Understanding how people perceive and value health aspects of wine may help to promote sustainable consumer behaviour and the development of healthier wine products.
In this scoping review a ...structured overview of the literature published since 2012 about consumer behaviour related to wine and health, is provided. A systematic search of ten databases resulted in 671 records for the title and abstract screening, with 170 relevant articles assessed for eligibility through full-text screening. Studies were included if they addressed topics related to wine and health and had a consumer perception or behaviour aspect.
Key findings and Conclusions: Fifty-two records met the inclusion criteria and provided information about one or more of the following five topics; perceived health impact of wine (n = 17), perceptions of moderate wine consumption (n = 6), the role of health in wine consumption decision-making (n = 15), perceptions and behaviour related to wine labelling (n = 8), and perceptions and behaviour related to wine innovations. The latter topic related to wine innovations was subdivided into wines with sustainability or potential health-enhancing characteristics (n = 17) and wines with reduced alcohol content (n = 9). The findings are summarised narratively per topic, and an overview table is provided. Findings on cross-cultural differences are discussed in an additional section. The review provides a comprehensive overview on the current state of published research concerning consumer perceptions of wine and health and provides a practical overview for different stakeholders, including researchers, policymakers and industry. Moreover, it highlights areas of intense research interest and needs for further investigation.
•Understanding perceptions helps promote sustainable behaviour & healthy products.•A review of the literature on wine and health identified 5 investigated themes.•Consumers care about health impact and are interested in healthier alternatives.•Low and de-alcoholised wines may meet public health concerns and consumer demand.
(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted; see image).Results are presented from a search for the electroweak production of supersymmetric particles in pp collisions in final ...states with two tau leptons. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity between 18.1 fb super(-1) and 19.6 fb super(-1) depending on the final state of tau lepton decays, at ... TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The observed event yields in the signal regions are consistent with the expected standard model backgrounds. The results are interpreted using simplified models describing the pair production and decays of charginos or tau sleptons. For models describing the pair production of the lightest chargino, exclusion regions are obtained in the plane of chargino mass vs. neutralino mass under the following assumptions: the chargino decays into third-generation sleptons, which are taken to be the lightest sleptons, and the sleptons masses lie midway between those of the chargino and the neutralino. Chargino masses below 420 GeV are excluded at a 95% confidence level in the limit of a massless neutralino, and for neutralino masses up to 100 GeV, chargino masses up to 325 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. Constraints are also placed on the cross section for pair production of tau sleptons as a function of mass, assuming a massless neutralino. Figure not available: see fulltext.
(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted; see image).Cross sections for the production of a Z boson in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass ...energy of ... TeV are measured using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to 19.6 fb super(-1). Differential cross sections are presented as functions of up to three observables that describe the jet kinematics and the jet activity. Correlations between the azimuthal directions and the rapidities of the jets and the Z boson are studied in detail. The predictions of a number of multileg generators with leading or next-to-leading order accuracy are compared with the measurements. The comparison shows the importance of including multi-parton contributions in the matrix elements and the improvement in the predictions when next-to-leading order terms are included. Figure not available: see fulltext.
(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted; see image).A measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section as a function of the jet transverse momentum p sub(T) ...and the absolute jet rapidity |y| is presented. Data from LHC proton-proton collisions at ... TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb super(-1), have been collected with the CMS detector. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-k sub(T) clustering algorithm with a size parameter of 0.7 in a phase space region covering jet p sub(T) from 74 GeV up to 2.5 TeV and jet absolute rapidity up to |y| = 3.0. The low-p sub(T) jet range between 21 and 74 GeV is also studied up to |y| = 4.7, using a dedicated data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.6 pb super(-1). The measured jet cross section is corrected for detector effects and compared with the predictions from perturbative QCD at next-to-leading order (NLO) using various sets of parton distribution functions (PDF). Cross section ratios to the corresponding measurements performed at 2.76 and 7 TeV are presented. From the measured double-differential jet cross section, the value of the strong coupling constant evaluated at the Z mass is alpha sub(S)(M sub(Z))=0.1164 sub(-0.0043) super(+0.0060), where the errors include the PDF, scale, nonperturbative effects and experimental uncertainties, using the CT10 NLO PDFs. Improved constraints on PDFs based on the inclusive jet cross section measurement are presented. Figure not available: see fulltext.
The cross section for Higgs boson production in pp collisions is studied using the H arrow right W super(+)W super(-) decay mode, followed by leptonic decays of the W bosons to an oppositely charged ...electron-muon pair in the final state. The measurements are performed using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.4 fb super(-1). The Higgs boson transverse momentum (p sub(T)) is reconstructed using the lepton pair p sub(T) and missing p sub(T). The differential cross section times branching fraction is measured as a function of the Higgs boson p sub(T) in a fiducial phase space defined to match the experimental acceptance in terms of the lepton kinematics and event topology. The production cross section times branching fraction in the fiducial phase space is measured to be 39 plus or minus 8 (stat) plus or minus 9 (syst) fb. The measurements are found to agree, within experimental uncertainties, with theoretical calculations based on the standard model. Figure not available: see fulltext.
