In Reply Hale, Thomas W; Baker, Teresa; Datta, Palika ...
Obstetrics and gynecology (New York. 1953),
09/2018, Letnik:
132, Številka:
3
Journal Article
In Reply Hale, Thomas W; Baker, Teresa; Datta, Palika ...
Obstetrics and gynecology (New York. 1953),
09/2018, Letnik:
132, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Abstract Background The rapid pace of life, eating habits, and environmental pollution have increased stress levels and its related disorders. The complex molecular response to stress is mediated by ...stress genes and a variety of regulatory pathways. Oxidative stress is internal damage caused by reactive oxygen species. Increasing evidence suggests that chronic psychosocial stress may increase oxidative stress, which in turn may contribute to aging, and etiology of coronary diseases, cancer, arthritis, etc. Psychophysiological concomitants of meditation have been extensively researched, but there are very little data available on biochemical activity leading to relieving stress by causing a relaxation response by Sudarshan Kriya (SK). SK is a breathing technique that involves breathing in three different rhythms. It is preceded by Ujjayi Pranayam (long and deep breaths with constriction at the base of throat) and Bhastrika (fast and forceful breaths through nose along with arm movements). Methods Forty-two SK practitioners and 42 normal healthy controls were recruited for our study. The practitioners had practiced SK for at least 1 year. Selected normal healthy controls did not perform any conventional physical exercise or any formal stress management technique. Whole blood was used for glutathione peroxidase estimation and red blood cell lysate was used for superoxide dismutase activity assay and for glutathione estimation. White blood cells were isolated from fresh blood and assayed for gene expression using reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. The parameters studied are antioxidant enzymes, genes involved in oxidative stress, DNA damage, cell cycle control, aging, and apoptosis. Results A better antioxidant status both at the enzyme activity and RNA level was seen in SK practitioners. This was accompanied by better stress regulation and better immune status due to prolonged life span of lymphocytes by up-regulation of antiapoptotic genes and prosurvival genes in these subjects. Conclusions Our pilot study provides the first evidence suggesting that SK practice may exert effects on immunity, aging, cell death, and stress regulation through transcriptional regulation.
Infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) are highly prevalent among sexually active young women in India. However, not much is known about the incidence of type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) ...infections and their patterns of persistence, especially in the Indian context.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the rate of acquisition and persistence of HPV types in young women.
Women residing in an urban slum in Delhi (n=1300) were followed for 24 months at 6 monthly intervals. Exfoliated cervical cells collected at each visit were tested for the presence of HPV DNA. Genotyping was performed using the reverse line blot assay.
The incidence rate for any HPV type was calculated to be 5 per 1000 women-months. Among high risk HPV types, HPV16 had the highest incidence rate followed by HPV59, HPV52 and HPV18, i.e., 3.0, 0.58, 0.41 and 0.35 women per 1000 women-months respectively. The persistence rate was higher for high-risk than low-risk HPV types. Among low-risk types, HPV42, HPV62, HPV84 and HPV89 were found to persist. Whereas almost all high risk types showed persistence, the highest rate was found in women with HPV types 16, 45, 67, 31, 51 and 59. The persistence rate for HPV16 infection was 45 per 1000 women-months.
Incident HPV infections and high risk HPV type-specific persistence were found to be high in our study population of young married women. Understanding the patterns of HPV infection may help plan appropriate strategies for prevention programs including vaccination and screening.
Abstract Background : The number of women infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) and the distribution of the HPV genotypes vary across populations and with age. Objective : To determine the ...prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV in young married women aged 16–24 years. Methods : 1300 women residing in an urban slum in Delhi donated samples of exfoliated cervical cells that were collected by the Digene® kit and tested for the presence of HPV DNA by two techniques in parallel, i.e., PCR using PGMY consensus primers for all HPV types and the Digene HPV test (Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) Probe B for high-risk (hr) types. Genotyping was done on all HPV positive samples using the Roche reverse line blot assay. Results : HPV infection was detected in 91/1300 (7%) samples by PCR and 110/1300 (8.4%) samples by HC2. Genotyping identified 20 high-risk and 11 low-risk types. HPV16 was the commonest high-risk type (3%) followed by HPV52 (1.2%) and HPV51 (0.8%). Among low-risk types, HPV62 was the commonest (0.8%), followed by HPV84 and HPV89 (0.5% each). Multiple infections were found in 3% of the HPV positive samples. Conclusion : A wide spectrum of HPV genotypes is seen in this young population. Knowledge about HPV types prevalent in communities in different regions of India would be useful in devising the optimum strategy for cervical cancer prevention.
