A measurement is presented of inelastic photo- and electroproduction of
J
/
ψ
mesons in
ep
scattering at HERA. The data were recorded with the H1 detector in the period from 2004 to 2007. Single and ...double differential cross sections are determined and the helicity distributions of the
J
/
ψ
mesons are analysed. The results are compared to theoretical predictions in the colour singlet model and in the framework of non-relativistic QCD. Calculations in the colour singlet model using a
k
T
factorisation ansatz are able to give a good description of the data, while colour singlet model calculations to next-to-leading order in collinear factorisation underestimate the data.
•We used mesenchymal (MSCs) and neural (NSCs) stem cells to treat spinal cord injury.•MSCs were modified to overexpress stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1).•Co-transplants of MSCs that overexpress SDF-1 ...with NSCs improved behavioral outcomes.•Tumors were found in some MSC-NSC co-transplanted rats.
Genetic engineering of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neuronal stem cells (NSCs) has been used to treat spinal cord injuries (SCI). As a mechanism of therapy, MSCs secrete high amounts of trophic factors, while NSCs can differentiate into neuronal lineages and aid in tissue replacement. Additionally, the forced overexpression of secreted proteins can enhance the secretome of transplanted cells, which can increase therapeutic efficacy. This study utilized a combinational treatment consisting of MSCs, NSCs, and the forced overexpression of the chemokine stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) from MSCs (SDF-1-MSCs) as treatment in a rat model of SCI. Transplants occurred at 9-days post-injury, and motor functions were evaluated for 7-weeks post-injury. White matter sparing and axon densities surrounding the lesions were quantified. Findings from this study demonstrate that co-transplanting SDF-1-MSCs with NSCs improved motor functions and enhanced axon densities surrounding the lesion. However, no improvements in white matter sparing were found and tumors were found in some of the animals that received co-transplantations with either SDF-1-MSCs and NSCs or unmodified-MSCs and NSCs, but not in any animal treated with a single cell type. This study offers evidence that providing SDF-1 to NSCs, through the forced expression from MSCs, can enhance the therapeutic potential of the graft, but developing a safe means of doing this requires further work.
A model-independent search for deviations from the Standard Model prediction is performed using the full e±p data sample collected by the H1 experiment at HERA. All event topologies involving ...isolated electrons, photons, muons, neutrinos and jets with transverse momenta above 20 GeV are investigated in a single analysis. Events are assigned to exclusive classes according to their final state. A dedicated algorithm is used to search for deviations from the Standard Model in the distributions of the scalar sum of transverse momenta or the invariant mass of final state particles and to quantify their significance. Variables related to angular distributions and energy sharing between final state particles are also introduced to study the final state topologies. No significant deviation from the Standard Model expectation is observed in the phase space covered by this analysis.
Spectral properties of strawberry plants M. Deák, Sz; Márk, G. I.; Szabó, T. ...
International journal of horticultural science,
05/2007, Letnik:
13, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Strawberry varieties were studied in 3 different growing areas of different soil- and ecological properties in Hungary. We have measured the optical spectra of the leaves together with their nutrient ...content and performed sensory examinations on the deep frozen and melted fruit. The 6 varieties were Elsanta, Marianna, Spadeka, Symphony, Camarosa, and Raurica. The 3 sites were Újfehértó, Pölöske, and Kecskemet. Colour of the leaves was characterised by their lightness and dominant wavelength. Under non-optimal soil and ecological conditions the varieties could be distinguished by their colour — the leaves became lighter and more yellow. The fruits did not produce the genetically determined taste if the plant can not grow in optimal circumstances — we found a negative correlation between the leaf colour in flowering time and the fruit flavour. Leaf colour measurements performed in flowering time make it possible to improve fruit quality by changing the nutrient supply between flowering and ripening.
