To answer the question whether balance related systems have been affected in adults who recovered from Covid-19 disease. This is the first case-control study to assess balance objectively and ...quantitatively in Covid-19 disease.
Thirty-seven patients who recovered from Covid-19 disease and 30 healthy controls were compared using Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP), Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials(VEMP) and Video Head Impulse Test (v-HIT).
On CDP, the composite and visual general scores of the patients were significantly lower than controls (p<0.01). The v-HIT gains of the patients significantly decreased in the vertical semicircular canals compared to controls (p<0.01).There was a significant difference between the patients and controls regarding the absence of o-VEMPs (p<0.01) while the amplitudes and latencies were similar between the groups (p>0.05). Decreased P1/N1 amplitudes and elongated N1 latencies were found on c-VEMP testing (p<0.05). Anosmia, taste disorder and gender were not associated with subjective and objective test results (p>0.05).
The Covid-19 disease can cause dizziness rather that incapacitating vertigo. Dizziness can be seen in almost one-fifth of the adult covid19 out-patients, which may be due to involvement of vestibular and visual systems,ortheir central connections. The squeals created in the balance related systems may be irreversible as they have persisted after the recovery of the patients. It is also plausible to anticipate more severe condition in the older patients who were treated in the intensive care units. In the long term follow up of the survivors, the need for balance rehabilitation programs should be remembered in order to minimize risks of falling down.
To investigate the potential use of Ki-67 and pronuclear cell antigen (PCNA) as indicators of recurrent cholesteatoma.
Patients who had been diagnosed with cholesteatoma and who had undergone canal ...wall-down mastoidectomy were included in this study. Subjects were divided into two groups: recurrent and non-recurrent (i.e., cases without recurrence for at least 2 years). Ossicular pathologies were recorded. Histopathologic specimens were stained for Ki-67 and PCNA and the percentages of stained cells were calculated.
Neither group demonstrated a significant difference in terms of total Ki-67 per cell, Ki-67-stained cell counts, Ki-67-staining percentages, total PCNA per cell, PCNA-stained cell counts, or PCNA-staining percentages (p>0.05). No significant relationship was noted between the staining percentages for either Ki-67 or PCNA and the incudostapedial involvement (p>0.05); however, a significant relationship was noted between Ki-67 staining and malleus involvement (p<0.05).
Although the recurrent and non-recurrent cholesteatoma groups showed no significant differences in terms of the percentages of stained cells for either Ki-67 or PCNA, we detected high Ki-67 staining in the malleus involvement group. We concluded that cell-proliferation markers could not be defined as indicators of recurrence of cholesteatoma, but they could be defined as indicators of destructive patterns of this disease.
1984-1989 yılları arasında Bulgaristan Komünist Parti yönetimi ülkede yaşayan Türklerin asıllarının Bulgar
olduğunu iddia eden Yeniden Doğuş (Soya Dönüş) Süreci olarak tanımladıkları bir kampanyayı ...başlattı.
Bu kampanya ile birlikte Bulgaristan’da yaşayan soydaşlarımızın Türkçe konuşması, Türk müziği dinlemesi,
kurban kesmesi, çocuklarını sünnet ettirmesi, cenazelerinde veya düğünlerinde dinsel ve geleneksel
uygulamaları, Türklüğün simgesi gibi görülen bazı kıyafetleri giymeleri yasaklandı. Bu yasakların yanı
sıra, 1984 yılının Aralık ayı itibariyle Bulgaristan’da yaşayan soydaşlarımızın isimleri Bulgar isimleri ile
değiştirilmeye başlandı. İsim değiştirme uygulaması, 17-18-19 Ocak günlerinde İslimye (Sliven) iline bağlı
Kazan (Kotel) ilçesinin bir köyü olan Alvanlarda (Yablanovo) uygulamaya konuldu. Ancak Alvanlar (Yablanovo)
köyü halkı isimlerini değiştirmeye gelen Bulgar Komünist Partisi yöneticilerine toplu bir şekilde
direniş gösterdi. Gerlovo bölgesindeki diğer köyler de Alvanları (Yablanovo) bu direnişte yalnız bırakmadılar.