Various triacsin C analogs, containing different alkenyl chains and carboxylic acid bioisoteres including 4-aminobenzoic acid, isothiazolidine dioxide, hydroxylamine, hydroxytriazene, and ...oxadiazolidine dione, were synthesized and their inhibitions of long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL) were examined. Two methods, a cell-based assay of ACSL activity and an in situ (14)C-palmitate incorporation into extractable lipids were used to study the inhibition. Using an in vivo leukocyte recruitment inhibition protocol, the translocation of one or more cell adhesion molecules from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane on either the endothelium or leukocyte or both was inhibited by inhibitors 1, 9, and triacsin C. The results suggest that inhibition of ACSL may attenuate the vascular inflammatory component associated with ischemia reperfusion injury and lead to a decrease of infarct expansion.
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Introduction: HPV is strongly associated with cervical cancer and is highly prevalent in sexually active women. In Indian women, it affects nearly 132,000 and kills 76,000 annually. ...Geographical variations in the epidemiological aspects of HPV such as incidence, prevalence, age and type distribution are seen and knowledge of these variables in a region‐specific context is necessary for designing effective interventional strategies.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of HPV infection and associated genotypes in cervical samples in Northern India.
Methodology: 800 exfoliated cervical swab samples were collected from unscreened married women aged 16–24 years. HPV testing was done by Hybrid Capture assay 2 and PCR using PGMY L1 consensus primers. HPV genotyping was done for positive samples by Reverse Line blot array.
Results: HPV DNA was detected in 69 (8.6%) samples. In HPV positive samples, type 16 was seen in 36.2% and HPV 51 and 59, 13% each. A single HPV type was found in 40 (58%) cases and mixed infection seen in 29 (42%).
Conclusions: Multiple high‐risk HPV infections were most prevalent in young women and HPV‐16 was the dominant type. Etiologic role and persistence are being studied by doing 6 monthly follow up. HPV incidence, prevalence and type can give an indication of the natural history of HPV infection in the younger age group. This study was supported by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India.
A study of human papilloma virus (HPV) types and variants is important for developing preventive protocols and appropriate intervention targets. The presence of HPV types, their variants, and viral ...load in a population subset from North India was studied. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and line blots were used for HPV genotyping; HPV 16 and 18 viral loads were measured using real-time PCR. Variant analysis was done by sequencing of the PCR-amplified E6/E7 regions of HPV 16 and the long control region and E6/E7 regions of HPV 18. The 93.6%, 78.6%, and 10% of tumors, squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs), and controls were HPV-positive, respectively. The most commonly observed type was HPV 16. Human papilloma virus 73 which is uncommonly observed was seen in 2 tumors. Multiple infections were more common in controls and SILs than tumors. The majority (86.4%) of the HPV 16-positive and all of the HPV 18-positive samples belonged to the European variant class. Five novel nonsynonymous changes were seen in the HPV 16-positive and 2 in HPV 18-positive samples. There was a significant increase in viral loads from controls through SILs to tumors, but no significant differences in viral loads were observed between different stages of cancer. In tumors, a significant increase in HPV 16 viral loads was seen with increasing age. The study shows a similar HPV type and variant distribution to European studies, with some differences in type distribution. Viral load does not appear to be good marker for stage wise progression and intralesional variability may affect its use as a differentiating parameter between high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.
Early metastasis and a poor five-year survival make lung cancer the leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. The clinical profile of lung cancer patients in India differs from the West as ...they present earlier, with squamous cell carcinoma being the commonest histological type. We compared gene expression profiles in primary lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and matched normal lung tissues in Asian Indians. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, two subtracted cDNA libraries containing differentially expressed genes in the tumors were constructed. Differential expression was confirmed by reverse Northern blot analysis. DNA of confirmed clones was sequenced and subjected to GenBank Blast searches. RNA expression levels were then analyzed by Northern blotting and validated by semiquantitative RT-PCR (in 10 cases of NSCLC). Seventeen differentially expressed gene cDNA fragments of LSCC were analyzed. The differentially expressed genes included those associated with cellular metabolism, cell-cycle, -structure, -adhesion, transcription, proliferation, apoptosis and signal transduction. The study provided first evidence that KIAA0767, a Death Inducing Protein, a novel p53 independent target of E2F1, and Geminin, an inhibitor of DNA replication are differentially expressed in LSCC. Identification of the differentially expressed genes in lung cancer in this study may serve as better molecular markers for early diagnosis and identifying novel intervention sites for anticancer therapy.
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