European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is a widely consumed marine fish in Mediterranean areas, and different farming techniques are applied for fish culturing to satisfy the growing demand for ...seafood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of conventional and organic feed on the quality of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) collected during the growth period. The concentrations of ash, moisture, essential macro‐elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na and P), micro‐elements (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn) and toxic elements (As, Cd, and Pb) were determined in feeds and in fillets of cultured fish. The results were compared to those obtained from wild sea bass. Results showed that the differences between organic diet‐fed and conventional diet‐fed sea basses varied in relation to the specific element measured and the growth period. The former showed higher concentration of Fe, Mg and Cr, and lower Na content. The amount of P, Na, Fe, Cu and Cr in wild sea bass was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher than that found in farmed fish. The levels of toxic elements in cultured sea bass were always within the allowed limit for fishery products. Wild samples had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher content of arsenic and lead than farmed sea bass. Cultured fish represent a valuable dietary source of essential macro‐ and micro‐elements. Controlled rearing systems and feedings were related to a decrease in the presence of some toxic metals in cultured fish compared with wild fish.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract Objective Previous studies have shown a high cardiovascular risk in patients with autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Conversely, few data are available about ...patients with celiac disease (CD). The aim of our study was to assess carotid intima–media thickness (c-IMT), in patients with T1DM, CD or both (T1DM + CD) as compared with age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (H). Methods We enrolled 120 patients, 30 with T1DM, 30 with CD, 30 with T1DM + CD and 30 H. Clinical, metabolic and anthropometric data were collected. All T1DM patients were on insulin while all CD patients were on a gluten-free diet. c-IMT was evaluated by high frequency linear digital ultrasound. Results c-IMT was significantly greater in patients with T1DM + CD than in patients with T1DM or CD ( P < 0.001 for both), while no difference was found between T1DM and CD. Moreover, c-IMT was greater in CD than in H ( P < 0.001). Glycemic control and disease duration were similar between T1DM + CD and T1DM. Lipid and anthropometric parameters were similar among groups. Furthermore, in a pooled multivariate analysis, only age and disease type were significantly correlated with c-IMT ( P < 0.001 for both). Conclusion Our study demonstrates that celiac patients have greater c-IMT as compared with healthy individuals. Thus, non-invasive monitoring of c-IMT in CD might be useful in preventing cardiovascular disease. Moreover, patients with T1DM + CD show more severe subclinical atherosclerosis as compared with those presenting T1DM or CD only, suggesting that the association of these autoimmune diseases might accelerate the atherosclerotic process.
Fossa cheese samples were ripened for 90 days in two different pits and analysed to evaluate the influence of the environment on the chemical and nutritional characteristics. The significant changes ...were recorded only for certain parameters, particularly the contents of fatty acids and volatile molecules. In the fatty acid profiles, the sum of monounsaturated fatty acids showed a significant decrease in the mature cheeses due to a strong decrease in oleic acid. Even the sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the ratio between the sums of saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased after ripening in both pits. HP-SPME-GC/MS analysis allowed the identification of 77 volatile compounds that increased in the cheese samples during ripening. The results of this study indicated that there are substantial differences between the chemical and chemical/physical parameters, and certain fatty acids of the just curdled cheese samples and the cheese ripened in the two pits showed different geological-geochemical parameters.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective.—The study explored the hypothesis that spontaneous nystagmus (Ny) in migraine patients can be triggered or modulated by painful trigeminal stimulation, providing evidence of a functional ...connection between vestibular and trigeminal systems.
Background.—Vertigo attacks are reported by subjects with migraine or a familiar history of migraine, also independently of headache episodes. Idiopathic vertigo is three times more frequent in migraine patients than in controls. Vestibular investigations in migraine patients have consistently demonstrated spontaneous Ny both of central and peripheral origin.
Design.—In the first phase of the study 10 outpatients experiencing migraine without aura (MO) and 10 healthy volunteers were submitted to the registration of spontaneous primary‐position Ny in the dark by Ulmer's video‐ocular‐nystagmographic equipment. Two electrodes for electrical stimulation were applied on the supraorbital point of one side of the head and the intensity of stimulation corresponding to pain threshold was calculated. Spontaneous ocular movements were recorded for 5 minutes at baseline and after a sequence of five electric pulses (square waves of .5 Hz frequency and 50 μs duration, at pain threshold intensity). Nystagmographic responses were expressed as latency after stimulation, direction of the quick phase, and duration. The second phase of the study explored, with the same procedure, the effects on Ny of supraorbital versus median nerve stimulation in other 10 MO patients. Responses to stimulation were considered the appearance of de novo Ny after stimulation in subjects without baseline Ny, or the change of the frequency (at last a 50% variation) or of the direction of Ny after stimulation in subjects with baseline Ny. The latency and the duration of responses to stimulation were also calculated.