Bulgar komünist idarecileri 17 ve 18 Ocak’ta giremedikleri köye 19 Ocak sabahı Bulgaristan’ın en
büyük zırhlı birliği olan İslimye (Sliven) Zırhlı Birliği’nin yardımı ile girebildiler. Bulgar ordusunun tanklarına
karşı ellerindeki taş ve sopalarla üç gün direnerek büyük bir kahramanlık örneği gösteren Alvanlılar
Bulgaristan Türklerinin tarihinde çok önemli bir iz bıraktılar.
Bulgaristan kurulduğu 1878 yılından itibaren
homojen bir ulus oluşturmayı hedefledi. Bu amaç uğruna ülkesinde Osmanlı
yönetimi altında asırlarca huzur içinde yaşayan azınlıkları asimile çabasına
...girişti. Bulgaristan’daki bu asimilasyon politikası planlı ve sinsice
yürütüldü. Makedon, Pomak ve Roman gibi küçük azınlıkların asimilasyonu
gerçekleştikten sonra en büyük nüfusa sahip olan Türklerin asimilasyonuna
başlandı. İlk olarak Türklerin okulları devletleştirildi, toprakları ellerinden
alındı, okullarda din dersleri kaldırıldı, camiler kapatıldı. Türkler gelenek
ve göreneklerinden uzaklaştırılmaya çalışıldı. Bu zorbalıklarla karşılaşan
Türkler, 1950 ve 1969-1978 yılları arasında iki kez kitlesel olarak Türkiye’ye
göç etti. 1984 yılının Aralık ayında Bulgar Komünist Parti yöneticileri
Bulgaristan’daki Türklerin aslının Bulgar olduğunu iddia eden Yeniden Doğuş
Sürecini /Soya Dönüş Süreci’ni başlattılar. 1985 yılının Mart ayına kadar
Bulgar nüfusunun yaklaşık %10’unu oluşturan tüm Türklerin isimlerini Bulgar
isimleri ile değiştirdiler. Türkçe konuşmak, camiye gitmek, çocukları sünnet
ettirmek, kurban kesmek, kısacası Türklere ait olan tüm dini ritüeller,
gelenekler ve görenekler yasaklandı. Asimilasyon politikalarına direnen Türkler
cezaevlerine, toplama kamplarına ve sürgünlere gönderildiler. Türkiye
Bulgaristan’da yaşanan bu zalimliğe tepki gösterdi. Halkımız ülkemizin büyük
illerinde gösteriler ve protesto mitingleri düzenledi. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti
Devleti birçok uluslararası kuruluşa başvurarak Bulgaristan’da soydaşlarımıza
yapılan asimilasyonu durdurmak için girişimlerde bulundu. 1989 Mayıs ayında
Bulgaristan’da yapılan haksızlıklara karşı protestolar başladı ve kısa bir süre
sonra Bulgar Komünist Parti yöneticileri soydaşlarımıza Türkiye’ye göç etme
izni verdi. 2 Haziran 1989 tarihinden itibaren soydaşlarımız yüzlerce yıldır
vatan bildikleri toprakları terk ettiler ve Türkiye’ye göç ettiler.
