Essential oils were extracted from the culm and leaf of Cymbopogon citratus collected from different regions of Vietnam and analyzed using GC/MS. The results showed that citral is the major component ...accounting for 61.20%–76.46% of the essential oils. The citral content was higher in the essential oil obtained from the leaf than in that from the culm of lemongrass in all regions. In particular, camphene, valerianol, and epi-α-muurolol can be used to differentiate essential oils originating from leaves versus culms. The cytotoxic effects of the essential oils on various lung cancer cell lines were evaluated in the present study. All essential oils exhibited cytotoxicity in the tested cells. The Ha Loc leaf essential oil (HLL) exhibited the most potent effects on A549 and H1975 cells, with IC50 values of 1.73 ± 0.37 and 4.01 ± 0.30 μg/mL, respectively. The Hy Cuong leaf essential oil (HCL) showed the strongest effect on H1299 cells, with an IC50 value of 2.45 ± 0.21 μg/mL. The Kim Duc culm (KDC) essential oil exerted the strongest cytotoxic effects against H1650 cells, with an IC50 value of 4.86 ± 0.29 μg/mL. The HLL induced apoptosis and cycle arrest in A549 cells according to flow cytometric analysis and fluorescent nuclear staining assays. The western blot analysis indicated that HLL induced the apoptotic effect by altering the regulating proteins of the apoptosis process such as caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax. The data strongly suggested that the intrinsic pathway may play an important role in the apoptotic effects of HLL.
Precision agriculture (PA) technology has proven effective in optimizing yield with minimum inputs and in reducing environmental pollution. In this paper, we aim to investigate factors influencing PA ...adoption in developing countries at both the farmer (individual) and farm (organizational) levels. Findings from 59 high-ranking journal articles were reviewed to determine factors that facilitate or hinder PA adoption: 63% of studies reported factors at the farm level and 37% at the individual level. At the individual level, factors promoting PA adoption included the technology's relative advantages, observability, trialability, farmer experience in using technology, innovativeness, risk tolerance, education, and knowledge, whereas farmer age and technology complexity hindered PA adoption. Factors promoting PA adoption at the farm level included farm size, resource availability, perceived need for technology characteristics, technology compatibility, social influence, competitive pressure, and government support. PA adoption should, thus, include both levels; hence, a multi-level set of adoption determinants is presented in this study. The findings not only broaden the research agenda for future PA adoption studies that address gaps in the existing literature but also provide a holistic way for entrepreneurial technology developers and policymakers to understand factors that affect PA adoption. The study, thus, paves the way for further investigations to address the causes of slow progress in adoption of innovative technologies, such as PA, especially in developing countries.
The FLT3-ITD mutation is frequently observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is associated with poor prognosis. In such patients, FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are only partially ...effective and do not eliminate the leukemia stem cells (LSCs) that are assumed to be the source of treatment failure. Here, we show that the NAD-dependent SIRT1 deacetylase is selectively overexpressed in primary human FLT3-ITD AML LSCs. This SIRT1 overexpression is related to enhanced expression of the USP22 deubiquitinase induced by c-MYC, leading to reduced SIRT1 ubiquitination and enhanced stability. Inhibition of SIRT1 expression or activity reduced the growth of FLT3-ITD AML LSCs and significantly enhanced TKI-mediated killing of the cells. Therefore, these results identify a c-MYC-related network that enhances SIRT1 protein expression in human FLT3-ITD AML LSCs and contributes to their maintenance. Inhibition of this oncogenic network could be an attractive approach for targeting FLT3-ITD AML LSCs to improve treatment outcomes.
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•SIRT1 protein expression is selectively enhanced in FLT3-ITD AML stem cells•Combined SIRT1 and FLT3 inhibition increases elimination of FLT3-ITD AML stem cells•SIRT1 overexpression in FLT3-ITD AML is related to c-MYC activation•c-MYC increases SIRT1 expression by enhancing expression of the USP22 deubiquitinase
Li et al. find that c-MYC via USP22 deubiquitinase enhances SIRT1 expression and promotes maintenance of human AML stem cells, which suggests a strategy to target leukemia stem cells.
