The present study demonstrates the spatial analysis and mapping of fish and different measures of environmental parameters and fish diversity of Pong reservoir, Himachal Pradesh, using Kriging ...spatial interpolation methods for geographical information system mapping. Seasonal data on environmental parameters, potential fish habitat and fish diversity was collected from lentic (dam), lentic (reservoir), transitional and lotic zone of the reservoir.. Important environmental parameters like water temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, water depth and transparency showed variations across the different zones of the reservoir. The sediment of the reservoir was sandy clay loam in nature as per texture analysis. Fish species richness, Shannon index and evenness index showed a similarity of the lotic and lentic (reservoir) zones of the reservoir. Six potential fish breeding grounds were identified in the reservoir indicating high conservation significance. The analysis of data showed a declining trend in fish production from 456.9 tonnes during the decade 1976–1987 to 347.91 tonnes during 2009–2020. The factors like anthropogenic climate change, predation of a stocked fish juvenile by water birds, undersized fish stocking and unscientific management are the probable reasons for the decreasing fish production. The spatial variation pattern of the water spread area, environmental parameters, fish catch and potential fish breeding grounds depicted in the GIS platform can be used as an important information base by the policy makers for fisheries management. The stocking of large size fish as a stocking material and adequate protection of the potential fish breeding grounds are the key advisories for the sustainable enhancement of fisheries as well as conservation.
Gravastars in f ( R , T ) gravity Das, Amit; Ghosh, Shounak; Guha, B. K. ...
Physical review. D,
06/2017, Letnik:
95, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We propose a unique stellar model under the f(R,T) gravity by using the conjecture of Mazur-Mottola P. Mazur and E. Mottola, Report No. LA-UR-01-5067, P. Mazur and E. Mottola, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. ...USA 101, 9545 (2004) which is known as gravastar and a viable alternative to the black hole as available in literature. This gravastar is described by the three different regions, viz., (I) Interior core region, (II) Intermediate thin shell, and (III) Exterior spherical region. The pressure within the interior region is equal to the constant negative matter density which provides a repulsive force over the thin spherical shell. This thin shell is assumed to be formed by a fluid of ultrarelativistic plasma and the pressure, which is directly proportional to the matter-energy density according to Zel’dovich’s conjecture of stiff fluid Y. B. Zel’dovich, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 160, 1 (1972), does counterbalance the repulsive force exerted by the interior core region. The exterior spherical region is completely vacuum and assumed to be de Sitter spacetime which can be described by the Schwarzschild solution. Under this specification we find out a set of exact and singularity-free solution of the gravastar which presents several other physically valid features within the framework of alternative gravity.
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The current status of electric dipole moments of diamagnetic atoms which involves the synergy between atomic experiments and three different theoretical areas,
i.e.
particle, nuclear and atomic, is ...reviewed. Various models of particle physics that predict CP violation, which is necessary for the existence of such electric dipole moments, are presented. These include the standard model of particle physics and various extensions of it. Effective hadron level combined charge conjugation (C) and parity (P) symmetry violating interactions are derived taking into consideration different ways in which a nucleon interacts with other nucleons as well as with electrons. Nuclear structure calculations of the CP-odd nuclear Schiff moment are discussed using the shell model and other theoretical approaches. Results of the calculations of atomic electric dipole moments due to the interaction of the nuclear Schiff moment with the electrons and the P and time-reversal (T) symmetry violating tensor-pseudotensor electron-nucleus are elucidated using different relativistic many-body theories. The principles of the measurement of the electric dipole moments of diamagnetic atoms are outlined. Upper limits for the nuclear Schiff moment and tensor-pseudotensor coupling constant are obtained combining the results of atomic experiments and relativistic many-body theories. The coefficients for the different sources of CP violation have been estimated at the elementary particle level for all the diamagnetic atoms of current experimental interest and their implications for physics beyond the standard model is discussed. Possible improvements of the current results of the measurements as well as quantum chromodynamics, nuclear and atomic calculations are suggested.
Tilapiines are one of the most widely farmed fish species and currently being cultured in >100 countries in the World. Over the last few years, large-scale mortalities have been reported in tilapia ...due to infection with orthomyxo-like virus i.e. Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) which is considered as a threat to global tilapia industry. In the present study, we report outbreaks of TiLV disease in farmed tilapia in two states, West Bengal and Kerala from India. Diseased fish exhibited lethargy, inappetance and skin erosions with >85% mortality. TiLV infection was confirmed on the basis of PCR amplification and sequencing of segment 3 of TiLV, histopathology, infection of fish cell line and bioassay. CLUSTALW alignment of the partial sequences of segment 3 of the TiLV revealed that North 24 Parganas (MF502419) and South 24 Parganas (MF582636) of West Bengal, India showed 97.2% and Ernakulam, Kerala, India (MF574205) showed 96.4% similarity with TiLV from Israel (KJ605629.1). In histopathology, typical syncytial giant cells in liver and congestion of the blood vessels along with haemorrhages in sections of brain tissue were observed. The filtered tissue homogenate prepared from liver and brain of affected tilapia produced cytopathic effects in CFF cell line derived from Pristolepis fasciatus. The disease was successfully reproduced in naive tilapia following injection of culture supernatant from infected cell line and TiLV was successfully reisolated from experimentally infected tilapia. This is the first report of TiLV from India and adds to the reports of TiLV outbreaks in five countries across three continents.
