Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy represents an alternative method of killing resistant pathogens. Efforts have been made to develop delivery systems for hydrophobic drugs to improve the ...photokilling. This study evaluated the photodynamic effect of chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine (ClAlPc) encapsulated in nanoemulsions (NE) on methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
suspensions and biofilms. Suspensions and biofilms were treated with different delivery systems containing ClAlPc. After the pre-incubation period, the drug was washed-out and irradiation was performed with LED source (660 ± 3 nm). Negative control samples were not exposed to ClAlPc or light. For the suspensions, colonies were counted (colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL)). The metabolic activity of
S. aureus
suspensions and biofilms were evaluated by the XTT assay. The efficiency was dependent on the delivery system, superficial load and light dose. Cationic NE-ClAlPc and free-ClAlPc caused photokilling of the both strains of
S. aureus
. For biofilms, cationic NE-ClAlPc reduced cell metabolism by 80 and 73 % of susceptible and resistant strains, respectively. Although anionic NE-ClAlPc caused a significant CFU/ml reduction for MSSA and MRSA, it was not capable of reducing MRSA biofilm metabolism. This therapy may represent an alternative treatment for eradicating resistant strains.
ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify in the literature the main nursing diagnoses according to the NANDA-I diagnostic classification for people hospitalized with heart failure. Methods: an integrative ...literature review, carried out in February 2019 and updated in July 2023, in the MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS, SciELO and CINAHL databases. Given the use of acronym PEO, studies without a time cut in Portuguese, English and Spanish were included. Descriptive analysis was carried out to present the identified information. Results: analysis of 27 articles identified 24 nursing diagnoses, with emphasis on Decreased Cardiac Output, Excessive Fluid Volume, Decreased Activity Tolerance and Fatigue. Final Considerations: evidence can contribute to better diagnostic decisions centered on people with heart failure in search of more assertive health results and have the potential to support future studies on a possible syndromic pattern in this population.
RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar en la literatura los principales diagnósticos de enfermería según la clasificación diagnóstica NANDA-I para personas hospitalizadas con insuficiencia cardíaca. Métodos: revisión integrativa de la literatura, realizada en febrero de 2019 y actualizada en julio de 2023, en las bases de datos MEDLINE vía PubMed, LILACS, SciELO y CINAHL. Dado el uso del acrónimo PEO, se incluyeron estudios sin corte de tiempo en portugués, inglés y español. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo para presentar la información identificada. Resultados: el análisis de 27 artículos identificó 24 diagnósticos de enfermería, con énfasis en Disminución del Gasto Cardíaco, Volumen Excesivo de Líquidos, Disminución de la Tolerancia a la Actividad y Fatiga. Consideraciones Finales: la evidencia puede contribuir a mejores decisiones diagnósticas centradas en personas con insuficiencia cardíaca en busca de resultados de salud más asertivos y tiene el potencial de sustentar futuros estudios sobre un posible patrón sindrómico en esta población.
RESUMO Objetivos: identificar na literatura os principais diagnósticos de enfermagem de acordo com a classificação de diagnósticos da NANDA-I para pessoas hospitalizadas com insuficiência cardíaca. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em fevereiro de 2019 e atualizada em julho de 2023, nas bases de dados MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS, SciELO e CINAHL. Diante do uso do acrônimo PEO, incluíram-se estudos sem corte temporal de tempo em português, inglês e espanhol. Realizou-se análise descritiva para apresentar as informações identificadas. Resultados: análise de 27 artigos identificou 24 diagnósticos de enfermagem, com destaque para Débito Cardíaco Diminuído, Volume de Líquidos Excessivo, Tolerância à Atividade Diminuída e Fadiga. Considerações Finais: as evidências podem contribuir para a melhor decisão diagnóstica centrada na pessoa com insuficiência cardíaca em busca de resultados em saúde mais assertivos e têm potencial para subsidiar estudos futuros sobre um possível padrão sindrômico nessa população.
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought on a global crisis, with impacts an ongoing food security and nutrition, exposing the vulnerabilities of our society. However, it can be a time for reflection and an ...opportunity to propose and stimulate initiatives that are ready to facilitate resilience within the food system. The food to fork must be shortened and diversified where it is viable and feasible, while made affordable for all societal levels. To face these challengers, the community food systems (CFS) approach has a crucial role, since it copes with relevant principles, including the necessities of low-income societies from areas particularly marginalized from mainstream food systems, of which those land areas also can pose as additional insurance just in case of occurrence of whatever crises. Systematizing the components and contributions of CFS can facilitate the advance of strategies to better deal with crises and increase resilience. Therefore, in this paper, through key elements of CFS, we propose a theoretical framework that can be applied by decision makers as a conceptual guide for combating threats to food systems in neglected territories.
