There is a paucity of data on prehospital cardiac arrest in Spain. Our aim was to describe the incidence, patient characteristics, and outcomes of out-of-hospital emergency care for this event.
We ...conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospective registry of cardiopulmonary arrest handled by an out-of-hospital emergency service between January 2008 and December 2012. The registry included all patients considered to have a cardiac etiology as the cause of arrest, with a descriptive analysis performed of general patient characteristics and factors associated with good neurologic outcome at hospital discharge.
A total of 4072 patients were included, with an estimated incidence of 14.6 events per 100000 inhabitants and year; 72.6% were men. The mean age was 62.0 ± 15.8 years, 58.6% of cases occurred in the home, 25% of patients had initial defibrillable rhythm, 28.8% of patients arrived with a pulse at the hospital (58.3% of the group with defibrillable rhythm), and 10.2% were discharged with good neurologic outcome. The variables associated with this recovery were: witnessed arrest (P=.04), arrest witnessed by emergency team (P=.005), previous life support (P=.04), initial defibrillable rhythm (P=.0001), and performance of a coronary interventional procedure (P=.0001).
More than half the cases of sudden cardiac arrest occur at home, and the population was found to be relatively young. Although recovery was satisfactory in 1 out of every 10 patients, there is a need for improvement in the phase prior to emergency team arrival. Coronary interventional procedures had an impact on patient prognosis.
Lograr un equilibrio entre las necesidades económicas, sociales y ambientales de las generaciones presentes y futuras, teniendo en cuenta los intereses comunes, es el mayor desafío al que nos ...enfrentamos en contexto global. La Agenda 2030 incluye un plan teniendo en cuenta estas premisas iniciales concretándose en 17 Objetivos para el Desarrollo Sostenible que abarcan los más importantes ámbitos del desarrollo. Desde la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, el equipo docente e investigador de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de Talavera de la Reina, junto con algunas personas colaboradoras, ofrecen esta obra colectiva con el objetivo de presentar sus estudios en el marco de los Objetivos para el Desarrollo Sostenible. Organizando el escrito partiendo de algunas situaciones relacionadas con las vertientes –social, económica y ambiental–, de los mismos. Pretendiendo contribuir con su análisis a aumentar el abanico de respuestas que estos retos plantean. La estructura de este libro queda configurada en tres bloques temáticos: el primero toma por título: Inclusión social y educativa: la situación de algunos grupos sociales. El segundo bloque aborda Empleo y economía desde un enfoque de sostenibilidad social y el tercero: la Sostenibilidad en el territorio. Cada bloque está integrado por varios capítulos que dotan de un amplio contenido a la temática principal. Todas las contribuciones, se abordan desde una perspectiva de análisis de situaciones y pretenden arrojar evidencias que supongan un punto de partida para algunos de los retos de la sostenibilidad en su relación con la inclusión social y educativa, económico-laboral y en los territorios.
The relationship between psychotic symptoms and global measures of functioning has been widely studied. No previous study has assessed so far the interplay between specific clinical symptoms and ...particular areas of functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP) using network analysis methods. A total of 191 patients with FEP (age 24.45 ± 6.28 years, 64.9% male) participating in an observational and longitudinal study (AGES-CM) comprised the study sample. Functioning problems were assessed with the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS), whereas the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess symptom severity. Network analysis were conducted with the aim of analysing the patterns of relationships between the different dimensions of functioning and PANSS symptoms and factors at baseline. According to our results, the most important nodes were “conceptual disorganization”, “emotional withdrawal”, “lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation”, “delusions”, “unusual thought content”, “dealing with strangers” and “poor rapport”. Our findings suggest that these symptoms and functioning dimensions should be prioritized in the clinical assessment and management of patients with FEP. These areas may also become targets of future early intervention strategies, so as to improve quality of life in this population.
