Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of the iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) enzyme, resulting in cellular accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) ...throughout the body. Treatment of MPS II remains a considerable challenge as current enzyme replacement therapies do not adequately control many aspects of the disease, including skeletal and neurological manifestations. We developed an IDS transport vehicle (ETV:IDS) that is engineered to bind to the transferrin receptor; this design facilitates receptor-mediated transcytosis of IDS across the blood-brain barrier and improves its distribution into the brain while maintaining distribution to peripheral tissues. Here we show that chronic systemic administration of ETV:IDS in a mouse model of MPS II reduced levels of peripheral and central nervous system GAGs, microgliosis, and neurofilament light chain, a biomarker of neuronal injury. Additionally, ETV:IDS rescued auricular and skeletal abnormalities when introduced in adult MPS II mice. These effects were accompanied by improvements in several neurobehavioral domains, including motor skills, sensorimotor gating, and learning and memory. Together, these results highlight the therapeutic potential of ETV:IDS for treating peripheral and central abnormalities in MPS II. DNL310, an investigational ETV:IDS molecule, is currently in clinical trials as a potential treatment for patients with MPS II.
In this paper the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and health is examined. The current work investigated the dimensions of EI are sufficient to explain various components of physical ...and mental health, and various categories of health-related behaviors. A sample of 855 participants completed two measures of EI, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale and trait emotional intelligence questionnaire, a measure of health, the Health Survey SF-36 Questionnaire (SF-36); and a measure of health-related behaviors, the health behavior checklist. The results show that the EI dimensions analyzed are better predictors of mental health than of physical health. The EI dimensions that positively explain the Mental Health Component are Well-Being, Self-Control and Sociability, and negatively, Attention. Well-Being, Self-Control and Sociability positively explain the Physical Health Component. EI dimensions predict a lower percentage of health-related behaviors than they do health components. Emotionality and Repair predict the Preventive Health Behavior category, and only one dimension, Self-Control, predicts the Risk Taking Behavior category. Older people carry out more preventive behaviors for health.
There is no complete description of either the term "mannerism" or its associated features. Contradiction, paradox, and ambiguity may have been the terms most referential for mannerism since the ...1950s, but this article poses a unification of opposites as another important feature, specific to modern and contemporary architecture. We analyse three series of works by Andrea Palladio against another three pairs of opposing concepts-absence versus presence, frontality versus foreshortening, and grid versus assemblage. An analysis of each pair of concepts using commonly accepted examples from late twentieth-century architecture, following Venturi in the way of "both-and," allows us to argue how this merging of opposites in the same element, blends into, and participates in both characterisations. The pairings of opposites maintain their features, becoming simultaneous complementary characters. These mannerist characterisations are less common in current architecture, but they can, we claim, be easily detected in various recent projects.
The aim of this study was to determine the post-pandemic learning adaptation scenarios from the perspective of university students from the Faculty of Education Science of the University of Seville ...(Spain) as a function of the competencies identified in the context of digital transformation. This was a non-experimental, descriptive study that used a short version of the Scale of Attitudes on the Perceptions of Future Teachers toward the New Post-pandemic Educational Scenarios (SANPES). The sample consisted of 972 students of the University of Seville (Spain) (72% women, 28% men), registered in the academic year 2021–2022. A cluster analysis was performed, using a hierarchical procedure (dendrogram), followed by a non-hierarchical procedure (k-means algorithm). The results show significant differences in the responses of the university students. Conclusions: progressive models or scenarios of adaptation to post-pandemic learning based on some student competencies, such as motivation, collaboration, self-learning and digital methodology: (a) initial adaptation model, (b) moderate adaptation model, and (c) advanced adaptation model.
Performance appraisal is a complex process by which an organization can determine the extent to which employees are performing their work effectively. However, this appraisal may not be accurate if ...there is no reduction in the impact of problems caused by possibly subjective rater judgements. The main objective of this work is to check the effectiveness-separately and jointly-of the following four training programmes in the extant literature aimed at improving the accuracy of performance assessment: 1) Performance Dimension Training, 2) Frame-of-Reference, 3) Rater Error Training, and 4) Behavioural Observation Training. Based on these training strategies, three programmes were designed and applied separately. A fourth programme was a combination of the other three. We analyzed two studies using different samples (85 students and 42 employees) for the existence of differences in the levels of knowledge of performance and its dimensions, rater errors, observational accuracy, and accuracy of task and citizenship performance appraisal, according to the type of training raters receive. First, the main results show that training based on performance dimensions and the creation of a common framework, in addition to the training that includes the four programmes (Training_4_programmes), increases the level of knowledge of performance and its dimensions. Second, groups that receive training in rater error score higher in knowledge of biases than the other groups, whether or not they have received training. Third, participants' observational accuracy improves with each new moment measure (post-training and follow-up), though not because of the type of training received. Fourth, participants who receive training through the programme that combine the other four gave a task performance appraisal that was closer to the one undertaken by the judges-experts than the other groups. And finally, students' citizenship performance appraisal does not vary according to type of training or to different moment measures, whereas the group of employees who received all four types of training gave a more accurate citizenship performance assessment.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose
To describe an atypical case of conjunctival herpetic dendritic ulceration in an immunocompetent patient with no history of herpetic primary infection.
Methods
This is a single observational ...case report and a review of the literature. The patient was followed in successive appointments.