The European school-based drug addiction prevention program Unplugged was adapted to the Brazilian context by the Ministry of Health and renamed #Tamojunto. Its first implementations, in the form of ...a public policy in Brazil, showed contradictory and different effects from those observed in Europe. Adaptations were made to #Tamojunto in 2018 to reintroduce the essential content of the original program.
A parallel, two-arm, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the new version of the school-based government program #Tamojunto2.0 for the prevention of drug use among 8th grade middle school students from 70 public schools in three Brazilian cities, totaling approximately 6.300 participating students distributed in 210 classes. For intervention, the experimental group will receive the 12 lessons of the #Tamojunto2.0 program under the supervision of a Brazilian Ministry of Health team. The control group will not receive any intervention. Information will be collected from the students at three time points: preintervention and 9 and 18 months postintervention. Multilevel analyses will be performed using the Gllamm Stata program to assess simultaneous differences in prevalence, in time and among groups for the outcomes of interest. Structural equation modeling will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in changing the behavioral patterns of the adolescents through latent transition analysis. The effect of the mediators involved in the program effectiveness outcomes will also be analyzed. The program doses applied in all classes of the intervention group will be collected using a form completed by the teacher at the end of each lesson, indicating the activities taught and not taught in each lesson.
This study will show whether the #Tamojunto2.0 program can be expanded as a public policy for all schools with the aim of preventing drug use among Brazilian students.
Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (RBR-8cnkwq) under the name "Avaliação do Efeito do Programa de Prevenção Escolar ao Uso de Drogas #Tamojunto2.0, Versão 2018", on August 30th, 2018 ( http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8cnkwq/ ).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We evaluated the effects of the probiotic candidate
DTA81 (DTA81) on liver oxidative stress, colonic cytokine profile, and gut microbiota in mice with induced early colon carcinogenesis (CRC) by ...1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Animals were divided into four different groups (
= 6) and received the following treatments via orogastric gavage for 8 weeks: Group skim milk (GSM): 300 mg/freeze-dried skim milk/day; Group
DTA81 (DTA81): 3 × 10
colony-forming units (CFU)/day; Group
GG (LGG): 3 × 10
CFU/day; Group non-intervention (GNI): 0.1 mL/water/day. A single DMH dose (20 mg/kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p), weekly, in all animals (seven applications in total). At the end of the experimental period, DTA81 intake reduced hepatic levels of carbonyl protein and malondialdehyde (MDA). Moreover, low levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-17, as well as a reduced expression level of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were observed in colonic homogenates. Lastly, animals who received DTA81 showed an intestinal enrichment of the genus
and increased concentrations of caecal acetic acid and total short-chain fatty acids. In conclusion, this study indicates that the administration of the probiotic candidate DTA81 can have beneficial effects on the initial stages of CRC development.
Sirtuins are emerging players in cancer biology and other age-related disorders, and their putative role in bladder cancer (BlCa) remains elusive. Further understanding of disease biology may allow ...for generation of more effective pathway-based biomarkers and targeted therapies. Herein, we aimed to illuminate the role of sirtuins' family in BlCa and evaluate their potential as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. SIRT1-7 transcripts and protein levels were evaluated in a series of primary BlCa and normal bladder mucosa tissues. SIRT7 knockdown was performed through lentiviral transduction in MGHU3, 5637 and J82 cells and its functional role was assessed. SIRT1, 2, 4 and 5 expression levels were significantly lower in BlCa, whereas SIRT6 and 7 were overexpressed, and these results were corroborated by TCGA cohort analysis. SIRT7 transcript levels were significantly decreased in muscle-invasive vs. papillary BlCa. In vitro studies showed that SIRT7 downregulation promoted cells migration and invasion. Accordingly, increased EMT markers expression and decreased E-Cadherin (CDH1) was observed in those BlCa cells. Moreover, increased EZH2 expression and H3K27
deposition in E-Cadherin promoter was found in sh-SIRT7 cells. We demonstrated that sirtuins are globally deregulated in BlCa, and specifically SIRT7 downregulation is implicated in EMT, fostering BlCa invasiveness through EZH2-CDH1 axis.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the SEB public policy of innovation on the average supply tariff (AST) from its implementation in the year 2000 until 2020, considering the ...tariff moderation foreseen in the RD&I of the SEB, which is aligned with SDG 7 of Agenda 2030. The methodological procedures included (a) a sample consisting of 40% of the market (seven of the one hundred and eleven electricity distributors) of the market (in consumers and billing); (b) a before and after real tariff model (1994–2020) applied through ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation; (c) calculation of the real AST of the sample using the present value (PV) method, updated based on the IPCA as an indexer; (d) calculation of the result of Model 4 before and after and the AST in PV to verify the impact of the SEB’s RD&I public policy on the AST. The results showed that the creation of the innovation contribution (ContribInova) impacted the AST value by 60.95% in terms of real increase. Three electricity purchasing power (EPP) indicators and the electricity purchasing power index (EPPi) were developed and calculated to track the evolution of the AST to help guide the tariff moderation of the SEB and the Brazilian commitment to Agenda 2030 to ensure access to energy services at affordable prices by 2030.
