The article examines the modern trajectories of teaching a foreign language using information technology. The analysis of research by domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of optimization ...and choice of strategies in teaching a foreign language is given. Special attention is paid to the role of communication technologies and Internet resources in mastering speech skills and professional competencies. The characteristics of the types of Internet resources and their importance in teaching a foreign language are given.
The purpose of this study is to develop a model of the multicultural space of the university. The objectives of the research are to analyze the multicultural approach to education, its principles, ...methods, technologies and advantages for creating a safe educational space in the conditions of a modern intercultural society. The formation of a multicultural space in the university allows us to determine the main tasks and guidelines of the educational process, including: the socio-cultural approach to the organization of multicultural education; the priority of the relationship between language and culture; maximum personal development with a wide range of foreign language competencies. The research methodology is based on ethnographic, cross-cultural and semiotic methods of studying cultural systems and cross-cultural situations. As a result of the research, the principles, methods, and innovative pedagogical technologies of implementing the educational process in the conditions of intercultural interaction between students and university teachers are described and classified. The study presents a descriptive model of the multicultural space of the Russian university.
The research is devoted to the study of the actualization of meanings in a literary text. The study is based on the material of a medieval novel. The subject of the study was the corpus of texts of ...chivalric novels. In the aggregate, the study of (linguistic-rhetorical) works. The analysis was carried out from the position of studying the author's strategy of influencing the reader in order to have a certain attitude to the hero or plot of the work. The author's influencing strategy in novels is conceptually different from the strategies in works of other genres. The fact that in the works of different authors, united by one image of the main character, use similar elements of influence on the reader, which indicates a special perception of the image of the main character in the minds of people of the XII–XV centuries. This perception is formed both from the totality of literary techniques that pass from work to work, and at the level of linguistic means.
In the article on the examples of translation of Spanish poems by the poet F.G. Lorca into Russian addresses the conservation of melody and rhythm of the original in the translation. In connection ...with membership of the Spanish and Russian languages to the Indo-European group we have ample opportunity to compare syntactic text-forming tools. One of syntactic means to recreate the rhythm of verse is the translations of a period. The period is usually based on the lexical and syntactic parallelism and repetition is made as a complex sentence. Our study showed that in the period of construction, connection parts and members of both Spanish and Russian versions are multilevel repetitive. Although it is possible the construction period and without the use of repetitions based on intonation and the sense of unity of its parts. Different versions can be a syntactic structure and semantic content, which range from the clear superiority of the first part to the harmony parts.
Ampelisca eschrichtii are among the most important prey of the Western North Pacific gray whales, Eschrichtius robustus. The largest and densest known populations of this amphipod occur in the gray ...whale's Offshore feeding area on the Northeastern Sakhalin Island Shelf. The remote location, ice cover and stormy weather at the Offshore area have prevented winter sampling. The incomplete annual sampling has confounded efforts to resolve life history and production of A. eschrichtii. Expanded comparisons of population size structure and individual reproductive development between late spring and early fall over six sampling years between 2002 and 2013 however, reveal that A. eschrichtii are gonochoristic, iteroparous, mature at body lengths greater than 15 mm and have a two-year life span. The low frequencies of brooding females, the lack of early stage juveniles, the lack of individual or population growth or biomass increases over late spring and summer, all indicate that growth and reproduction occur primarily in winter, when sampling does not occur. Distinct juvenile and adult size cohorts additionally indicate growth and juvenile production occurs in winter through spring under ice cover. Winter growth thus requires that winter detritus or primary production are critical food sources for these ampeliscid populations and yet, the Offshore area and the Eastern Sakhalin Shelf ampeliscid communities may be the most abundant and productive amphipod population in the world. These A. eschrichtii populations are unlikely to be limited by western gray whale predation. Whether benthic community structure can limit access and foraging success of western gray whales is unclear.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Females of the gammaridean amphipod
with signs of regenerating, previously atrophied ovaries were recovered from the northeastern shelf of Sakhalin Island (Okhotsk Sea, Russia). Ovarian regeneration ...was previously unknown for any amphipod species.
have a predominantly 2-year life cycle (from embryo to adult death) and reproduce once between late winter or early spring at the age of 2 years. Occasionally, females survive to a third year. An adaptive value of extended survival among these females is likely to require that they are also reproductive.
Histological sections from a second-year female with ovarian atrophy, a female with normal ovaries, a third-year female with ovarian regeneration, as well as testes of an immature and a sexually mature male were compared to determine the sources of cells of the germinal and somatic lines necessary for ovarian regeneration.