Results
Ocular involvement by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) in its recurrent form is characteristic for dendritic ulcers in the corneal epithelium, which are postulated to obtain this form due to the corneal nerve plexus. We describe the first case to date of an immunocompetent patient, age > 70 years and without prior immunosuppressive treatment, with a primary herpetic infection clinically diagnosed by presenting a dendritic ulcer in the bulbar conjunctiva. The patient had nonspecific corneal involvement, and the case was subsequently confirmed with polymerase chain reaction for HSV‐1.
Conclusions
The presentation of a dendritic ulcer in the bulbar conjunctiva in a case of ocular herpes infection is a rare finding, and the physiopathology is unknown. It casts doubt on the theory that corneal dendritic ulcer morphology is only formed because of the corneal sub‐basal nerve plexus involvement. This suggests that conjunctiva examination is of vital importance in herpetic ocular infection, and that it can used a diagnostic methodology if no other eye conditions are found.
The pandemic generated by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to a forced increase in the number of hours spent at home. In many cases, the lockdown situations, both in social and work terms, have meant ...that homes have suddenly also become workplaces. Based on all the indicators, this new relational scenario in the labor market displays a clear upward trend and is far from being a temporary situation. It is known that sunlight affects people’s circadian rhythm and that its reduction and even absence during this period of isolation has had a psychological impact on the population. This makes it necessary to reconsider the regulations applied in homes, in order to guarantee their habitability, given their recent widespread use as offices, as well as domestic spaces. In historic centers, the comprehensive renovations being carried out include improvements in energy efficiency and thermal comfort, which play a fundamental role. However, the energy consumption linked to artificial lighting and the quality of this lighting itself have remained in the background, as improvement strategies consist mainly in the replacement of incandescent or fluorescent lamps with LED lamps. Prior to the pandemic, the electric consumption of lighting systems accounted for 10–15% of the total, a figure which increased to 40–50% during the lockdown period. Aiming to improve people’s well-being while reducing energy expenditure on lighting, this article presents a quantitative approach to improving the levels of natural lighting in residential heritage buildings located in historic centers. According to data obtained from previous surveys of a sector of the population, homes built prior to 1950 were characterized by good natural lighting conditions and a very low incidence of health issues among occupants compared to contemporary homes. The objective was to quantify the circadian stimulus and lighting levels and to identify the areas or work areas in homes in order to optimize consumption related to lighting and to generate healthy and comfortable spaces. Results show that historic homes have enough naturally lit areas to perform office work during business hours. However, in the most unfavorable seasons, winter and autumn, it is necessary to use artificial lighting at the start and end of the working day.
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse a wide range of related health problems that respond favourably to efficient primary care treatment among adults. We evaluate the direct impact of the Family ...Health Strategy (ESF) in Brazil on mortality of adults aged 25–64 years related to conditions for which access to effective primary care can reduce the likelihood of more severe outcomes. Additionally, we discuss heterogeneous effects associated with different intensities of the programme. To address these issues, we estimated a model with variation at the municipal level of the ESF expansion, including municipal-fixed effects, municipal specific trends and year-fixed effects. Our results show that a higher intensity of ESF is associated with reduced mortality by all conditions sensitive to primary care and for some diseases, especially after some years: avoidable conditions, asthma, heart failure, cerebrovascular diseases and gastrointestinal ulcer, infectious gastroenteritis and complications, diseases of the lower airways, hypertension and diabetes. As a public policy view, these results help understand how a nationwide primary care strategy can help mitigate mortality and emphasize the role of having sufficient health teams to attend to the population.
Female under-representation in high-profile career positions has relevant impacts on firms' outcomes, research topics, and public policies. In the academic profession, women's participation decreases ...as they evolve in their careers. To understand the lack of women in economics in Brazilian academia, we investigate the decision to submit papers to the largest conference in the country (Brazilian Meeting of Economics, or ANPEC Meetings), an important achievement in the profession. We explore a novel panel dataset of researchers and match them with web-scraped data of their résumés to test gender differences in the probability of submitting an article one year after having a paper (same or new) rejected in the previous year. Our findings suggest that women desist 2.9% points more than men when facing rejection. We also find evidence that younger women give up more and that the quality of the undergraduate program relates to the gender gap in the likelihood of desisting. Finally, we argue that more competitive women may self-select into higher-quality institutions.
This paper assesses whether Brazilian primary health care is worth it in the long‐run by estimating the accumulated costs and benefits of its flagship, the Family Health Strategy program (ESF). We ...employ an alternative strategy centered on years of exposure to the program to incorporate its dynamics. We also account for the program's heterogeneity with respect to the remuneration of ESF health teams and the intensity of coverage across Brazilian municipalities, measure by the number of people assisted by each ESF team, on average. To address heterogeneity in professional earnings, this paper employs, for the first time, a dataset containing the remuneration of professionals allocated to all ESF teams nationwide. The benefits are measured by the avoided deaths and hospitalizations due to causes sensitive to primary care. Results suggest that the net monetary benefit of the program is positive on average, with an optimum time of exposure of approximately 16 years. Significant heterogeneities in cost‐benefit results were found since costs outweigh benefits in localities where the coverage is low intensive. On the other hand, the benefits outweigh the costs by 22.5% on average in municipalities with high intensive coverage.
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