Population growth and climate change have triggered food crises in many countries. As a country with a large population with an average area of agricultural land ownership of fewer than 0.25 ...hectares, Indonesia needs a more progressive strategy in anticipating a food crisis. Additional food production from outside agricultural land is required to meet food self-sufficiency. This study aims to map the role of stakeholders in the development of food production from forests in marginal land areas. In-depth interviews were conducted to determine each stakeholder's level of interest and influence. This paper identifies each stakeholder's relationship, the opportunities for collaboration, and the challenges faced using stakeholder analysis. The research used a case study in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, one of Indonesia's marginal and food-insecure areas. The results showed that among the 13 identified stakeholders, the Forest Management Unit (FMU) of Yogyakarta Province and the Food Security and Extension Board (BKPP) of Yogyakarta Province are two stakeholders who act as key players, with a high level of interest and influence. The provincial government's role was dominant in developing food from the forest. Forest farmers, private forestry companies, and universities are less involved in the decision-making related to food security policies. The government at the district level also does not have sufficient budget and resources to maximize the development of food from the forest. However, the analysis results show that the potential for stakeholder collaboration is immense.
The welfare level of farmer in rural Sumbawa was steadily low although the potency of natural resources at their vicinity was high. This paper determines the consumption behaviour as well as the ...welfare level a farmer households in rural Sumbawa, Indonesia. The household size, years of education, and farming incomes were used as indicators of on-farm performance. This research was carried out in February until April 2015 at two separate forest areas which were administratively under Labuhan Badas village, i.e. community forestry (HKm) in the state production forest and private owned forests (POF). A number of 34 respondents perlocation were purposively selected. The multiple linear regression was implemented to analyze factors affecting farmer household consumption behaviour, while the exchange value for income earned by farmer (EVIF) was incorporated to measure the welfare level. The regression revealed that the consumption behaviour at two groups of respondents were positively related with three indicators, i.e. household size, years of education, and farming incomes. Meanwhile, the household size affected the consumption behaviour of the HKm farmers but not the POF farmers. Furthermore, the consumption is strongly affected by the income generated from both forest areas. The EVIF approach revealed that the welfare of whole farmers were still low (EVIF = 0.74-0.99). The government, therefore, should subsidize rain fed paddy and tobacco seeds varieties which are suitable with the local climate, while the farmers are trained to process the flesh of cashew fruit into wine or chips and encouraged to cultivate calliandra trees for apiculture development and wood pellet or charcoal production.
Penelitian dinamika kelompok tani hutan rakyat ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Nopember sampai Desember 2003 pada tiga desa di tiga kecamatan yaitu : Desa Boja, Desa Kertayasa dan Desa Sukorejo. Jumlah ...petani yang bergabung didalam kelompoktani diambil sebanyak 18 orang untuk dijadikan sebagai responden untuk setiap desa dan ditentukan secara sengaja. Dinamika kelompok diidentifikasi dengan menggunakan delapan faktor, Nilai kumulatif dari faktor sosial menunjukkan tingkat kedinamikaan kelompok, dimana semakin tinggi nilai faktomya semakin dinamis kelompok tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok tani di Desa Kertayasa dan Desa Sukorejo tergolong kelompok yang dinamis, sementara kelompok tani di Desa Boja termasuk kurang dinamis.
Degradasi hutan lindung di Kabupaten Garut sudah cukup parah, salah satunya disebabkan oleh perambahan hutan dengan mengkonversi menjadi lahan pertanian dengan tanaman utama sayuran. Sudah banyak ...program yang dilakukan untuk mengembalikan fungsi hutan lindung serta mengurangi perambahan, dan penangananya sudah melibatkan stakeholders, namun masih dijumpai banyak kendala dalam pelaksanaannya sehingga keberhasilannya masih jauh dari yang diharapkan. Berkenaan dengan hal tersebut diperlukan strategi yang sesuai dengan kondisi dan situasi setempat berdasarkan pandangan stakeholders . Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui pandangan stakeholders mengenai kondisi hutan lindung dan merumuskan alternatif strategi rehabilitasinya. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuisioner dan wawancara mendalam, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan haramay (0,456) merupakan prioritas utama dalam pelaksanaan rehabilitasi hutan lindung di Kabupaten Garut dan alternatif strategi yang dapat dilakukan adalah melalui: pola kemitraan (0,399), sosialisasi haramay (0,340), dan pemberian bantuan modal (0,20).
