Following the random approach of Mitake, Siconolfi,Tran and Yamada, we define a Lax--Oleinik formula adapted to evolutive weakly coupled systems of Hamilton--Jacobi equations. It is reminiscent of ...the corresponding scalar formula, with the relevant difference that it has a stochastic character since it involves, loosely speaking, random switchings between the various associated Lagrangians. We prove that the related value functions are viscosity solutions to the system, and establish existence of minimal random curves under fairly general hypotheses. Adding Tonelli like assumptions on the Hamiltonians, we show differentiability properties of such minimizers, and existence of adjoint random curves. Minimizers and adjoint curves are trajectories of a twisted generalized Hamiltonian dynamics.
The results of most diagnostic techniques based on modal analysis strictly depend on the accuracy of the structural analytical model that one uses, on the measurement errors and on the severeness of ...the damage to be identified. The sensitivity of a particular damage identification technique is discussed and it is shown that the above aspects are crucial even when dealing with simple structural models.
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A sepse grave representa a síndrome de resposta inflamatória sistêmica resultante de uma infecção, na presença de disfunção cardiovascular, síndrome do desconforto ...respiratório agudo ou duas ou mais disfunções orgânicas. Embora a mortalidade atribuída à sepse em crianças tenha sido reduzida de maneira significativa nas últimas décadas, a incidência de óbitos em recém-nascidos permanece elevada (20% a 40%), a despeito dos avanços em cuidados intensivos. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o caso de um recém-nascido com sepse, choque e disfunção de múltiplos órgãos e sistemas (DMOS) que se beneficiou do uso da proteína C ativada. RELATO DO CASO: Recém-nascido prematuro, do sexo masculino, nascido de cesariana em decorrência de ruptura prematura de membranas e sofrimento fetal agudo. Internado na UTI-Neonatal por insuficiência respiratória aguda secundária à pneumonia intra-útero. Recebeu assistência ventilatória, surfactante pulmonar exógeno e antibioticoterapia precocemente, evoluindo, no entanto, com hipertensão pulmonar persistente e choque. Houve difícil controle do quadro infeccioso, a despeito de ajustes no esquema de antibioticoterapia, evoluindo com DMOS. No 28º dia, foi iniciado o uso da proteína C ativada. O paciente evoluiu favoravelmente à medicação, com resolução das disfunções orgânicas e ausência de sangramentos. CONCLUSÕES: A proteína C ativada não pode ser prescrita de maneira rotineira no tratamento de recém-nascidos com sepse grave. No caso relatado, no entanto, acredita-se que ela tenha contribuído para a resolução das disfunções orgânicas apresentadas pelo paciente.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Severe sepsis represents the systemic inflammatory response resulting from an infection, associated with one of the following: cardiovascular organ dysfunction, acute respiratory distress syndrome or two or more organ dysfunctions. Although the mortality rate from sepsis in children has steadily decreased in the last decades, the mortality rate in newborns remains high (20% to 40%) despite the development in intensive care. The authors describe a newborn who suffered from sepsis, shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS) that recovered after the administration of activated C protein. CASE REPORT: A premature newborn underwent cesarean section because of a premature rupture of membranes and acute fetal distress. The newborn developed acute respiratory distress due to intrauterine pneumonia and was taken to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The patient was given mechanical ventilation, exogenous pulmonary surfactant and antibiotics early in the treatment. Nevertheless, he developed persistent pulmonary hypertension and shock. The control of the infection was difficult, despite the adjustment of the antibiotics, resulting in the development of MODS. On the 28th day, activated C protein was given to the patient. The administration of the drug was successful and the patient recovered from the organ dysfunction without bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: The activated C protein can't be recommended as a routine in the treatment of newborns with severe sepsis. However, in this case, it contributed to the recovery of the organ dysfunctions presented by the patient.
Severe sepsis represents the systemic inflammatory response resulting from an infection, associated with one of the following: cardiovascular organ dysfunction, acute respiratory distress syndrome or ...two or more organ dysfunctions. Although the mortality rate from sepsis in children has steadily decreased in the last decades, the mortality rate in newborns remains high (20% to 40%) despite the development in intensive care. The authors describe a newborn who suffered from sepsis, shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS) that recovered after the administration of activated C protein.
A premature newborn underwent cesarean section because of a premature rupture of membranes and acute fetal distress. The newborn developed acute respiratory distress due to intrauterine pneumonia and was taken to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The patient was given mechanical ventilation, exogenous pulmonary surfactant and antibiotics early in the treatment. Nevertheless, he developed persistent pulmonary hypertension and shock. The control of the infection was difficult, despite the adjustment of the antibiotics, resulting in the development of MODS. On the 28th day, activated C protein was given to the patient. The administration of the drug was successful and the patient recovered from the organ dysfunction without bleeding.
The activated C protein can't be recommended as a routine in the treatment of newborns with severe sepsis. However, in this case, it contributed to the recovery of the organ dysfunctions presented by the patient.