(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted; see image).Single top quark events produced in the t channel are used to set limits on anomalous Wtb couplings and to search for top ...quark flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) interactions. The data taken with the CMS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at ... and 8 TeV correspond to integrated luminosities of 5.0 and 19.7 fb super(-1), respectively. The analysis is performed using events with one muon and two or three jets. A Bayesian neural network technique is used to discriminate between the signal and backgrounds, which are observed to be consistent with the standard model prediction. The 95% confidence level (CL) exclusion limits on anomalous right-handed vector, and left- and right-handed tensor Wtb couplings are measured to be |f sub(V) super(R)|<0.16,|f sub(T) super(L)|<0.057, and -0.049<f sub(T) super(R)<0.048, respectively. For the FCNC couplings Kappa sub(tug) and Kappa sub(tcg), the 95% CL upper limits on coupling strengths are | Kappa sub(tug)|/ Lambda <4.110 super(-3) TeV super(-1) and | Kappa sub(tcg)|/ Lambda <1.810 super(-2) TeV super(-1), where Lambda is the scale for new physics, and correspond to upper limits on the branching fractions of 2.0 10 super(-5) and 4.1 10 super(-4) for the decays t arrow right ug and t arrow right cg, respectively. Figure not available: see fulltext.
(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted; see image).Interactions between jets and the quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy ion collisions are studied via the angular ...distributions of summed charged-particle transverse momenta (p sub(T)) with respect to both the leading and subleading jet axes in high-p sub(T) dijet events. The contributions of charged particles in different momentum ranges to the overall event p sub(T) balance are decomposed into short-range jet peaks and a long-range azimuthal asymmetry in charged-particle p sub(T). The results for PbPb collisions are compared to those in pp collisions using data collected in 2011 and 2013, at collision energy ... TeV with integrated luminosities of 166 mu b super(-1) and 5.3 pb super(-1), respectively, by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Measurements are presented as functions of PbPb collision centrality, charged-particle p sub(T), relative azimuth, and radial distance from the jet axis for balanced and unbalanced dijets. Figure not available: see fulltext.
(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted; see image).Results are reported from a search for supersymmetric particles in proton-proton collisions in the final state with a ...single, high transverse momentum lepton; multiple jets, including at least one b-tagged jet; and large missing transverse momentum. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb super(-1) at ... TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search focuses on processes leading to high jet multiplicities, such as gluino pair production with ... The quantity M sub( )J defined as the sum of the masses of the large-radius jets in the event, is used in conjunction with other kinematic variables to provide discrimination between signal and background and as a key part of the background estimation method. The observed event yields in the signal regions in data are consistent with those expected for standard model backgrounds, estimated from control regions in data. Exclusion limits are obtained for a simplified model corresponding to gluino pair production with three-body decays into top quarks and neutralinos. Gluinos with a mass below 1600 GeV are excluded at a 95% confidence level for scenarios with low ... mass, and neutralinos with a mass below 800 GeV are excluded for a gluino mass of about 1300 GeV. For models with two-body gluino decays producing on-shell top squarks, the excluded region is only weakly sensitive to the top squark mass. Figure not available: see fulltext.
Objectives The aim of the study was to study antimicrobial susceptibility in Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter and Enterococcus recovered from chickens, pigs and cattle using uniform ...methodology. Methods Intestinal samples were taken at slaughter in five EU countries per host and bacteria isolated in national laboratories. MICs were determined in a central laboratory of key antimicrobials used in human medicine. Clinical resistance was based on CLSI breakpoints and decreased susceptibility on EFSA epidemiological cut-off values. Results Isolation rates from a total of 1500 samples were high for E. coli (n=1465), low for Salmonella (n=205) and intermediate for Campylobacter (n=785) and Enterococcus (n=718). Resistance prevalence varied among antibiotics, bacteria, hosts and countries. For E. coli and Salmonella, clinical resistance to newer compounds (cefepime, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin) was absent or low, but a decreased susceptibility was apparent, particularly in chickens. Clinical resistance to older compounds (except colistin and gentamicin) was variable and higher. For Campylobacter jejuni from chickens, ciprofloxacin resistance was markedly higher than in isolates from cattle. Clinical resistance to erythromycin was absent for both hosts; decreased susceptibility very low. Similar trends were determined for Campylobacter coli, but C. jejuni was less resistant. None of the enterococcal strains was resistant to linezolid, but a few displayed resistance to ampicillin or vancomycin. Resistance prevalence to quinupristin/dalfopristin was clearly higher. Conclusions Antimicrobial resistance among enteric organisms in food animals varied among countries, particularly for older antimicrobials, but clinical resistance to essential compounds used to treat disease in humans was generally zero or low. In the absence of clinical resistance to newer compounds in E. coli and Salmonella, the apparent decreased susceptibility should be monitored carefully.
PDF