Achmad B, Diniyati D. 2018. The income structure of smallholder forest farmers in rural Sumbawa, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 936-946. This research investigated the economic well-being of forest ...farmers in Labuhan Badas Village, Sumbawa regency of Indonesia. It aimed: (i) to describe the daily economic activities of community-based forest (HKm) farmers who reside inside the state forest and of farmers in privately owned forest (POF) who reside outside the state forest areas; and (ii) to analyse their income structure in relation to the corresponding economic activities. The research was conducted from August 2015 to April 2016. The survey sample consisted of 34 HKm and 34 POF farmers who were selected purposively. Data collected through interview and focus group discussion techniques were analyzed descriptively. The research determined that the incomes of HKm farmers were generated from14 sources, mainly from activities in the non-agricultural sector, while those for POF farmers were generated from 12 sources mainly from activities in the agricultural sector. The total income of HKm farmers was significantly lower than the income of POF farmers and indicated a moderate level of economic disadvantage. The economic welfare of farmers in both research locations has been assessed to be below an adequate level. Therefore various economic innovations such as the cultivation of honey bees and the processing of unused potential resources (e.g. making wine from cashew fruit) are needed to accelerate the attainment of a decent level of economic well-being
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi curahan tenaga kerja pada berbagai usaha yang dilakukan petani dan pengaruhnya terhadap pendapatan dari usaha hutan rakyat. Kegiatan ini ...dilaksanakan di tiga desa, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya yaitu Sepatnunggal, Karyabakti dan Tanjungkerta pada bulan Maret – Juli 2011. Penelitian ini melibatkan 60 responden petani hutan rakyat yang dipilih secara sengaja dengan kriteria bahwa sumber pendapatan keluarga berasal dari hutan rakyat yang dikelola secara agroforestry dan usaha lainnya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawacara menggunakan kuisioner. Untuk mengetahui besarnya curahan tenaga kerja digunakan ukuran setara jam kerja pria, sedangkan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara curahan tenaga kerja petani dengan pendapatan keluarga digunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa total curahan tenaga kerja petani pada usaha hutan rakyat berturut turut yaitu 175,75 HOK (Desa Karyabakti), 127,12 HOK (Desa Tanjungkerta) dan 91,54 HOK (Desa Sepatnunggal). Pengaruh curahan tenaga kerja terhadap total pendapatan besarnya bervariasi mulai dari kategori sangat rendah yaitu di Desa Karyabakti, kategori rendah di Desa Tanjungkerta sampai dengan kategori sedang di Desa Sepatnunggal. Kata kunci: Jenis usaha; hutan rakyat; pendapatan; curahan tenaga kerjaThe purpose of the research was to identify the distribution of labor allocation and to determine their effects to income from private forest business. The study was carried out at three villages of Tasikmalaya district, namely Sepatnunggal, Karyabakti and Tanjungkerta from March to July 2011. Total respondents involved in this study was 60 purposively selected farmers. Data were collected by performing interview supported by questionnaires. An equivalently male working time and a multiple linear regression were performed to identify the labor allocation and the correlation between labor allocations and incomes respectively. The result showed that the highest labour allocation to the forest business was found at Karyabakti amounting of 175.75 HOK, to the paddy field business was found at Tanjungkerta amounting of 109.5 HOK, to the service business was found at Sepatnunggal amounting of 140.12 HOK and to the other business was found at Karyabakti amounting of 52.23 HOK. The effect of labor allocation to the total incomes of farmers varied from very low, low and medium categories occurred at Karyabakti, Tanjungkerta and Sepatnunggal respectively. Among business carried out by farmers, service sector gave the highest income contribution amounting of 59.30% at Sepatnunggal, 55.76% at Karyabakti and 48.05% at Tanjungkerta.
Introduction: The goal of clinical practice is to provide students with practical training experience and the ability to work as a team. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a ...phantom-based mannequin in improving midwifery students’ performance in vaginal toucher (VT) examinations Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design. Participants were 70 final-year midwifery students in two groups of factory mannequin (n=35) and modified mannequin (n=35). The instrument used for assessing performance was a validated 10-item scale. Data analysis was done using paired t-test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and ANCOVA. Results: Participants had a mean age of 21.6±2.2 years in the modified mannequin group and 21.3±2.4 years in the factory mannequin group. There was no significant improvement in students’ performance after using the factory mannequin, but the modified mannequin improved their skills, since there was a significant difference in VT examination performance before and after using the modified mannequin (mean difference=3.97, P=0.001). The ANCOVA results showed a significant difference in the mean post-test scores between the factory and modified mannequin groups (mean difference=1.59,η2=0.299, P<0.05). Conclusion: The modified mannequin is more effective than the common factory mannequins in improving the VT examination performance of midwifery students. For this reason, these devices are highly recommended for practical learning of VT examinations.
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