Numerical study is conducted on flow-induced vibrations (FIVs) of three circular cylinders arranged in tandem with spacing ratio L/D = 5.5 in planar shear flow. The cylinders are free to vibration in ...both in-line and transverse directions. A four-step semi-implicit Characteristic-based split (4-SICBS) finite element method is adopted to solve the governing Navier-Stokes equations. The mass ratio of each cylinder is set as mr = 2.0, and the structural damping ratio as zero to maximize the flow-induced responses of the cylinders. The effects of three main parameters, such as the Reynolds number (Re = 80, 120, 160), the shear ratio (k = 0.0, 0.05, 0.1), and the reduced velocity (Ur = 3–21), are considered. The changes of vibration amplitudes, frequency characteristics, motion trajectories and flow characteristics are analyzed. The results show that, the dynamic responses of the upstream cylinder are similar to those of an isolated cylinder. The Re, k and Ur play a more important role in the FIVs of the midstream and downstream cylinders. As Re ≤ 120, the dynamic responses of the cylinders change slightly with the increasing of Re, while they present a dramatic increase because of the unstable flow characteristic at Re = 160. Additionally, with the increasing of Re, the vibration response mechanism of the cylinders in the in-line direction will change from resonance phenomenon into the vortex interference. For the motion orbits of the circular cylinders, in additional to the eight-figure, raindrop, oval and irregular shape, the dual-raindrop, dual-eight and dual-oval sharp are observed. Finally, regarding the flow field, it is found that the interference of the wake vortex is highly affected by the shear ratio of the incoming flow, resulting in great changes on the wake pattern and dynamic responses. Especially, the “2T”wake pattern is observed.
•The FIV of three tandem circular cylinders in planar shear flow are investigated.•The effects of the Reynolds number, shear ratio and reduced velocity are mainly investigated.•The dynamic responses of three circular cylinders are investigated.•The X–Y trajectories of three circular cylinders are investigated.•The FIV mechanisms between cylinders in planar shear flow are revealed.
The rhizosphere and phyllosphere of plants are home to a diverse range of microorganisms that play pivotal roles in ecosystem services. Consequently, plant growth‐promoting bacteria (PGPB) are ...extensively utilized as inoculants to enhance plant growth and boost productivity. Despite this, the interactions between the rhizosphere and phyllosphere, which are influenced by PGPB inoculation, have not been thoroughly studied to date. In this study, we inoculated Bacillus velezensis SQR9, a PGPB, into the bulk soil, rhizosphere or phyllosphere, and subsequently examined the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere using amplicon sequencing. Our results revealed that PGPB inoculation increased its abundance in the corresponding compartment, and all treatments demonstrated plant growth promotion effects. Further analysis of the sequencing data indicated that the presence of PGPB exerted a more significant impact on bacterial communities in both the rhizosphere and phyllosphere than in the inoculation compartment. Notably, the PGPB stimulated similar rhizosphere‐beneficial microbes regardless of the inoculation site. We, therefore, conclude that PGPB can promote plant growth both directly and indirectly through the interaction between the rhizosphere and phyllosphere, leading to the enrichment of beneficial microorganisms.
The colonization of PGPB in rhizosphere and phyllosphere both increased plant growth; The colonization of PGPB could shape the bacterial communities of all compartments; Similar beneficial microbes were stimulated by the PGPB even they were not in touch; Plant recruitment induced by PGPB may contributed the enrichment of beneficial microbes.
Deploying edge computing nodes on the demand side can effectively reduce the pressure of data transmission and storage of the power network and improve the quality of electric power service. At ...present, the deployment location of edge nodes is mostly determined from the dimension of grid topology, and the service scope of nodes is defined by the grid method. The working process among nodes is independent. Therefore, the flexibility of the location and capacitydetermination of edge nodes is low, and it may cause waste of equipment computing resources.Therefore, an edge computing node deployment method considering task migration is proposed in this paper. Firstly, an edge computing architecture considering task migration is proposed based on the characteristics of edge devices and the spatial characteristics of residential areas. Secondly, feature data is formed according to spatial information and load characteristics of residential nodes. Then the number, address and service scope of nodes are determined by u
•Severe periodontitis is independently associated with the serum Level of hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2 in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Periodontitis is associated with the pathogenesis of ...atherosclerotic plaque, and hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) are the serum biomarkers of the stability of atherosclerotic plaque. Whether periodontitis is associated with the serum level of hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2 of acute ischemic stroke remains unclear.
We recruited 103 cases with acute ischemic stroke within 7 days after stroke onset. Pocket depth and clinical attachment loss were assessed by oral examination to define the severe periodontitis. Demographic information including gender, age and body weight index, income level, education level, past medical history include smoking history, drinking history, ischemic stroke history, coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were collected, and serum biomarkers including white blood cell (WBC), fibrinogen, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), lower density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), hs-CRP, HemoglobinA1c (HbAlc), Homocysteine (HCY) and Lp-PLA2 were tested.