Purpose
The objective of this multicentre study was to verify the relationship between the scores of quality of life (QoL) and the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) and radiation caries (RC) ...in patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer, and through this to determine if RC is capable of causing a significant decrease in the QoL.
Methods
One hundred patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with at least 1 year of RT completion who developed RC (study group,
n
= 50); and patients with at least 1 year of RT completion who did not develop RC (control group,
n
= 50). All patients answered the Brazilian–Portuguese version of the University of Washington quality of life (UW-QoL) questionnaire, which was divided into physical and social–emotional functioning domains and evaluated the DMFT index score.
Results
The mean score of QoL was 927.2 in the control group and 878.1 in the study group (
P
= 0.24). The mean score of DMFT was 30.5 in the study group and 20.7 in the control group (
P
= 0.001). The items
recreation
and
saliva
, which belong to the physical function domain, showed a statistically significant difference between the study and control groups (
P
= 0.031 and
P
= 0.047, respectively).
Saliva
was the item with the higher number of patient complaints in both groups.
Conclusion
RC had a negative impact on the QoL of HNC patients.
Resumo: Objetivou-se caracterizar as principais causas de óbito de mulheres com notificação de violência interpessoal durante a gravidez e identificar os fatores associados a essas mortes. Trata-se ...de um estudo caso-controle realizado a partir da análise de dados sobre violência e óbitos ocorridos no Brasil entre 2011 e 2017. Os dados provenientes do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade foram analisados por meio da regressão logística múltipla. Os resultados mostraram que 56,4% dos óbitos foram em decorrência de causas externas, sendo 80,1% desses devido ao feminicídio. Identificou-se como fatores de risco associados ao óbito: faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos (OR = 2,53; IC95%: 1,01-6,59); agressão por arma de fogo (OR = 14,21; IC95%: 4,58-31,86) e por objeto perfurocortante (OR = 4,45; IC95%: 1,01-22,73). Como fatores de proteção, observou-se: ser casada/união estável (OR = 0,48; IC95%: 0,24-0,93); ter escolaridade acima de quatro anos (OR = 0,21; IC95%: 0,06-0,63) e residir em municípios com população acima de 100 mil habitantes (OR = 0,23; IC95%: 0,10-0,52). Esta pesquisa foi importante para demonstrar a magnitude do feminicídio entre mulheres com notificação de violência durante a gravidez, assim como as fragilidades na produção de informações sobre as causas externas de óbito no período gravídico-puerperal. Além disso, evidenciou-se os motivos que vulnerabilizam as mulheres para o óbito, reforçando a necessidade urgente do rastreamento pelos profissionais de saúde da violência na gestação.