Although it has been extensively studied for decades, the α-Al2O3:Cr3+ phosphor has rarely been investigated for horticultural lighting. In this work, for the first time, a prototype of a plant ...growth light-emitting diode (LED) has been fabricated by coating a deep-red-emitting α-Al2O3:Cr3+ phosphor onto a near-ultraviolet (NUV) chip. The α-Al2O3:Cr3+ phosphor, synthesized by a co-precipitation method and annealed at 1500 °C for 2 h, emits an outstanding narrow peak at 695 nm. The α-Al2O3:0.6%Cr3+ phosphor shows a high activation energy of 0.29 eV, a long lifetime of 3.4 ms, and a superior color purity of 100%. The chromatic coordinates and the QE value of the red LED obtained by coating an α-Al2O3:0.6%Cr3+ phosphor on a NUV chip are (x = 0.5650, y = 0.2429) and 87.1%, respectively.
Contamination status and distribution characteristics of ten phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and three cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (CSs) were determined in the air (gas and particle) samples ...collected from indoor and outdoor spaces of several chemistry laboratories, offices, and homes from urban area of Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. Air concentrations of Σ10PAEs (median 688; range 142–2390 ng m−3) and Σ3CSs (171; not detected–1100 ng m−3) in the indoor air samples were significantly higher than those measured in the outdoor ones (Σ10PAEs: 161; 34.1–515 ng m−3 and Σ3CSs: 43.2; not detected–258 ng m−3), partly suggesting the predominance of indoor emission sources of these substances. There were significant positive correlations in total air concentrations of phthalates and siloxanes between the indoor and outdoor air samples. The most predominant phthalates were diethyl-, di-n-butyl-, diisobutyl-, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. For siloxanes, D5 and D6 were more abundant than D4 in most samples. Except for di(2-ethylhexyl)- and di-n-octyl phthalate in some locations, almost all the compounds were likely associated with gas phase than particle phase. Daily intake doses of airborne phthalates and siloxanes, and non-cancer and cancer risks of selected phthalates were estimated for different exposure groups such as adults, children, and university subjects (e.g., laboratory staff and students), indicating relatively low levels of risk.
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•Phthalates and cyclic siloxanes were analyzed in indoor/outdoor air of Hanoi, Vietnam.•Concentrations of phthalates and siloxanes in indoor air were higher than in outdoor air.•DEP, DnBP, DiBP, DEHP, D5, and D6 were major compounds detected.•Most compounds were abundant in the gas phase than in particulate phase.•Non-cancer and cancer risks of airborne phthalates were relatively low.
Interoperability in Blockchain: A Survey Ren, Kunpeng; Ho, Nhut-Minh; Loghin, Dumitrel ...
IEEE transactions on knowledge and data engineering,
12/2023, Letnik:
35, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This paper presents a systematic and comprehensive survey on blockchain interoperability, where interoperability is defined as the ability of blockchains to flexibly transfer assets, share data, and ...invoke smart contracts across a mix of public, private, and consortium blockchains without any changes to the underlying blockchain systems. Analyzing the vast landscape of both research papers and industry projects, we classify the existing works into five categories, namely, (1) sidechains, (2) notary schemes, (3) hashed time lock contracts (HTLC), (4) relays, and (5) blockchain agnostic protocols. We analyze the existing works under a taxonomy that consists of system and safety characteristics, such as decentralization, direction of communication, locking mechanism, verification mechanism, trust, safety, liveness, and atomicity. Different from other surveys, we are the first to evaluate the performance of some representative interoperability approaches between Bitcoin and Ethereumcovering sidechains, notary schemes, and HTLCs. Even though the performance of cross-chain transactions is low (typically fewer than 10 transactions per second), the main reason is the underlying blockchain ( e.g. , Bitcoin and Ethereum) and not the interoperability approach. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and possible research directions inblockchain interoperability. For example, we identify challenges in interoperability acrosspermissioned and permissionless blockchains, in interacting with scripting blockchains, in security and privacy.