A complete list of invariants for defective crystals Davini, Cesare; Parry, Gareth P.
Proceedings of the Royal Society. A, Mathematical and physical sciences,
03/1991, Letnik:
432, Številka:
1886
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The classical theory of continuous distributions of dislocations has traditionally focused on the Burgers’ vectors and the dislocation density tensor as descriptions of defectiveness. We prove that, ...generally, there is an infinite number of tensor densities with similarly descriptive properties, and that there is a functional basis for this list which strictly includes the Burgers’ vectors and dislocation density. Moreover the changes of state which preserve these densities turn out to represent slip in certain surfaces associated with crystal geometry, so that the basic mechanism of plasticity emerges naturally from abstract ideas which neither anticipate nor involve the kinematics of particular types of crystal defects.
We prove that any continuous and convex stationary ergodic Hamiltonian admits critical subsolutions, which are strict outside the random Aubry set. They make up, in addition, a dense subset of all ...critical subsolutions with respect to a suitable metric. If the Hamiltonian is additionally assumed of Tonelli type, then there exist strict subsolutions of class \(\CC^{1,1}\) in \(\R^N\). The proofs are based on the use of Lax--Oleinik semigroups and their regularizing properties in the stationary ergodic environment, as well as on a generalized notion of Aubry set.
Customarily, in-plane auxeticity and synclastic bending behavior (i.e. out-of-plane auxeticity) are not independent, being the latter a manifestation of the former. Basically, this is a feature of ...three-dimensional bodies. At variance, two-dimensional bodies have more freedom to deform than three-dimensional ones. Here, we exploit this peculiarity and propose a two-dimensional honeycomb structure with out-of-plane auxetic behavior opposite to the in-plane one. With a suitable choice of the lattice constitutive parameters, in its continuum description such a structure can achieve the whole range of values for the bending Poisson coefficient, while retaining a membranal Poisson coefficient equal to 1. In particular, this structure can reach the extreme values, \(-1\) and \(+1\), of the bending Poisson coefficient. Analytical calculations are supported by numerical simulations, showing the accuracy of the continuum formulas in predicting the response of the discrete structure.
In this paper we consider the notion of commutation for a pair of continuous and convex Hamiltonians, given in terms of commutation of their Lax- Oleinik semigroups. This is equivalent to the ...solvability of an associated multi- time Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We examine the weak KAM theoretic aspects of the commutation property and show that the two Hamiltonians have the same weak KAM solutions and the same Aubry set, thus generalizing a result recently obtained by the second author for Tonelli Hamiltonians. We make a further step by proving that the Hamiltonians admit a common critical subsolution, strict outside their Aubry set. This subsolution can be taken of class C^{1,1} in the Tonelli case. To prove our main results in full generality, it is crucial to establish suitable differentiability properties of the critical subsolutions on the Aubry set. These latter results are new in the purely continuous case and of independent interest.
This paper presents a practical application of an opportunistic technique for the estimation of rainfall intensity and accumulated precipitation. The proposed technique is based upon signal strength ...measurements made by commercial-grade interactive satellite terminals. By applying some processing, the rain-induced attenuation on the microwave downlink from the satellite is first evaluated; then the rain attenuation is eventually mapped into a rainfall rate estimate via a tropospheric model. This methodology has been applied to a test area of 30 ×30 km 2 around the city of Dortmund (North Rhine-Westphalia, upper basin of Ermscher river), for the heavy rain event that devastated western Germany in July, 2021. A rainfall map on this area is obtained from the measurements collected by a set of satellite terminals deployed in the region, and successfully compared with a map obtained with a conventional weather radar.
This report describes the use of the 27A probe for the molecular monitoring of Candida albicans infections in liver transplant recipients. Nosocomial candidiasis is the major fungal infection in ...liver transplant recipients, with Candida albicans being the species most frequently isolated. The molecular epidemiology of Candida albicans infections has been widely investigated, but scant attention has been focused on monitoring the identity of infecting strains in individual patients over the entire course of their hospitalization. In the study presented here, a total of 179 Candida albicans isolates were collected from 10 liver transplant recipients during multiple surveillance cultures performed before and after liver transplantation and from three healthcare workers at the Transplant Unit of Ospedale di Cisanello, Pisa (Italy). Computer-aided analysis of the 27A-probed DNA fingerprints, used to compare the genetic relatedness of all the Candida albicans isolates, showed that most of the patients colonized with Candida albicans before transplantation harbored a unique Candida albicans genotype. This genotype persisted over the entire course of hospitalization and caused multiorgan failure in two patients, both of whom died from endogenously borne Candida albicans infections. Nosocomial acquisition of Candida albicans strains could be monitored in a timely manner in the other patients; for some of them, subsequent strain replacement was registered at different body sites during the post-transplant period. Neither cross-infection between patients nor transmission from healthcare workers to patients occurred in this hospital setting. These results indicate that the molecular monitoring of Candida albicans strains isolated from liver transplant recipients during their hospitalization may provide timely information about the identity of individual Candida albicans strains causing infections.
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