Resumen: Se pretende caracterizar las principales causas de muerte de las mujeres por violencia interpersonal durante el embarazo e identificar sus factores asociados. Se trata de un estudio de caso control, realizado a partir de la relación de datos sobre violencia y muertes ocurridas en Brasil entre 2011 y 2017. Los datos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación Obligatoria y del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad se analizaron mediante regresión logística múltiple. Los resultados mostraron que el 56,4% de las muertes se debieron a causas externas, de las cuales el 80,1% fueron feminicidios. Los factores de riesgo asociados con la muerte fueron: grupo de edad de entre 30 y 39 años (OR = 2,53; IC95%: 1,01-6,59), agresión con arma de fuego (OR = 14,21; IC95%: 4,58-31,86) y con objeto perforante (OR = 4,45; IC95%: 1,01-22,73). Respecto a los factores protectores, se observaron los siguientes: estar casada/unión estable (OR = 0,48; IC95%: 0,24-0,93), nivel de estudios superior a cuatro años (OR = 0,21; IC95%: 0,06-0,63) y vivir en municipios con una población superior a 100.000 habitantes (OR = 0,23; IC95%: 0,10-0,52). Este estudio fue clave por mostrar la magnitud del feminicidio entre mujeres con reporte de violencia durante el embarazo, así como las debilidades en la producción de información sobre las causas externas de muerte en el período de embarazo-puerperio. Además, destacó los factores que causan vulnerabilidad a las mujeres para la muerte, lo que refuerza la necesidad de que los profesionales de la salud examinen los casos de violencia durante el embarazo.
Abstract: This study aimed to characterize the main causes of death of women with notification of interpersonal violence during pregnancy and to identify the factors associated with these deaths. This is a case-control study conducted based on relating data on violence to deaths that occurred in Brazil from 2011 to 2017. Data from the Braziliam Information System for Notificable Diseases and the Brazilian Mortality Information System were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 56.4% of the deaths were due to external causes, and 80.1% of which were due to femicide. The following risk factors associated with death were identified: age group from 30 to 39 years (OR = 2.53; 95%CI: 1.01-6.59); firearm assault (OR = 14.21; 95%CI: 4.58-31.86); and by piercing-cutting objects (OR = 4.45; 95%CI: 1.01-22.73). Being married/in a stable union (OR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.24-0.93); having more than four years of schooling (OR = 0.21; 95%CI: 0.06-0.63); and living in municipalities with a population over 100,000 inhabitants (OR = 0.23; 95%CI: 0.10-0.52) were observed as protective factors. The study was important due to demonstrating the magnitude of femicide among women with notification of violence during pregnancy, as well as the weaknesses in producing information on the external causes of death in the pregnancy-puerperal period. The study also evinced the factors that make women vulnerable to death, reinforcing the urgent need for health professionals to screen for violence during pregnancy.
Recent progress in synthesizing and integrating surface‐supported metal‐organic frameworks (SURMOFs) has highlighted their potential in developing hybrid electronic devices with exceptional ...mechanical flexibility, film processability, and cost‐effectiveness. However, the low electrical conductivity of SURMOFs has limited their use in devices. To address this, researchers have utilized the porosity of SURMOFs to enhance electrical conductivity by incorporating conductive materials. This study introduces a method to improve the electrical conductivity of HKUST‐1 templates by in situ polymerization of conductive polypyrrole (PPy) chains within the SURMOF pores (named as PPy@HKUST‐1). Nanomembrane‐origami technology is employed for integration, allowing a rolled‐up metallic nanomembrane to contact the HKUST‐1 films without causing damage. After a 24 h loading period, the electrical conductivity at room temperature reaches approximately 5.10−6 S m−1. The nanomembrane‐based contact enables reliable electrical characterization even at low temperatures. Key parameters of PPy@HKUST‐1 films, such as trap barrier height, dielectric constant, and tunneling barrier height, are determined using established conduction mechanisms. These findings represent a significant advancement in real‐time control of SURMOF conductivity, opening pathways for innovative electronic‐optoelectronic device development. This study demonstrates the potential of SURMOFs to revolutionize hybrid electronic devices by enhancing electrical conductivity through intelligent integration strategies.
A significant enhancement in electrical conductivity and a comprehensive electrical characterization at low temperatures of surface‐supported metal‐organic frameworks (SURMOFs) are detailed in this study. By employing in situ polymerization of polypyrrole (PPy), this work successfully integrates an HKUST‐1 SURMOF thin‐film into a solid‐state device using an innovative nanomembrane‐origami technology concept. This integration allows for damage‐free and self‐adjusting contact. The electrical characterization conducted at low temperatures exhibits remarkable consistency with well‐established electrical conduction mechanisms. Most notably, the achieved electrical conductivity reaches an impressive value of 5.10–6 S m−1, representing a remarkable improvement of seven orders of magnitude when compared to the initial pristine film. This groundbreaking outcome underscores the substantial potential of this approach in enhancing the electrical properties of SURMOFs, paving the way for exciting prospects in the development of advanced hybrid electronic devices.
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