•Mortalities were observed in farmed tilapia from West Bengal and Kerala, India.•Samples were positive for tilapia lake virus(TiLV) in RT PCR amplification.•NCBI-BLAST of the PCR amplicons showed maximum similarity with TiLV from Israel.•Typical syncytial giant cells were observed in sections of liver.•Filtered tissue homogenate from liver and brain of affected tilapia produced CPE in CFF cell line.
Aquaculture is emerging as one of the most viable and promising enterprises for keeping pace with the surging need for animal protein, providing nutritional and food security to humans, particularly ...those residing in regions where livestock is relatively scarce. With every step toward intensification of aquaculture practices, there is an increase in the stress level in the animal as well as the environment. Hence, disease outbreak is being increasingly recognized as one of the most important constraints to aquaculture production in many countries, including India. Conventionally, the disease control in aquaculture has relied on the use of chemical compounds and antibiotics. The development of non-antibiotic and environmentally friendly agents is one of the key factors for health management in aquaculture. Consequently, with the emerging need for environmentally friendly aquaculture, the use of alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in fish nutrition is now widely accepted. In recent years, probiotics have taken center stage and are being used as an unconventional approach that has numerous beneficial effects in fish and shellfish culture: improved activity of gastrointestinal microbiota and enhanced immune status, disease resistance, survival, feed utilization and growth performance. As natural products, probiotics have much potential to increase the efficiency and sustainability of aquaculture production. Therefore, comprehensive research to fully characterize the intestinal microbiota of prominent fish species, mechanisms of action of probiotics and their effects on the intestinal ecosystem, immunity, fish health and performance is reasonable. This review highlights the classifications and applications of probiotics in aquaculture. The review also summarizes the advancement and research highlights of the probiotic status and mode of action, which are of great significance from an ecofriendly, sustainable, intensive aquaculture point of view.
Resistance to conventional anticancer therapies in patients with advanced solid tumors has prompted the need of alternative cancer therapies. Moreover, the success of novel cancer therapies depends ...on their selectivity for cancer cells with limited toxicity to normal tissues. Several decades after Coley's work a variety of natural and genetically modified non-pathogenic bacterial species are being explored as potential antitumor agents, either to provide direct tumoricidal effects or to deliver tumoricidal molecules. Live, attenuated or genetically modified non-pathogenic bacterial species are capable of multiplying selectively in tumors and inhibiting their growth. Due to their selectivity for tumor tissues, these bacteria and their spores also serve as ideal vectors for delivering therapeutic proteins to tumors. Bacterial toxins too have emerged as promising cancer treatment strategy. The most potential and promising strategy is bacteria based gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy. Although it has shown successful results in vivo yet further investigation about the targeting mechanisms of the bacteria are required to make it a complete therapeutic approach in cancer treatment.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
With exceptional attributes like high carrier mobility, long diffusion lengths and tunable spectral absorption window, all-inorganic perovskites have shown the potential to be the most extraordinary ...and market competitive optoelectronic material, making their facile realization and detailed photophysical analysis necessary. Going beyond well reported perovskite quantum dots, all-inorganic cesium lead halide (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br or I) perovskite rods have been realized, both in pure as well as mixed halide phases, via a facile, environmentally benign, room temperature and solution based protocol. Using a series of halide precursor alterations in this general synthesis protocol, we have tailored the chemical and optical features of the rod in a subtle manner. The highlights of this synthesis protocol are the zero thermal budget and the ability to bulk produce and have tailor made control over exact phase formation. Pure phase halide perovskite rods were crystallized in the orthorhombic phase. These rods exhibit a strong intense cathodoluminescence emission which can be tuned over the entire visible range by varying the halide composition. Besides cathodoluminescence, these single crystalline perovskite rods also exhibited wavelength tunable photoluminescence. In addition to the pure phase synthesis of all of the inorganic perovskite forms, the halide induced structural features were also correlated with their optical properties in detail. Halide substituted band gap engineering results were further corroborated computationally via density functional analysis of these perovskites. Our preparation method provides a facile and adaptable pathway to rationally control the different forms of CsPbX3 perovskite, which may lead to opportunities for applications, such as in lasing, light-emitting diodes, solar cells, photo detectors etc.
Present study provides a theoretical investigation of the entropy generation analysis due to flow and heat transfer in nanofluids. For this purpose, the most common alumina–water nanofluids are ...considered as the model fluid. Since entropy is sensitive to diameter, three different diameters of tube in their different regimes have been taken. Those are microchannel (0.1
mm), minichannel (1
mm) and conventional channel (10
mm). To consider the effect of conductivity and viscosity, two different models have been used to represent theoretical and experimental values. It has been found that the reduced equation with the help of order of magnitude analysis predicts microchannel and conventional channel entropy generation behaviour of nanofluids very well. The alumina–water with high viscosity nanofluids are better coolant for use in minichannels and conventional channels with laminar flow and microchannels and minichannel with turbulent flow. It is not advisable to use alumina–water nanofluids with high viscosity in microchannels with laminar flow or minichannels and conventional channels with turbulent flow. Also there is need to develop low viscosity alumina–water nanofluids for use in microchannel with laminar flow. It is observed that at lower tube diameter, flow friction irreversibility is more significant and at higher tube diameter thermal irreversibility is more. Finally, for both laminar and turbulent flow, there is an optimum diameter at which the entropy generation rate is the minimum for a given nanofluid.
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