65 (63.1%) cases were diagnosed as severe periodontitis. Severe periodontitis group showed more male, age, drinking history, higher levels of hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2. Multivariate logistic regression showed that severe periodontitis was were significantly associated with hs-CRP (OR = 2.367, 95%CI: 1.182–4.738; P = .015) and Lp-PLA2 (OR = 2.577, 95% CI: 1.010–6.574; P = .048).
Severe periodontitis is independently associated with the serum Level of hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2 in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Whether the improvement of periodontitis could decrease the occurrence and re-occurrence of ischemic stroke by stablizating atherosclerotic plaque need be further studied in future.
Summary
Microbiome plays a key role in determining soil suppressiveness against invading pathogens. Our previous study revealed that microbial community of bulk soil could be manipulated by lime and ...ammonium bicarbonate fumigation followed by biofertilizer application. However, the assembly of microbial community suppressive to banana Panama disease in the rhizosphere is still unclear. In this study, we used high‐throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR to explore the assembly of rhizosphere microbiome associated with banana Panama disease suppression in a two‐seasonal pot experiment. We found biofertilizer applied to lime and ammonium bicarbonate fumigated soil significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the abundance of rhizosphere Fusarium oxysporum compared to biofertilizer applied to non‐fumigated soil. Principal coordinate analysis revealed that biofertilizer applied to lime and ammonium bicarbonate fumigated soil re‐shaped the rhizosphere bacterial community composition by increasing the phylogenetic relatedness, and stimulating indigenous microbes, for example, Gemmatimonas, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Lysobacter and Bacillus. Co‐occurrence analysis revealed that potential species involved in disease suppression were more interrelated in disease‐suppressive soils. Taken together, lime and ammonium bicarbonate fumigation followed by biofertilizer application could induce banana rhizosphere to assemble beneficial microbes dominated consortia to suppress banana Panama disease.
We found biofertilizer applied to lime and ammonium bicarbonate fumigated soil significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the abundance of rhizosphere Fusarium oxysporum compared to biofertilizer applied to non‐fumigated soil. Principal coordinate analysis revealed that biofertilizer applied to lime and ammonium bicarbonate fumigated soil re‐shaped the rhizosphere bacterial community composition by increasing the phylogenetic relatedness, and stimulating indigenous microbes, e.g., Gemmatimonas, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Lysobacter and Bacillus. Co‐occurrence analysis revealed that potential species involved in disease suppression were more interrelated in disease‐suppressive soils. Taken together, lime and ammonium bicarbonate fumigation followed by biofertilizer application could induce banana rhizosphere to assemble beneficial microbes dominated consortia to suppress banana Panama disease.
Members of the microbiotas colonizing the plant endophytic compartments and the surrounding bulk and rhizosphere soil play an important role in determining plant health. However, the relative ...contributions of the soil and endophytic microbiomes and their mechanistic roles in achieving disease suppression remain elusive. To disentangle the relative importance of the different microbiomes in the various plant compartments in inhibiting pathogen infection, we conducted a field experiment to track changes in the composition of microbial communities in bulk and rhizosphere soil and of root endophytes and leaf endosphere collected from bananas planted on Fusarium-infested orchards in disease-suppressive and disease-conducive soils. We found that the rhizosphere and roots were the two dominant plant parts whose bacterial communities contributed to pathogen suppression. We further observed that Pseudomonas was potentially a key organism acting as a pathogen antagonist, as illustrated by microbial community composition and network analysis. Subsequently, culturable pathogen-antagonistic Pseudomonas strains were isolated, and their potential suppressive functions or possible antibiosis in terms of auxin or siderophore synthesis and phosphate solubilization were screened to analyze the mode of action of candidate disease-suppressive Pseudomonas strains. In a follow-up
and greenhouse experiment, we revealed that microbial consortia of culturable Pseudomonas strains P8 and S25 (or S36), isolated from banana plantlet rhizosphere and roots, respectively, significantly suppressed the survival of pathogens in the soil, manipulated the soil microbiome, and stimulated indigenous beneficial microbes. Overall, our study demonstrated that root-associated microbiomes, especially the antagonistic Pseudomonas sp. components, contribute markedly to soil suppression of banana Fusarium wilt.
Soil suppression of Fusarium wilt disease has been proven to be linked with the local microbial community. However, the contribution of endophytic microbes to disease suppression in wilt-suppressive soils remains unclear. Moreover, the key microbes involving in Fusarium wilt-suppressive soils and in the endophytic populations have not been fully characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that root-associated microbes play vitally important roles in disease suppression. Root-associated Pseudomonas consortia were recognized as a key component in inhibiting pathogen abundance associated with the host banana plants. This finding is crucial to developing alternate strategies for soilborne disease management by harnessing the plant microbiome.
