; Gradišnik, Lidija; Maver, Uroš ...
Journal of cellular and molecular medicine,
April 2021, Letnik:
25, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Cell lines are widely used for various research purposes including cancer and drug research. Recently, there have been studies that pointed to discrepancies in the literature and usage of cell lines. ...That is why we have prepared a comprehensive overview of the most common gynaecological cancer cell lines, their literature, a list of currently available cell lines, and new findings compared with the original studies. A literature review was conducted via MEDLINE, PubMed and ScienceDirect for reviews in the last 5 years to identify research and other studies related to gynaecological cancer cell lines. We present an overview of the current literature with reference to the original studies and pointed to certain inconsistencies in the literature. The adherence to culturing rulesets and the international guidelines helps in minimizing replication failure between institutions. Evidence from the latest research suggests that despite certain drawbacks, variations of cancer cell lines can also be useful in regard to a more diverse genomic landscape.
Endometrial cancer and its cell lines Skok, Kristijan; Maver, Uroš; Gradišnik, Lidija ...
Molecular biology reports,
02/2020, Letnik:
47, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological malignancies worldwide. One type of research in this field is the growing of cell lines (CLs) and cultures, which can be used to explore ...the biological mechanisms of cancer. The purpose of this review is to offer an overview of the current literature and highlight the importance of correct CL studies. We carried out a literature analysis of more than 60 articles from the Pubmed, Medline databases that were almost exclusively published in indexed journals in the last 10 years as well as the primary originating scientific studies of specific CLs. We then summarized the newest findings and recommendations. Cell lines are becoming widely used as in vitro tumour models. Recent work has shown inconsistencies in nomenclature and culturing of CLs. Their genomic evolution leads to a high degree of variation across CL strains therefore it is of the utmost importance to recognize the variability within laboratory cancer models. Laboratories must adapt, incorporate additional characterisation techniques and view this situation as an opportunity to improve the reproducibility of pre-clinical cancer research. The authors offer a comprehensive literature review about endometrial cancer CLs, a review of the current literature and advice on culturing CLs.
Objective
Clinical and pathological characteristics of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment are required for escalation or de-escalation of treatment because of a lack of druggable targets. ...This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the risk of disease recurrence and disease-related death in patients with TNBC.
Methods
Patients with TNBC who were treated at the University Medical Centre Maribor between January 2010 and December 2017 were studied. Clinical and pathological data were analyzed using multivariate analysis and non-parametric tests. Subgroup analysis was performed to examine additional factors that affect 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival.
Results
Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size and the lymph node ratio (LNR) were significant risks in our population. Better discrimination of patients at risk of a shorter recurrence-free survival and OS was achieved by using the LNR. Only lymphovascular invasion was significant for predicting 5-year OS.
Conclusion
For risk-based decision-making systems, the LNR is useful for discriminating between high- and low-risk patients with TNBC.
Trojno negativni rak dojk (TNRD) predstavlja 10–20 % vseh primerov raka dojk. Zanj je značilno, da estrogenski receptorji, progesteronski receptorji in receptor HER2 niso izraženi. Kadar je tumor ...negativen tudi za androgene receptorje, govorimo o četverno negativnem raku dojk. TNRD se v številnih lastnostih razlikuje od ostalih tipov raka dojk. Incidenca je višja pri Afroameričankah in mlajših ženskah. Histološko gre večinoma za invazivne duktalne karcinome, ki so v večjem deležu slabo diferencirani. Pogosteje pride do sistemskega razsoja bolezni kot pa do lokalnega recidiva. Pogosteje kot ostale vrste raka dojk zaseva v visceralne organe. Slabše je celokupno preživetje, čas do ponovitve bolezni pa je krajši. Edino učinkovito standardno sistemsko zdravljenje je kemoterapija. Med novejšimi zdravili za zdravljenje TNRD kažejo svojo učinkovitost zaviralci PARP in imunoterapija, vendar le pri določenih podtipih TNRD. Številne klinične raziskave na tem področju že potekajo.
Človeški (humani) papilomavirusi (HPV) so heterogena skupina virusov, ki jih etiološko povezujemo z benignimi in malignimi novotvorbami ploščatoceličnega epitela. Prav tako pa se vpletajo tudi v ...karcinogenezo adenokarcinomov. Zmotno je prepričanje, da je okužba s HPV povezana zgolj z rakom materničnega vratu. Številne raziskave so potrdile povezavo med okužbo s HPV in nastankom anogenitalnih bradavic, papilomatoze grla, raka glave in vratu ter nenazadnje novotvorb zunanjega spolovila, nožnice, anusa in penisa. Okužba s HPV je danes v razvitih državah poznana kot najpogostejša spolno prenosljiva bolezen. Z njo se okuži večina spolno aktivnih ljudi vsaj enkrat v življenju. Pred okužbo se lahko zaščitimo s splošnimi ukrepi, kot so manjše število spolnih partnerjev, kasnejši začetek spolnega življenja ter varno in odgovorno vedenje. Trenutno ne poznamo specifičnega protivirusnega zdravljenja okužbe s HPV. Najuspešnejša metoda, s katero lahko preprečimo okužbo s HPV, je cepljenje. Z obstoječimi cepivi lahko preprečimo večino hujših predrakavih sprememb in raka materničnega vratu ter druge benigne in maligne neoplazme, povzročene z okužbo z virusi HPV.
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