Stress leads to neuroinflammatory and behavioral consequences through upregulation of inflammatory-related cytokines within the central nervous system such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which may be ...indicative of microglial priming/activation. Evidence suggests that the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) may play an important role in the synthesis and conversion of IL-1β. In a series of six experiments, adult male rats were intubated with a highly selective P2X7R antagonist (A-804598) before footshock exposure. As expected, footshock increased IL-1β and CD14 mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus, and A-804598 (25 mg/kg) partially attenuated these effects. Footshock also increased hypothalamic IL-1 protein in whole hypothalamic blocks, but no effect was observed on the formation of pro-IL-1β or IL-1β in the paraventricular nucleus as assessed using western blotting. A-804598 also did not reverse the suppression in exploration produced by stress exposure. The present findings support the use of the footshock paradigm as a method for inducing stress-related neuroimmune and behavioral changes, but the evidence to support the role of A-804598 as a potential tool to reverse such changes remains modest. This study is the first to examine the role of P2X7R in vivo following footshock exposure. Further characterization of P2X7R may have implications for understanding the relationship between stress and inflammation.
Measurements are presented of single and double-differential dijet cross sections in diffractive photoproduction based on a data sample with an integrated luminosity of 47 pb
−1
. The events are of ...the type
ep
→
eXY
, where the hadronic system
X
contains at least two jets and is separated by a large rapidity gap from the system
Y
, which consists of a leading proton or low-mass proton excitation. The dijet cross sections are compared with QCD calculations at next-to-leading order and with a Monte Carlo model based on leading order matrix elements with parton showers. The measured cross sections are smaller than those obtained from the next-to-leading order calculations by a factor of about 0.6. This suppression factor has no significant dependence on the fraction
x
γ
of the photon four-momentum entering the hard subprocess. Ratios of the diffractive to the inclusive dijet cross sections are measured for the first time and are compared with Monte Carlo models.
A search for single top quark production is performed in the full e±p data sample collected by the H1 experiment at HERA, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 474 pb−1. Decays of top quarks ...into a b quark and a W boson with subsequent leptonic or hadronic decay of the W are investigated. A multivariate analysis is performed to discriminate top quark production from Standard Model background processes. An upper limit on the top quark production cross section via flavour changing neutral current processes σ(ep→etX)<0.25 pb is established at 95% CL. Limits on the anomalous coupling κtuγ are derived.
•MSCs that overexpress NT-3 D15A were transplanted into a complete spinal transection.•MSCs that overexpress NT-3D15A improved motor functions.•MSCs that overexpress NT-3 D15A improved tissue ...continuity at the transection site.•No regenerated axons were detected cross the spinal transection.
Transplanting stem cells engineered to overexpress trophic factors can improve motor abilities and facilitate axon regeneration following spinal cord injury. This study compared several transplantation paradigms using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that overexpress the multi-neurotrophin, NT-3/D15A (NT-3-MSCs), to determine if different grafting strategies can elicit improved axon regeneration and/or behavioral outcomes following a complete T9 spinal transection. At one week post-transection, NT-3-MSCs were transplanted above, and at several locations below, the lesion site. A rostral-to-caudal gradient of NT-3-MSCs was produced by incrementally increasing the number of transplanted cells at locations distal to the transection. Motor function was analyzed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scale for 7-weeks post-injury. The corticospinal tract was traced using biotinylated dextran amines, while raphespinal fibers were visualized using immunohistochemistry. Cell viability was assessed using transplants of NT-3-MSCs that express tdTomato. Retrograde tracing using fluorogold, as well as spinal re-transections, were performed to discriminate between a supra-spinal or reflexive influence of regained motor functions. NT-3-MSC transplants improved motor outcomes and tissue continuity at the transection site, however retrograde tracing using fluorogold revealed no evidence of axon regeneration. A spinal re-transection also failed to eliminate the improvement in motor outcomes produced by the transplant. We conclude that transplantation of NT-3-MSCs can improve motor function and morphological outcomes following a complete spinal transection without promoting axonal regeneration.
We discuss high-p
T production processes at forward rapidities in hadron-hadron collisions, and describe recent results from using QCD high-energy factorization in forward jet production at the LHC.
A search for excited electrons is performed using the full e±p data sample collected by the H1 experiment at HERA, corresponding to a total luminosity of 475 pb−1. The electroweak decays of excited ...electrons e∗→eγ, e∗→eZ and e∗→νW with subsequent hadronic or leptonic decays of the W and Z bosons are considered. No evidence for excited electron production is found. Mass dependent exclusion limits on e∗ production cross sections and on the ratio f/Λ of the coupling to the compositeness scale are derived within gauge mediated models. These limits extend the excluded region compared to previous excited electron searches. The e∗ production via contact interactions is also addressed for the first time in ep collisions.
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