A transparent stretchable (TS) gated sensor array with high optical transparency, conformality, and high stretchability of up to 70% is demonstrated. The TS‐gated sensor array has high responsivity ...to temperature changes in objects and human skin. This unprecedented TS‐gated sensor array, as well as the integrated platform of the TS‐gated sensor with a transparent and stretchable strain sensor, show great potential for application to wearable skin electronics for recognition of human activity.
Sustainable marketing, often known as green marketing, has grown in popularity over the last two decades. Government is currently putting pressure to encourage firms to become environmentally aware ...in multiple aspects like human and financial utilization, advertisement, and product movement. Different types of companies are including many environmental campaigns into their own products to take advantage of the problem. Although many scholars have addressed the relevance of green marketing as well as theory development, this study is unique in that it examines both techniques in a fuzzy context. The integrated Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision Making Model (MCDM) of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and a Portuguese-acronymous MCDM method (TODIM) are used to select the best marketing strategy from five alternatives: (i) Green Design, (ii) Green Positioning, (iii) Green Pricing, (v) Green Packaging, and (iv) Green Disposal. based on criteria such as the scale of the green market, price parity, and the commitment of top management. A fuzzy MCDM model for evaluating green marketing strategies was established in the study as contributions for decision-makers in this field under unclarified circumstances. This research also a useful guideline for ranking alternatives in others industry.
Conformable, wearable biosensor-integrated systems are a promising approach to non-invasive and quantitative on-body detection of biomarkers in body fluids. However, realizing such a system has been ...slowed by the difficulty of fabricating a soft affinity-based biosensor patch capable of precise on-body fluid handling with minimal wearer intervention and a simple measurement protocol. Herein, we demonstrate a conformable, wearable lab-on-a-patch (LOP) platform composed of a stretchable, label-free, impedimetric biosensor and a stretchable microfluidic device for on-body detection of the hormone biomarker, cortisol. The all-in-one, stretchable microfluidic device can precisely collect and deliver sweat for cortisol quantitation and offers one-touch operation of reagent delivery for simultaneous electrochemical signal generation and washing. Three-dimensional nanostructuring of the Au working electrode enables the high sensitivity required to detect the pM-levels of cortisol in sweat. Our integrated LOP detected sweat cortisol quantitatively and accurately during exercise. This LOP will open a new horizon for non-invasive, highly sensitive, and quantitative on-body immunodetection for wearable personal diagnostics.
Stretchable 3D nanostructured biosensor was integrated with microfluidics in lab-on-a-patch platform. The patch has the capability of autonomous sweat sampling and reagent delivery by one-touch finger operation for impedimetric signal reading and can measure human sweat cortisol non-invasively and quantitatively. The patch shows great promise for wearable immunosensor. Display omitted
•Stretchable microfluidic system for sweat sampling to measurement.•3D nanostructured gold working electrode for highly sensitive and stretchable impedimetric biosensor.•Lab-on-a-patch platform integrated with stretchable impedimetric biosensor and microfluidic system.•Demonstration of on-body immunodetection of sweat cortisol.
Technology is becoming the tool that changes how people live every day, and the marketing strategies of businesses are also gradually shifting to the industry 4.0 mindset of constant growth and ...development. Digital marketing has changed human habits of information accessibility, determined their interactions, and witnessed the birth of a variety of new marketing technologies. Marketers are creating digital marketing products and services that enhance the experience for consumers, products, and services that are also delivered through high digital marketing networks. As a result, data sources become more abundant and allow consumers to have more choices. All products, services, technologies, and data are increasingly meeting the needs of consumers, thereby confirming the effectiveness of digital marketing in today’s market. However, the evaluation and selection of digital marketing technology is very complex since it has many conflicting criteria and goals. The multi-criteria decision-making model (MCDM) is a powerful technique widely used for solving this type of problem. Thus, the author proposed a fuzzy linguistic MCDM method for evaluation of digital marketing technologies. After determining the evaluation criteria and alternatives, two MCDM methods, including Spherical Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (SF-AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), are used in the evaluation and selection of digital marketing technologies procedure. Finally, an application is present to demonstrate the potential use of the proposed methodology. The main contribution of this study is to propose a Spherical fuzzy MCDM model to support planners and decision makers in the digital marketing technology evaluation and selection processes. A case study is also performed to showcase the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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