Fusarium wilt diseases, caused by formae speciales of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum are a serious problem for the production of cucumber, watermelon, melon and other plants around the world. In this ...study, the possibility of applying a novel fumigation agent to the soil was investigated as a strategy for controlling F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC), F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON), and F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis (FOM). The fumigation agent ammonium bicarbonate, which releases ammonia, was investigated when applied alone and with lime as a direct soil amendment under sealed conditions. For the FOC, FON and FOM, the suitable additive concentrations of ammonium bicarbonate were 2, 2 and 1.5 g kg−1 soil dry weight (DW), respectively, when applied alone. These concentrations produced the best effects when short processing times, broad temperature ranges and wide soil moisture contents were used. Ammonium bicarbonate had a stronger antifungal effect when mixed with lime than when applied alone in the pot experiments. In the field experiment, stronger antifungal effects were observed when the pH value of the soil was less than 7, and no significant difference between the two treatments was observed in alkaline soil. This study explored a novel fumigation agent for controlling F. oxysporum that was based on ammonium bicarbonate and provided a potential strategy for ensuring healthy cucumber, watermelon and melon crops and supporting the worldwide development of these cropping industries.
•Ammonium bicarbonate was applied as a fumigation agent to control Fusarium.•The fumigant ammonium bicarbonate (AB) can inhibit the growth of pathogens.•AB mixed with lime had a stronger antifungal effect in soil with pH less than 7.•Fumigation altered the soil culturable microflora.•This study provided a potential strategy for controlling Fusarium.
Objectives
Some acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients still suffer from early neurological deterioration (END) after receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), and these patients often have a poor ...prognosis. The purpose of our study is to observe the efficacy and safety of human urinary kallidinogenase (HUK) treatment in patients with END.
Methods
This was a retrospective analysis and 49 patients with END who met the inclusion criteria were divided into the observation group and the control group. All patients received routine treatment of AIS, while patients in the observation group were treated with HUK within 24 h after IVT and the other group without HUK.
Results
There were 24 patients in the observation group and 25 patients in the control group. After treatment, favorable prognosis (mRS scores ≤2) at 3 months in the observation group with 13 cases (54.17%) was significantly better than that in the control group with four cases (16%) (p = .001), and there was no statistical difference between the two groups in any hemorrhagic complication.
Conclusion
HUK is considered to be safe and may improve the prognosis of AIS patients with END after IVT. More clinical trials are needed to validate these results in the future.
Acute cerebral infarction patients with early neurological deterioration often have a poor prognosis. Human urinary kallidinogenase may be a possible treatment to improve the outcome of them.
The aim of this paper is to apply the asymptotic homogenization method to determining analytically and numerically the transversely isotropic viscoelastic relaxation moduli of the equivalent particle ...for the intercalated multi-layer stack of intercalated type nanoplastics. A two-phase multilayered material containing n layers is considered. The matrix is assumed to be an isotropic viscoelastic standard linear body and the reinforcement is assumed to be an isotropic elastic body. Final explicit analytical formulae for the effective elastic moduli of the multilay- ered material are derived first; and then the correspondence principle is employed to obtain the homogenized relaxation moduli of the equivalent intercalated particle. A numerical example is given. Final explicit analytical formulae in the time domain derived here make it convenient to estimate the influence of all the particle parameters of micro-structural details on the effective properties of the equivalent intercalated particle. The results of this paper can also be applied to multi-layer composites.
Poststroke depression (PSD) is one of the most common complications after ischemic stroke, and periodontitis is associated with depression. However, whether severe periodontitis is associated with ...early-onset PSD status remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is an association between severe periodontitis and PSD status in acute ischemic stroke patients.
We recruited 202 acute ischemic stroke patients within 7 days after stroke onset. Pocket depth and clinical attachment loss were assessed by oral examination to define the severe periodontitis. On the basis of diagnosis of PSD status according to DSM-5 criteria and a 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score greater than or equal to 8 within 2 weeks after stroke onset, we stratified patients into PSD status or non-PSD status groups and identified the independent predictors for the development of PSD status in multivariate logistic analysis.
77 (38.1%) patients were diagnosed as early-onset PSD status. PSD status group showed more severe periodontitis, lower income, lower Barthel Index (BI) score and Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and modified Rankin scale (mRS) score compared with non-PSD status group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that severe periodontitis (odds ratio 2.401) and NIHSS score (>4, odds ratio 2.130) were independent predictors for early-onset PSD status.
Severe periodontitis is found to be an important independent predictor of early-onset PSD status in patients with acute ischemic stroke, in addition to the well-known prognostic factors such as nonminor stroke assessed by NIHSS greater than 4.
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