Since its establisment in 1878, Bulgaria has
aimed to create a homogeneous nation. For this purpose, Bulgaria strived to
assimilate the minorities in the country who lived peacefully under Ottoman
rule for centuries. This assimilation policy in Bulgaria was carried out in a
planned and insidious manner. After the assimilation of minor minorities such
as Mecedonians, Pomaks and Romany, the assimilation of Turks with the largest
population started. First of all, the schools of the Turks were nationalized,
their lands were taken away, religion courses were removed in schools and
mosques were closed. Turks were tried to be removed from their traditions and
customs. Facing this despotism, Turks migrated to Turkey massively twice in
1950 and between 1969-1978. In December 1984, the leaders of the Bulgarian
Communist Party launched the Re-birth Process/, which claims that the Turks in
Bulgaria were originally Bulgarians. Until March 1985, they changed the names
of all the Turks, who made up about 10% of the Bulgarian population, with
Bulgarian names. Speaking Turkish, going to the mosque, circumcising the
children, sacrificing, in short, all the religious rituals, traditions and
customs belonging to the Turks were banned. The Turks who resisted the
assimilation policies were sent to prisons, concentration camps and exiles.
Turkey reacted to the brutality that occurred in Bulgaria. Our people organized
demonstrations and protest demonstrations in the major provinces of our
country. The Republic of Turkey has made attempts to stop the assimilation of
our compatriots in Bulgaria referring to many international organizations. In
May 1989, protests against the injustice in Bulgaria began and shortly after
Bulgarian Communist Party officials gave permission for our compatriots to
emigrate toTurkey. Since June 2, 1989, our compatriots have abandoned the land
they know as their homeland for hundreds of years and emigrated to Turkey.
Abstract Objective Mometasone furoate (MF) is one of the commonly used topical steroids, particularly for patients with allergic rhinitis. However, its effect on the colonization of bacteria that may ...cause superinfections by suppressing the local immunity is not known. Thus, we investigated the effect of MF use on the nasal and nasopharyngeal microbial flora. Materials and methods Swab samples were taken from 35 patients who required MF monotherapy, just before and after one month of the treatment. Samples were maintained in Stuart's medium. Each swab was transferred to 1 ml of a sterile saline solution, then into the standard agar. After incubation under 5% carbon dioxide at 37 °C, colony number was detected per ml. Results Colony counts of nasal or nasopharyngeal microbial flora did not show any statistically significant alteration with one month use of MF. However, an increase in potential pathogens as well as normal flora bacteria was determined in five of the patients and six patients acquired new nasopharyngeal potential pathogens, mostly Moraxella catarrhalis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus , following the use of MF. Conclusion The use of MF for one month did not statistically significantly change the nasal and nasopharyngeal flora. This study indicates that MF could be increase the colonization of the potential pathogens in some of the patients at the subclinical level particularly in the nasopharyngeal area.
•Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials is a non-invasive test evaluating the brainstem and reflex pathways.•The brainstem and associated pathwaysare implicated in the pathophysiology of essential ...tremor.•Cervical VEMP may reveal the involvement of brainstem and associated reflex pathways in essential tremor.
Although different neuroanatomical structures and pathways are emphasized as possible explanations for essential tremor (ET), there is still an ongoing debate. This study aimed to assess the role of brainstem and reflex pathways with cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) in patients with ET. This prospective study included 34 patients with ET and 25 healthy controls. Cervical VEMP was performed in both groups and latencies, inter-peak latency intervals, peak-to-peak amplitudes and asymmetry ratios were recorded. There was statistically no significant difference between the groups in terms of age (38.9 ± 14.9 years vs. 38.9 ± 14.9 years, p = 0.673) and gender (female to male ratio: 14/11 vs. 20/14, p = 0.828). Right N1 latency and right N1–P1 interval were significantly longer in the patient group (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the duration of disease and the right N1–P1 interval (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of bilateral P1 latency, left N1 latency, left N1–P1 interval, and bilateral N1 and P1 amplitudes (p˃0.05). Cervical VEMP may reveal the involvement of brainstem and associated reflex pathways in ET.