Results.—In the first series supraorbital painful electric stimulation was able to modify or to evoke Ny in 8 of 10 migraineurs and in none of 10 volunteers (Fisher's exact test, P < .01). Both the baseline and the induced Ny were second degree, stationary persistent, with a linear slow phase and were suppressed by visual fixation. In the second series, supraorbital nerve stimulation was able to induce or modify Ny in all of 10 patients but only in 1 patient Ny was induced by median nerve stimulation. Characters of Ny were the same as previously described. Statistical comparison of the responses at the two sites of stimulation was significant (Fisher's exact test, P < .01). In those 7 patients who presented de novo Ny after stimulation it was possible to calculate Ny latency and duration. The mean latency was 25 s (SD: 16, range: 14 to 60). The mean duration was 120 s (SD: 94, range: 20 to 290).
Conclusion.—The main result of our study is that in migraine patients painful trigeminal stimulation elicits de novo, or modifies pre‐existing spontaneous Ny, generally increasing it. The finding was obtained after trigeminal stimulation, but not after median nerve stimulation. We suggest that painful trigeminal stimulation can induce an imbalance of the vestibular system in migraine patients and possibly explain their predisposition to vertigo. Our data require confirmation by other studies.
Peanut allergy is one of the most widespread types of food allergies especially affecting developed countries. To reduce the risk of triggering allergic reactions, several technological strategies ...have been devised to modify or remove allergens from foods. Herein we investigated the combination of high temperature and pressure on the modulation of peanuts immunoreactivity after simulated gastro-duodenal digestion. Extractable proteins of raw and autoclaved peanuts were separated on SDS-PAGE and immunogenicity was assessed by ELISA and Western Blot analyses. Proteins surviving the heat treatment and reacting towards allergic patients' sera were analysed and attributed to Ara h 3 and Ara h 1 proteins by untargeted LC-high resolution-MS/MS. A progressive reduction in the intensity of the major allergen proteins was also highlighted in the protein fraction extracted from autoclaved peanuts, with a total disappearance of the high molecular allergens when samples were preliminary exposed to 2 h hydration although the lower molecular weight fraction was not investigated in the present work. Furthermore, raw and processed peanuts underwent simulated digestion experiments and the IgE binding was assessed by using allergic patients' sera. The persistence of an immunoreactive band was displayed around 20 kDa. In conclusion, the synergistic effects of heat and pressure played a pivotal role in the disappearance of the major peanut allergens also contributing to the significant alteration of the final immunoreactivity. In addition, the surviving of allergenic determinants in peanuts after gastrointestinal breakdown provides more insights on the fate of allergenic proteins after autoclaving treatments.
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•Peanuts autoclaving and hydrating produced a decrease in protein content and a reduction in immunoreactivity•A difference in the final immunoreactivity was displayed with a significant loss of reactivity especially under non reducing conditions.•In-vitro digestion experiments on processed peanuts confirmed the persistent immunoreactivity attributed to Ara h 3
OBJECTIVE: Charcot neuroarthropathy is a disabling complication of diabetes. Although its pathogenesis remains unknown, we suppose that genetics may play a relevant role. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: ...We performed a case-control study with 59 subjects with diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy (Ch group), 41 with diabetic neuropathy without Charcot neuroarthropathy (ND group), and 103 healthy control subjects (H group) to evaluate the impact of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the osteoprotegerin gene (G1181C and T245G) on the risk of Charcot neuroarthropathy. RESULTS: Regarding the SNPs of G1181C, we found a significant linkage between the G allele and Charcot neuroarthropathy (Ch vs. ND, odds ratio OR 2.32 95% CI 1.3-4.1, P = 0.006; Ch vs. H, 2.10 1.3-3.3, P = 0.002; and ND vs. H, 0.90 0.7-1.9, P = 0.452); similarly, we found a linkage with the G allele of T245G (Ch vs. ND, 6.25 2.2-19.7, P < 0.001; Ch vs. H, 3.56 1.9-6.7, P = 0.001; and ND vs. H, 0.54 0.6-5.7, P = 0.304), supporting a protective role for the allele C and T, respectively. For this reason we investigated the frequency of the protective double homozygosis CC + TT (7% in Ch) that was significantly lower in Ch compared with H (0.18 0.06-0.5, P = 0.002) and with ND (0.17 0.05-0.58, P = 0.006), whereas there was no difference between H and ND (1.05 0.43-2.0, P = 0.468). In a multivariate logistic backward regression model, only weight and the lack of CC and TT genotypes were independently associated with the presence of Charcot neuroarthropathy. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that shows an association between genetic regulation of bone remodeling and Charcot neuroarthropathy.
An unusual case of a calcified carcinoid tumour Meda, Stefano; Pernazza, Fausto; Di Stasio, Mario
European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery,
12/2013, Letnik:
44, Številka:
6
Journal Article
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