Ovarian regeneration in the third-year female began with the formation of a new germinal zone from germ cells preserved in the atrophied ovaries and eosinophilic cells of the previously starving second-year female. Eosinophilic cells form the mesodermal component of the germinal zone. A mass of these cells appeared in the second-year female that had atrophied ovaries and in large numbers on the intestine wall of the third-year female with regenerating ovaries. These eosinophilic cells appear to migrate into the regenerating ovaries.
All germ cells of the second-year female are not lost during ovarian atrophy and can be involved in subsequent ovarian regeneration. Eosinophilic cells involved in ovarian regeneration are of mesodermal origin. The eosinophilic cell morphologies are similar to those of quiescence cells (cells in a reversible state that do not divide but retain the ability to re-enter cell division and participate in regeneration). These histological data thus indicate that eosinophilic and germ cells of third-year females can participate in the regeneration of the ovaries to reproduce a second brood. The precursors of these third-year females (a small number the second-year females with an asynchronous summer breeding period and ovaries that have atrophied due to seasonal starvation) appear to possess sources of somatic and germ cells that are sufficient for ovarian regeneration and that may be adaptations to starvation stress.
The mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψ) is the driving force providing the electrical component of the total transmembrane potential of hydrogen ions generated by proton pumps, which is utilized by ...the ATP synthase. The role of ∆Ψ is not limited to its role in bioenergetics since it takes part in other important intracellular processes, which leads to the mandatory requirement of the homeostasis of ∆Ψ. Conventionally, ∆Ψ in living cells is estimated by the fluorescence of probes such as rhodamine 123, tetramethylrodamine, etc. However, when assessing the fluorescence, the possibility of the intracellular/intramitochondrial modification of the rhodamine molecule is not taken into account. Such changes were revealed in this work, in which a comparison of normal (astrocytic) and tumor (glioma) cells was conducted. Fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry, and mass spectrometry revealed significant modifications of rhodamine molecules developing over time, which were prevented by amiodarone apparently due to blocking the release of xenobiotics from the cell and their transformation with the participation of cytochrome P450. Obviously, an important role in these processes is played by the increased retention of rhodamines in tumor cells. Our data require careful evaluation of mitochondrial ∆Ψ potential based on the assessment of the fluorescence of the mitochondrial probe.
The catalyst-free hydrolytic polycondensation of methyltrimethoxysilane under microwave radiation has been studied. The effect of molar ratios of the reagents (MTMS/H
O = 1/0.5-1/9), radiation power ...(20-300 W), temperature (30-50 °C) and duration of exposure (2.5-90 min) on the course of the process is considered. It has been shown that the use of microwave radiation promotes the activation of the process, and almost complete conversion of the monomer can be achieved in 5 min at 30 °C, 20 W and an MTMS/H
O ratio of 1/3. The optimal radiation power for the maximum conversion of the monomer and MeO-groups is in the range from 20 to 100 W. An increase in the water amount, the duration and temperature of the process contribute to an increase in the monomer conversion, a decrease in the content of residual MeO-groups and the yield of non-volatile oligomethylsilsesquioxanes. The limits of this approach using to the synthesis of multifunctional branched polyorganosilsesquioxanes are determined. Depending on the process conditions, homogeneous water-alcohol solutions of oligomethylsilsesquioxane with a concentration of 20 to 50 wt.% can be obtained. The OH-group content and the molecular weight of the obtained oligomers vary from 10 to 30 wt.% and from 1000 to 600 Da, respectively.
Krøyer, 1842 of the Sakhalin Shelf of the Okhotsk Sea, Far Eastern Russia, comprise the highest known biomass concentration of any amphipod population in the world and are a critically important prey ...source for western gray whales. Growth and reproduction in this population has not been apparent in summer. However, they are not accessible for sampling in winter to test a previous default conclusion that they grow and reproduce in winter.
We tested the default winter growth and reproduction hypothesis by detailed comparisons of the brood and gonad development among 40 females and 14 males and brood sizes among females observed since 2002. Our test included six predictions of reproductive synchrony that would be apparent from gonad and brood morphology if active reproduction occurs in summer.
We found high prevalences of undersized and damaged oocytes, undersized broods, a lack of females brooding fully formed juveniles, atrophied ovaries, and males with mature sperm but lacking fully developed secondary sex morphologies required for pelagic mating. All of these conditions are consistent with trophic stress and starvation.
These
populations therefore appear to starve in summer and to grow and reproduce in winter. The Offshore
populations occur in summer below water strata bearing high phytoplankton biomasses. These populations are more likely to feed successfully in winter when storms mix phytoplankton to their depths.
Both NSA and Nec-1s ameliorated postischemic cardiac function and reduced infarct size, which provides the rationale for further (pre)clinical studies.
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