Ya desde las primeras obras de la literatura en Trabajo Social, el intento por conceptualizar y definir el objeto del diagnóstico social ha estado presente. La pretensión que nos ocupa es la revisión ...de la literatura sobre el diagnóstico social para tratar de hacer una propuesta de sistematización y conceptualización, que nos permita tener una referencia conceptual para el diagnóstico social, y que posibilite la homogeneidad de los conceptos y categorías que utiliza la disciplina del Trabajo Social. Se establecen cuatro niveles de conceptualización del contenido del diagnóstico social, como acercamiento a la interpretación de las cuatro categorías de necesidades sociales básicas de referencia teórico-analítica. Así, cualquier diagnóstico social podría tener como referencia de análisis e interpretación la supervivencia e integridad, la inclusiónintegración social, la autonomía personal y social y la identidad personal y social. Palabras clave: Diagnóstico social, necesidades sociales básicas, inclusión, autonomía, identidad. Since first social work books, the attempt to define the social diagnosis object has been present. We try to review the social work literature about social diagnosis to propose a systematization and conceptualization that allow to have a social diagnosis conceptual reference, which makes possible homogeneity concepts and categories that are used in Social Work discipline. Four levels of conceptualization are been described about the content of social diagnosis, as approach to four basic social needs categories used as theoretical-analytical reference for any social diagnosis. Therefore, survival and integrity, social inclusion-integration, personal and social autonomy and personal and social identity are taken as conceptual-analytical reference for social diagnosis. Keywords: Social diagnosis, basics social needs, integrity, inclusion, autonomy, identity.
Since first social work books, the attempt to define the social diagnosis object has been present. The researchers try to review the social work literature about social diagnosis to propose a ...systematization and conceptualization that allow to have a social diagnosis conceptual reference, which makes possible homogeneity concepts and categories that are used in Social Work discipline. Four levels of conceptualization described the content of social diagnosis, as approach to four basic social needs categories used as theoretical-analytical reference for any social diagnosis. Therefore, survival and integrity, social inclusion-integration, personal and social autonomy and personal and social identity are taken as conceptual-analytical reference for social diagnosis. Adapted from the source document.
Cell reprogramming in response to jasmonates requires a tight control of transcription that is achieved by the activity of JA-related transcription factors (TFs). Among them, MYC2, MYC3 and MYC4 have ...been described as activators of JA responses. Here we characterized the function of bHLH003, bHLH013 and bHLH017 that conform a phylogenetic clade closely related to MYC2, MYC3 and MYC4. We found that these bHLHs form homo- and heterodimers and also interact with JAZ repressors in vitro and in vivo. Phenotypic analysis of JA-regulated processes, including root and rosette growth, anthocyanin accumulation, chlorophyll loss and resistance to Pseudomonas syringae, on mutants and overexpression lines, suggested that these bHLHs are repressors of JA responses. bHLH003, bHLH013 and bHLH017 are mainly nuclear proteins and bind DNA with similar specificity to that of MYC2, MYC3 and MYC4, but lack a conserved activation domain, suggesting that repression is achieved by competition for the same cis-regulatory elements. Moreover, expression of bHLH017 is induced by JA and depends on MYC2, suggesting a negative feed-back regulation of the activity of positive JA-related TFs. Our results suggest that the competition between positive and negative TFs determines the output of JA-dependent transcriptional activation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Mediterranean region can be considered as a transitional zone between sub‐tropical and temperate climates, characterized by dry, hot summers and mild, wet winters. According to the FAO database ...the prevailing soil type in the Mediterranean region are Cambisols however Fluvisols, Luvisols and Leptosols are also quite common. In order to quantify the soil carbon content of the major Mediterranean ecosystems, a data collection was organized among the partners of the COST 639 action. Moreover, the effects of wildfires on soil carbon loss and organic matter decomposition were investigated together with inorganic contributions to CO2 soil emissions. The average soil carbon content per unit surface area, to a depth of 30 cm, was found to be around 60‐70 tC ha
−1
for forest and rangeland ecosystems. Lower contents were found for Dehesa and agricultural soils. However, surprisingly high values, up to 200 tC ha
−1
were also reported, which seem to be quite uncommon for dry land ecosystems. The main problem in this study was defining exactly what should or should not be included into the definition of “Mediterranean climate”. In fact this term is often used with a wide meaning that includes also temperate ecosystems and therefore a consistent analysis to define the baselines of soil carbon content should firstly be based on a climatic classification. For the same reason a comparison between IPCC default values for forest ecosystems and the collected data in this study was found to be difficult. Moreover, common sampling procedures should be applied to guarantee the comparability of data.
Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia de la resistencia en microrganismos
aislados en cultivos de sangre en pacientes
de un hospital oncológico de tercer nivel. Material y métodos.
De enero de 1998 a ...diciembre de 2003, en el Instituto
Nacional de Cancerología se desarrolló un estudio
retrospectivo en el cual se obtuvieron cepas de cultivos de
sangre que fueron incluidas y procesadas por sistema Bactec
y Microscan, para determinar identificación y sensibilidad
antimicrobiana. Se determinó la tendencia anual de la
resistencia de cada organismo especificado a los diferentes
antibióticos. Se obtuvo la diferencia porcentual (incremento
o decremento) comparando la frecuencia de resistencia
al inicio y al final del estudio. Resultados. Se detectaron
2 071 cultivos positivos. Se recuperaron Gram negativos en
59.7% de las muestras, Gram positivos en 35.7% y levaduras
en 4.6%. Escherichia coli fue el principal germen identificado
(18.6%), seguido de S. epidermidis (12.7%) y Klebsiella
spp (9%). Durante el periodo de estudio la sensibilidad se
mantuvo estable y por arriba de 88% (excepto para Pseudomonas
aeruginosa). La sensibilidad de ciprofloxacina para E.
coli se encontró alrededor de 50%. Amikacina presentó
mayor sensibilidad que gentamicina. Staphylococcus aureus
presentó una sensibilidad a oxacilina de 96% y a vancomicina
de 100%. S.epidermidis de 14% a oxacilina y de 98.6% a
vancomicina. No se encontraron cepas de enterococo resistente
a vancomicina. Todas las cepas de S. pneumoniae fueron sensibles a penicilina. Conclusiones. Se considera
que los patrones de resistencia encontrados en este hospital
son el resultado del control en el uso de antimicrobianos,
del programa de vigilancia de infecciones nosocomiales
y de la utilización de terapia combinada en todos los pacientes
con bacteremia.
Teachers’ training of schoolchildren in basic life support García Del Águila, José Javier; López Rebollo, Elia; Escamilla Pérez, Rocío ...
Emergencias : revista de la Sociedad Espanola de Medicina de Emergencias
31, Številka:
3
Journal Article
To assess first-year secondary-school students' knowledge and performance of basic life support (BLS) 6 months after training given by their regular teachers during school hours.
Sixty-two teachers ...were trained in BLS instruction. They then instructed 1043 students. The students' knowledge increased significantly from mean (SD) scores of 4.42 (1.64) to 7.28 (1.85) (P < .001) and was maintained at 6 months (mean score, 5.15 3.16; P <.001). Performance skills were also maintained at 6 months, although the students had greater difficulty attaining ventilation targets.
Sixty-two teachers were trained in BLS instruction. They then instructed 1043 students. The students' knowledge increased significantly from mean (SD) scores of 4.42 (1.64) to 7.28 (1.85) (P < .001) and was maintained at 6 months (mean score, 5.15 3.16; P < .001). Performance skills were also maintained at 6 months, although the students had greater difficulty attaining ventilation targets.
Teachers' training of their own first-year secondary students during regular school hours led to changes in the students' attitudes toward the possibility of cardiac arrest and to the learning of BLS techniques.
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