Mondros Mütarekesi’nin imzalanmasından hemen sonra, İtilaf devletleri mütarekenin on beşinci maddesindeki “Bütün demiryolları halkın kullanımına açık olmak kaydıyla İtilaf devletlerince kontrol ...altına alınacaktır.” hükmüne dayanarak Doğu Trakya bölgesinde işgallere başladılar. Bir Fransız alayı, 4 Kasım 1918 tarihinde Uzunköprü ile Sirkeci arasındaki demiryolu işletmesini işgal etti. Çok kısa bir süre sonra da, 1919 yılı Ocak ayının ortalarına doğru Fransızlar, Trakya demiryolunun muhafazasını bir Yunan taburuna devrettiler. Bu ülkemizdeki ilk Yunan işgaliydi. Trakyalılar bu işgallere karşı kurmuş oldukları Trakya Paşaeli Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti ile bir dizi kongre düzenleyerek Doğu Trakya’nın bir Türk yurdu olduğunu ilan ettiler ve Trakya’yı işgal eden Yunan askerî birliklerine karşı silahlı bir mücadeleye karar verdiler. Trakya’daki silahlı mücadele Trakya Paşaeli Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti’nin önderliğinde kurulan milli müfrezeler tarafından gerçekleştirildi. Kurulan bu müfrezeler, Yunan askerî birliklerini Trakya’da meşgul ederek onların Anadolu’ya askerî sevkiyat yapmasına engel olmak, bölgedeki Türk halkını Rum çetelerinin ve Yunan askerlerinin zulmünden korumak için mücadele ettiler. Bu müfrezelerden en etkili olanlarından biri Şakir Yorulmaz Bey’in önderliğindeki “Trakya Fedaileri” adı verilen müfrezeydi. Şakir Bey ve müfrezesi, Doğu Trakya’daki Yunan birliklerine, bu birliklerin iaşe kollarına baskınlar düzenledi. Bölgede Türklere eziyet eden Rumlar ve Rum çeteleri ile mücadele etti. Müfrezedeki istihkâm erleri sayesinde bölgede Yunan askerî hedeflerine sabotaj eylemlerinde bulundu.
The rehabilitation of classical peripheral vestibular disorders is long and costly. Recently, interactive systems based on virtual reality (VR) technology have reduced the cost of vestibular ...rehabilitation therapy (VRT) and made the process more enjoyable. This study aims to investigate the effects of VR-based VRT in patients diagnosed with peripheral vestibular hypofunction (PVH).
In this study, a VR-based VRT program that utilized Sony Playstation®4 VR Head Mounted Display was applied to 25 patients (between 18-60) diagnosed with PVH. PVH was diagnosed by evaluating the patients' clinical histories, the findings in the "Micromedical Technologies VisualEyes Spectrum" videonystagmography (VNG) and the "Micromedical Aqua Stim" model bithermal water caloric tests. VR-based VRT program was applied to the patients for 4 weeks, 2 sessions per week, 8 sessions in total. Each session lasted around 30 to 40 min. All patients underwent the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Sensory Organization Test (SOT), Adaptation Test (ADT), Limits of Stability (LOS), and Rhythmic Weight Shift (RWS) before, after, and 8-week follow-up of the VRT program. In addition, the Cybersickness Survey was applied to the patients at the end of the VR-based VRT session every week.
The DHI mean scores of the patients were 54.60, 19.20, and 16.84, respectively, before, just after, and at the 8-week follow-up VRT (p < 0.001). The mean SOT composite score of the patients was obtained as 58.08 before VRT; 77.16 after VRT and 76.40 at 8-week after VRT (p < 0.000). On the other hand, the values in the 'movement velocity' and "direction control" parameters of the patients in LOS and RWS showed a significant improvement after VRT compared to before VRT (p < 0.000). From before VRT to 8 weeks after VRT, the patient's oscillation averages in the 'toes up' and 'toes down' positions in ADT reduced progressively (p < 0.000).
This study demonstrates that implementing a VR-based VRT protocol may be an efficient option to improve posture stability and the quality of life in patients with PVH. In addition, VR-based vestibular rehabilitation therapy has shown to be effective for PVH patients in the mid-term.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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